technology is changing rapidly that hardly any human activity will be possible in the coming year without the use of computer. we must be aware of these technological changes.
2. • Chapter 1 More on Number System
• Chapter 2 Working on Word
• Chapter 3 Working with Spreadsheet
• Chapter 4 Problem solving
• Chapter 5 Introduction to programming
• Chapter 6 Programming in GW-BASIC
• Chapter 7 Data verification & validation
• Chapter 8 Data protection & security
• Chapter 9 Applications of computers
• Chapter 11 The future of Technology
• Chapter 12 Creating webpages
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5. Robots
• A robot is a machine that can be controlled by a
computer.
• The computer controls the robots so that it can
perform actions that are similar to those of living
beings.
• Some robots are like human and animals having
limbs and facial features.
• They can walk, talk and carry objects.
7. Why do we need robots to act like humans?
• To perform dangerous tasks, like carrying heavy
loads.
• Robots are used to avoid injury to humans.
• For monotonous or boring jobs like placing lids
on thousands of jars in a factory.
• Robots are used in manufacturing, science &
medicine and entertainment field.
8. 1. Manufacturing
• Robots are commonly used in factories.
• Such robots possess a jointed arm which can be
controlled by a computer.
• The arm can be used to lift heavy objects and do
dangerous task like welding.
• It can also do monotonous work like tightening
bolts.
• More cars can be manufactured safely and with
fewer errors.
9.
10. 2. Science & medicine
• Robots are used in space exploration.
• They have been used to control unmanned
space probes.
• This enables us to send spacecraft into space
without any human being in them.
11. 2. Science & medicine
• Robots can stay in
space much longer
than humans because
they don’t need food
and sleep.
• They can spend
months in space or on
other planet collecting
data for scientific
analysis.
12. 2. Science & medicine
• Robots are used in the medical field to perform
surgery where surgeons are not locally available.
• A surgeon uses a computer to control a robot
from a distant location.
• Such robots can also perform delicate operations
that would be difficult for humans to perform.
13. Nanotechnology
• It is a field of technology that is producing robots
that are capable of doing microscopic work.
• These robots are used in making computer chips,
performing microsurgery and making weaponry.
14. Entertainment
• Robots are extremely popular in the
entertainment industry.
• They are designed for science fiction films and
can perform multiple operations.
• Robots are also build for TV shows.
• They are also used to move sets and props on
film sets and in theatre.
• Such robots are called automated guided
vehicles (AGVs).
16. Advantages of robots
• They serve in a wide range of areas from space
travel to microsurgery.
• Robots have artificial intelligence(AI). It means
that they take action on their own and not wait
for human input.
• This is useful in emergency situation.
17. Disadvantages of robots
• The major problem is that of control.
• Human fear that AI might develop to such
extent that robots might be able to compete
with human and even dominate them.
• There should be rules about how much
independence and free will robot can be
allowed.
• Robots are quite expensive
18. Wireless Communication
• Wireless communication allows
computers to send signals to
each other without using cables.
• A computer can be connected to
internet when it enter the range
of a wireless network that is
connected to the internet.
• A device called a wireless access
point connects a wired network
to a wireless network.
19. Advantages of wireless communications
• Wireless communication enables people to
use their laptops, tablets and smart phones
anywhere.
• We can connect simply by being present
within the range of an access point.
• Satellite communication allows people to
communicate across large distances.
• Save space and prevent overcrowding.
20. Personal area network (PANs)
• It is a very small network.
• It consist of eight to nine devices such as mobile
phones, laptops and wireless keyboard etc..
• A device in PAN can connect to multiple devices
at the same time.
• It is important for the devices to be closed to
each other for data to be shared among them.
• Data such as videos, pictures and files can easily
be exchanged in a short time.
21. How a PAN works
• Pan devices can locate each other by emitting
radio signals.
• If a device is present within the signal range, it
responds with another radio signal. This
establishes a connection.
• Once connection has been established, data
can be shared through further exchange of
radio signals.
22.
