this topic cover all the stages of data processing cycle , different forms of processed data and the computer: a data processing cycle. it also explain the computerized system and its advantages over manual system

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Samina khan
FDC Risalpur

2. • Chapter 1 Data –Processing Cycle
• Chapter 2 Binary Computing
• Chapter 3 System Software
• Chapter 4 Application Software
• Chapter 5 More on Word
• Chapter 6 More on Spreadsheets
• Chapter 7 Algorithms and Flow charts
• Chapter 8 Introduction to Programming Languages
• Chapter 9 Computer Networks
• Chapter 10 The Internet
• Chapter 11 Communicating through Email
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3. CHAPTER 1

4. Objectives
• To introduce data-processing cycle
• Explain the stages involved in the collection and
processing of data
• Explain that data can be processed in various
forms
• Discuss manual and computerized data-
processing systems.
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5. STAGES OF DATA PROCESSING CYCLE

6. Stages of Data-processing Cycle
• Input, processing, output and storage are all
connected functions.
• Data goes through these processes and convert
into information.
• It begins with the input stage and ends at the
output stage.

7. The Linear data processing process

8. The Input stage
• Data does not contain any information.
• It is fed into the data-processing system to be
converted into meaningful information.
• Input stage contains the following activities:
i. Data collection
ii. Data capture
iii. Encoding
iv. Data transmission
v. Data communications

9. Data collection
• Gathering data from the environment and
preparing it for input.
• The document on which data is recorded
when it is collected is called a source code.

10. Data capture
• Entering the collected data into a data
processing system such as a computer system.

11. Encoding
• Converting data into a form that is easier to
input into a data processing system.
• Example: Date as DD/MM/YYYY
• This saves a lot of time and reduces error.

12. Data transmission
• Sending input data to the processor and
carrying it across its various components.
• Also involves carrying data from the processor
to the output devices.

13. Data communication
• Set of activities that allow data to be sent
from one data-processing system to another.

14. The Processing stage
• Raw data transform into meaningful information
• Computer follows instructions called programs to
process data.
• These programs include operating systems, word
processors, spreadsheets, web browsers etc

15. The output stage
• Processed data
• Presented through output devices
• After users viewed the output , they understand it &
make decision on the basis of their understanding .
• This is called Decoding.

16. The storage stage
• Information is stored to be used later
• Hard drives and pen drives are used to store
information.

17. The data processing cycle
Input(Data)
Processing
Output
(Information)
Storage
Data
collection

18. DIFFERENT FORMS OF PROCESSED DATA

19. 1. Sorted Data
• Organizing the data according to some pre-
defined criteria.
• It helps us to find the information easily.
• Spreadsheet program helps us to sort a large
amount of data.

20. 2. Grouped Data
• Placing data in groups where something is
common
• It helps us to see how different items of data
are related to each other.

21. 3. Calculation
• Numeric data is used to perform calculation.
• Electronic spreadsheet and calculators are
used to perform complex calculations using a
computer.
• We can create graphs and charts to display
data.

22. THE COMPUTER:
A DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM

23. The computer: A data processing system
• Several machines are invented to process the
data faster and accurately.
• Computers can be connected to these machines
in order to make decisions.
• Example: Barcode reader in larger stores.

24. The advantages of computerized system
• Manual systems are replaced by computers
because of their many advantages
• Some of the advantages are
i. Speed
ii. Accuracy
iii. Efficiency
iv. Variety
v. Ease of use
vi. capacity