Buying and selling goods or services through the internet, and the transfer of money and data to execute these transactions is called e-commerce. E-commerce, short for electronic commerce, involves online transactions, e-payments, digital marketing, and more. E-commerce is becoming popular because of its e-transections. E-commerce has become the fastest way of business and trade nowadays.

1. Buying and selling goods or services
through the internet, and the transfer of
money and data to execute these
transactions is called e-commerce. E-
commerce, short for electronic commerce,
involves online transactions, e-
payments, digital marketing, and more. E-
commerce is becoming popular because of
its e-transections.

2.  Business-to-business (B2B)
 Business-to-consumer (B2C)
 Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
 Consumer-to-business (C2B)
 Peer-to-peer (P2P)
 Consumer to administration (C2A)
 Business-to-administration (B2A)
 Drop shipping
 Mobile commerce

3.  Business-to-business e-commerce involves transactions and trade
with other businesses online, such as supplies of raw materials,
services, etc. It is like manufacturing and selling goods to the
retailer.

4.  Business-to-consumers is the model taking
business and consumers interactions. The
business organization provides supplies and
product to customer and the customer place
the order through the website. If a
manufacturer produces something, retailer
purchases it, consumer buy is from the retail
shop and the difference of the buying prices
and purchasing prices is their
profit. Amazon and Flipkart are the best
examples of this model.

6.  In consumer-to-consumer e-commerce,
individuals buy and sell products or services
directly to other individuals through online
marketplaces. It means that a consumer would
contact a business in search of a suitable
customer (C2B2C) e.g. OLX, e-bay. It is also
called business-to-business-to-consumer i.e.
when a company re-brands an item to present
it as its own.

8.  In this model, the consumer demands specific
products/services from respective business. It
is the reverse of business to consumer model (
B2C). A customer places order through the
website. Website links with the business
organization and business organization
provides the goods or services to customer.


10.  Peer-to-peer (P2P) e-commerce or Person-to-
person e-commerce, is like an online
marketplace where individuals buy and sell
products or services. In peer-to-peer e-
commerce, individuals act as both buyers and
sellers. They interact through a platform or
website that facilitates the exchange of goods,
services, or assets. eBay, Airbnb, Lyft, Upwork,
Fiverr, Etsy, Turo are its best examples.

11.  Consumer to administration (C2A) model is all
about e-transaction of goods or services
between consumers and public administration
e.g. e-learning, health services, legal services.

12.  Business to administration is e-transaction
conducted between companies and public
administration. Its examples are: social
security, employment, legal documents.

13.  Drop shipping is a business model where
online retailers do not need to hold inventory.
Instead, they partner with suppliers who fulfill
orders directly to the customers, reducing the
need for warehousing and inventory
management.