Fronts were analyzed 3 hrs prior (18Z). It can be difficult to discern the current weather symbols for many of the stations enveloped within the moderate-to-heavy precipitation in both Figure 1 and Figure 2. By the time of Figure 2, the disconnected precipitation patterns evident in Figure 1 had coalesced into a somewhat comma shape, commonly found with mature cyclonic systems. Ahead of the AMS Weather Studies CWS 7 - 5 - SP23 approaching cold front (St. Louis, MO) and ahead of the warm front (Chicago, IL) stations reported light and moderate rain respectively. 7. In contrast to the line of heavy precipitation (likely thunderstorms) ahead of the cold front in Illinois and behind the warm front, frozen precipitation was observed at 21Z in Figure 2, as indicated by the stations at Rapid City, SD, Aberdeen, SD, and Minneapolis, MN. Specifically, in North Platte, NE the frozen precipitation was a bit more unique. What type of precipitation or present weather condition [+] was observed in North Platte? a. Heavy sleet b. Freezing rain c. Blowing snow d. Light snow Radar reflectivity colors in Figure 1 and Figure 2 indicate where the radars detected precipitation. The intensities of the echoes (measured in dBZ) according to the scale at the left edge of the map, were related to precipitation rates with more intense rainfall in oranges and yellows and less intense rainfall in green. 8. In Illinois on Figure 2, some of the reported radar reflectivities were observed in the range of dBZ, indicating a high concentration of precipitation. a. 20 b. 30 c. 55 d. 75 Figure 3. Remotely sensed lower tropospheric water vapor concentration from GOES-16 on 12Z22 FEB 2023. [College of DuPage] In Figure 3, there was an extensive area of white to green from northeast Oklahoma into the southern Great Lakes. This coincided with the Figure 1 fronts in the eastern U.S. as southerly winds brought warm moist air from the Gulf into the region and it ascended along and ahead of the fronts, lifting and becoming saturated. Watch the animation to see the atmospheric dynamics in play during this weather event. 9. Bright white to green in Figure 3 . match the orientation and progression of the fronts from Figure 1 and Figure 2. a. do b. do not 10. There was evidence of a high-pressure system pushing into southern California along the Mexican border in Figures 1 and 2 with much ___ moisture content (represented in Figure 3 by the yellow in the area). There is evidence of another surface high pressure in Figures 1 and 2 in the Southeast. While the surface moisture content may be somewhat high with high dewpoints, the air aloft is relatively dry. a. less b. more 11. The Southeast. high mentioned in \#10 likely has a low-level inversion capping surface moisture, not allowing it to mix upward in Figure 1. Evidence of this can be found with numerous stations (e.g., Shreveport and New Orleans, LA and Jacksonville, FL) along the Gulf Coast reporting a. rain b. fog c. drizzle d. sky obst.

1. Fronts were analyzed 3 hrs prior (18Z).
It can be difficult to discern the current weather symbols for many of the stations enveloped
within the moderate-to-heavy precipitation in both Figure 1 and Figure 2. By the time of Figure
2, the disconnected precipitation patterns evident in Figure 1 had coalesced into a somewhat
comma shape, commonly found with mature cyclonic systems. Ahead of the AMS Weather
Studies CWS 7 - 5 - SP23 approaching cold front (St. Louis, MO) and ahead of the warm front
(Chicago, IL) stations reported light and moderate rain respectively. 7. In contrast to the line of
heavy precipitation (likely thunderstorms) ahead of the cold front in Illinois and behind the warm
front, frozen precipitation was observed at 21Z in Figure 2, as indicated by the stations at Rapid
City, SD, Aberdeen, SD, and Minneapolis, MN. Specifically, in North Platte, NE the frozen
precipitation was a bit more unique. What type of precipitation or present weather condition [+]
was observed in North Platte? a. Heavy sleet b. Freezing rain c. Blowing snow d. Light snow
Radar reflectivity colors in Figure 1 and Figure 2 indicate where the radars detected
precipitation. The intensities of the echoes (measured in dBZ) according to the scale at the left
edge of the map, were related to precipitation rates with more intense rainfall in oranges and
yellows and less intense rainfall in green. 8. In Illinois on Figure 2, some of the reported radar
reflectivities were observed in the range of dBZ, indicating a high concentration of precipitation.
a. 20 b. 30 c. 55 d. 75
Figure 3. Remotely sensed lower tropospheric water vapor concentration from GOES-16 on
12Z22 FEB 2023. [College of DuPage] In Figure 3, there was an extensive area of white to green
from northeast Oklahoma into the southern Great Lakes. This coincided with the Figure 1 fronts
in the eastern U.S. as southerly winds brought warm moist air from the Gulf into the region and
it ascended along and ahead of the fronts, lifting and becoming saturated. Watch the animation to
see the atmospheric dynamics in play during this weather event. 9. Bright white to green in
Figure 3 . match the orientation and progression of the fronts from Figure 1 and Figure 2. a. do b.
do not 10. There was evidence of a high-pressure system pushing into southern California along
the Mexican border in Figures 1 and 2 with much ___ moisture content (represented in Figure 3
by the yellow in the area). There is evidence of another surface high pressure in Figures 1 and 2
in the Southeast. While the surface moisture content may be somewhat high with high
dewpoints, the air aloft is relatively dry. a. less b. more
11. The Southeast. high mentioned in #10 likely has a low-level inversion capping surface
moisture, not allowing it to mix upward in Figure 1. Evidence of this can be found with
numerous stations (e.g., Shreveport and New Orleans, LA and Jacksonville, FL) along the Gulf

2. Coast reporting a. rain b. fog c. drizzle d. sky obstruction
Departure from Normal Precipitation (in) 1/1/20232/26/2023 Generated ZLZL/ZUZS at HrRCL
using provisional data. Figure 5. High Plains Regional Climate Center (HPRCC) climate map
with contours of precipitation anomalies from 1 January to 26 February 2023 . There are varying
regions of above and below normal values, sometimes in close proximity. [ACIS]
3. In Figure 5 , there is a stripe of anomalous precipitation across the central portion of the state
of Arkansas. How many inches above normal is this striped region, compared to normal for this
time of year? a. 13 in. b. 3-6 in. c. 48 in. d. 812 in.