Simple, Complex, and Compound Sentences Exercises.pdf
Religiosity impact on health of being a transcendental phenomenological approach, m saleem
1. Religiosity Impact on Health of
Being: A Transcendental
Phenomenological Approach
Dr Karim Dad
Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan
Muhammad Saleem
Air University, Islamabad
2. Introduction
Religion is the acknowledgment of a superhuman controlling
power (Nwachukwu & Asongu, 2014).
Transcendental Phenomenology
Two approaches to phenomenology were highlighted by Cresswell
in his book on Qualitiative Research Methodology.
1. hermeneutic phenomenology (van Manen, 1990)
2. Empirical, transcendental, or psychological phenomenology
(Moustakas, 1994).
3. Introduction
Phenomenology is a philosophy, a methodology or an approach to
study or research. There are several types of phenomenology that
overlap philosophy and methodology (Langdridge 2007).
In principle, phenomenology focuses on peoples’ perceptions of the
world or the perception of the ‘things in their appearing’ (Langdridge
2007)
4. Introduction
Transcendental phenomenology is based on principles identified by
Husserl (1931) and was translated into a qualitative method by
Moustakas (1994).
All phenomenological approaches seek to understand the life world or
human experience as it is lived.
Moustakas’s (1994) transcendental or psychological phenomenology is
focused less on the interpretations of the researcher and more on a
description of the experiences of participants.
5. To investigate the role religion in healthy life.
To analyse the discourse of graduates for religiosity
influences on their psyche.
Objectives
6. Transcendental phenomenological (TPh)
(Moustakas, 1994 & Husserl 1931)
Chosen to access humans’ experiences—including
Perception
Memory
Reflection
Decision
This theoretical framework enables one to broaden
understanding of the experienced phenomenon.
Theoretical Framework
7. Methodology
Data collection Interviews
Population: District Mardan, KP
Random Sampling
Participants- 20 (Male & Female)
Graduates
8. Analyses
Analyses made on three levels as below:
Perception
‘zama pa hayal jwand ki sa nashta’
‘kala kala soch kom nu deer tang sham’
‘Aw mazhab aw fiqawariyat ba kam kam manu’
Memory
‘di mazhab ta pa nizdkat bandi rana tool wapas eer sho, che sa wakam aw
sang okam’
Decision
‘yara nu kama kama khbara omanu aw sang ye omanu’
‘makhki makhki ba pa mi har da din kar pa shauwaq kaw’
9. Discussion
The integration of too much notions in terms of religion made the
graduates confused about living their life smoothly.
The exposure to other religious sects in premature stage could be the
reason for the dissatisfaction of graduates mental health.
Those graduates, who are on single path in religion showed satisfaction
in their discourse.
10. Findings
Fifteen participants were affected (positively & negatively) by the
religious believes which they have incorporated in their lives.
Ten participants were deeply attached with religion believes and
use religion for their health safety.
Nineteen participants showed that the memory is affected by
religiosity.
Sixteen participants were weak at decision making in dimensions
of their lives due to religious thoughts.
11. Conclusion
Religion has an impact on mental health.
Graduates showed their strong and weak attachment with religion
which signifies religiosity interference in live.
Mental health has attachment with spirituality and spirituality is
near t0 religious or other life principles.
12. References
Asongu, S. A., & Nwachukwu, J. C., (2014a). “Revolution empirics: predicting the
Arab Spring”, African Governance and Development Institute Working Paper No.
14/032.Kesgin, N., & Arslan, M. (2015).
Bogdan, R. and Taylor, S. J.: Introduction to qualitative research methods – a
phenomenological approach to the social sciences, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (1975).
Barnacle, R.: Phenomenology and wonder. In: Barnacle, R. (ed.) Phenomenology,
RMIT University Press (2001)
Hein, S. F., & Austin, W. J. (2001). Empirical and hermeneutic approaches to
phenomenological research in psychology: A comparison. Psychological methods,
6(1), 3.
Langdridge, D.: Phenomenological psychology: theory, research and method,
Pearson Education Ltd (2007
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Sage.
Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In R. S. Valle & S.
Halling (Eds.) Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology. pp. 41-60.
New York: Plenum Press.
von Eckartsberg, R.: Introducing existential-phenomenological psychology. In: Valle,
R. (ed.) Phenomenological Inquiry in Psychology: existential and transpersonal
dimensions, Plenum Press (1998).