23. Advantages of personal area network
• People don’t need cables to connect devices to
each other.
• No human effort is needed to connect the devices.
Devices can connect to each other simply by being
within the range of radio signals.
• Radio signals are less harmful to humans than
signals produced by mobile phones.
• Special headset are available that allow to receive
calls on their mobile phone and listen to the radio
while moving around.
24. Satellite communication
• Satellite communication helped in the growth of
wireless communication.
• It plays an important role in telecommunications,
weather forecasting, radio communication and
GPS.
• Artificial satellites are launched into space from
the earth. Once they are fixed in orbit, they use
an antenna to receive and send signals to ground
station on earth.
25. Satellite communication
• It receives signal from one ground station and
send it to another ground station.
• These ground stations might be many miles
apart, satellites are very helpful in
communicating over large distances.
26. Types of satellites
• Every field of human activity depends on the
communication of information. Therefore
different types of satellites are used in different
fields.
• Some of them are:
1. Astronomy satellite
2. Communication satellites
3. Weather satellites
4. Navigation satellites
5. Space exploration satellites
27. Astronomy satellite
• Like a large telescope orbiting the Earth.
• It takes pictures that are ten times better than
pictures taken by a powerful telescope on
Earth.
• They take photographs of events taking place in
outer space.
• They help scientists monitor meteors, comets
and other objects that might strike the earth.
28.
29. Communication satellite
• We use communication satellite when we
watch television, use our mobile phone or
listen to the radio.
• Before the invention of communication
satellites, signals could not be sent to different
countries because the signals travelled in
straight lines and could not bend around the
earth.
• This problem was overcome with the help of
communication satellites.
30.
31. Weather satellite
• Weather satellites helps people to observe
weather phenomena on a regular basis.
• These satellites provide vital information about
clouds, storms, hurricanes etc.
• Weather forecasters can use the updated
images sent by satellites to predict the weather
more accurately.
• Weather satellites can also be used to inform
fisherman about the best time for catching fish.
32.
33. Navigation satellite
• Navigation satellites use time and distance to
measure the location of a point.
• The receiver uses the signals sent by satellites
to calculate the position of each satellite and
its distance from the earth.
• Navigation satellites help sailors to stay on the
right course during their voyages.
34.
35. Space exploration satellite
• Space exploration satellites are different from
astronomy satellite because they go deeper
into outer space to study galaxies.
• Astronomy satellite simply orbit the earth.
Space exploration satellite investigate events
happening in outer space.
• They send back pictures of planets, stars and
other satellites.
• NASA’s Galileo is an example of a space
exploration satellite.
36.
37. The Global Positioning System (GPS)
• The GPS pinpoint the exact location on a map
and show how it can be reached.
• The GPS system also helps people to find their
way around in areas where weather is poor.
38.
39. What is the GPS?
• GPS is a satellite-based technology.
• It provides information about time and location
to people who have GPS-enabled devices.
• The GPS was created by connecting twenty-
four satellites that could share information with
each other.
• In order to pinpoint a location, a GPS-device
must have a clear path to four GPS satellites.
40. How the GPS works?
• The GPS consists of thirty-two satellites
orbiting the earth (24 core & 8 emergency
replacement).
• These satellites send signals to a control station
on earth.
42. • It is an important development in computer
technology.
• It enables us to store applications and data on
a vast server space instead of saving it on the
computer’s hard disk.
Cloud computing
43. Fog computing
• It is a smaller version of cloud computing which
reduces the burden that millions of computers
place on the cloud database.
• Examples include industrial controllers, switches,
routers, embedded servers, and video surveillance
cameras.
44. Mobile computing
• It enables people to use computers on the go.
• Computers are becoming available in the form of
wrist watches, eyeglasses and even items of
clothing.
• This will enable people users to use and share
data in different places.
45. Pattern recognition technology
• Computers are using pattern recognition
technology.
• These computers use historical data of a user to
predict what kind of service they need.
46. Embedded computers
• These are special purpose computers that are
designed for a specific task.
• For examples embedded energy control system
and web of things.
