This document provides examples and rules for using different modal verbs in Hindi such as can, could, shall, will, need, would, must, ought to, dare, began to, has to/have to, is to/are to/am to and was to/were to. It gives the formula and identifies the context in which each modal verb is used such as ability, permission, obligation, future, past habit, request, suggestion etc. Sample sentences are provided to illustrate the use of each modal verb along with their translations. Exercises with answers in translation are also given for practice.

1. Model verbs
Use of Can
igpku & ldrk gS] ldrh gS] ldrs gSaA
Formula - Sub + can + VI + obj.
Rule - tc okD; esa 'kfDr] lkeF;Z] ;ksX;rk] lykg vkSj vf/kdkj (Ability, Power,
Permission, Right) dk Hkko vk;s rks can dk use djrs gSaA
Sentences : -
1. eSa vc py ldrk gw¡A I can walk now.
2. vc vki tk ldrs gSaA You can go now.
3. jke vc bl iqLrd dks i<+ ldrk gSA Ram can raed now this book.
4. eSa vkt rqEgkjh lgk;rk dj ldrk gw¡A I can help you today.
5. og vc cgqr rst nkSM+rk gSA He can run fast now.
Exercise:
1. eSa ;g dke dj ldrk gw¡A
2. og pkj feuV esa ,d ehy nkSM+ ldrk gSA
3. rqe eq>s ugha ihV ldrs gksA
4. og dqN ugha dj ldrk gSA
5. og dgha ugha tk ldrk gSA
6. og dHkh ugha vk ldrk gSA
7. og fdlh ls ugha dg ldrk gSA
8. rqe ogka ugha tk ldrs gksA
9. os fdrus vke [kk ldrs gSa
10. D;k ;g FkksM+k rst nkSM+ ldrk gS
11. og dgka tk ldrk gS
12. D;k vki eq>s nl :i;s ds [kqYys ns ldrs gSa
13. dkSu dg ldrk gS fd dy D;k gksxk
14. D;k vki crk ldrs gSa fd bl lTtuksa esa dkSu izkpk;Z gS
Translation:
1. I can do this work.
2. He can run one mile within for minutes.
3. You cannot beat me.

2. 4. He cannot do anything.
5. He cannot go anywhere.
6. He can never come.
7. He cannot say with any body.
8. You cannot go there.
9. How many mangoes can they eat?
10. Can this horse run little fast?
11. Where can he go?
12. Can you give me change of ten rupees?
13. Who can say what will happen tomorrow?
14. Can you tell who is principal among these gentleman?
Use of Could
igpku & okD; ds var esa ldrk Fkk] ldrh Fkh] ldrs Fks] ldk] ldh] lds vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + could + VI + obj.
Rule - Ability, Inability, Power, Permission, polite, Requst vk;s rks could
use djrs gSaA
Sentences : -
1. og dy rst ugha nkSM+ ldkA He could not run fast yesterday.
2. D;k 'ksj HksfM+;s dks ekj ldrk Fkk Could lion kill the fox?
3. egkjk.kk izrki dk psrd cgqr rst nkSM+
ldrk FkkA
Chetak of the Maharana Pratap could run
very fast.
4. D;k Hkhe gkFkh dks ekj ldrk Fkk Could Bheem kil the elephant?
5. D;k rqEgkjs HkkbZ dy ;gk¡ vk ldrs Fks Could your brother come here yesterday?
Exercise:
1. og vPNs ls i<+ ldsrh Fkh tc og cPph FkhA
2. og dfBu ifjJe djrk Fkk ysfdu buke ugha thr ldkA
3. MkWDVj us dgk fd og dqN Hkh [kk ldrk FkkA
4. D;k rqe lgh le; crk ldrs Fks
5. ;fn eSaus dksf'k'k dh rks eSa ;g le gy dj ldrk Fkk
6. D;k 'kke dks vki ls eqykdkr gks ldrh gS
7. D;k ,d ?kaVs ds fy, ;g iqLrdsa eq>s fey ldrh gSa
Translation:

3. 1. She could read well when she was child.
2. He worked hard but could not win prize.
3. Doctor said that he could eat anything.
4. Could you tell right time?
5. If I tried I could solve this problem.
6. Could you meet in the evening?
7. Could I get this book for one hour?
Use of Used to
Formula - Sub + used to + VI + obj.
Rule - xr fnup;kZ] nksgjkbZ xbZ fØ;k] ifjR;Dr vknr (Past routine, Repeated
Action, A discontinued habit) vkfn dk Hkko vkrk gS rks Used to use
djrs gSaA
Sentences : -
1. She used to spend her holidays with her parents?
2. You used to look after your business.
3. The child is not used to talk with strangers.
4. You will praise his quiet nature when you get used to him.
5. I am used to driving long distances.
Use of Shall
Formula - Sub + shall + VI + obj.
Rule - iw.kZr;k ;k fo'kq) Hkfo";] opu] fu'p;] vkKk ;k /kedh] lq>ko] ck/;rk]
izLrko] vkKk ;k lykg gsrq izkFkZuk (Pure future, Promise, Dtermination,
Order or Threat, Suggestion, Obligation, Offers/Request for orders
or Advice) vkfn dk Hkko vkrk gS rks Shall use djrs gSaA
Sentences : -
1. We shall be very glad if you will come to tea.
2. Where shall I put this gas cylinder, sir?
3. Shall I look after your luggage?
4. Shall I get you a glass of water?

4. 5. You shall get all the facilities.
6. Shall the poen bring these files to your residence?
Use of Will
igpku & okD; ds var esa xk] xh] xs vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + will + VI + obj.
Rule - iw.kZr;k Hkfo";] bPNk] fu'p;] iwNrkN] fuea=.k] Hkfo"; dky laca/kh] /kedh]
laHkkouk] opu] izkFkZuk] vkKk (Pure future, Wish, Determnation, Inquiry,
Invitation, futurity, Threat) vkfn dk Hkko vkrk gS rks Must use djrs gSaA
Sentences : -
1. Will you have a cup of tea?
2. Will you dine with us tonight?
3. Will you close the door?
4. Will you convey to him my message?
5. He will consume at least ten cups of tea in a day.
6. A horse will usually remain loyal to his master.
7. If you will forgive me, I promise never to do it again.
Use of Need and Needn't
igpku & okD; esa vko';drk dk Hkko vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + need + VI + obj.
Rule - Ned is used in the negative and in the interrogative sentneces. It is
used to express necessity or obligation.
Sentences : -
1. He needn't go to the doctor.
2. You needn't get up so early.
3. I needn't have brought my umbrella.
4. I didn't need to bring my umbrella.
Use of Would
igpku & okD; ds var esa rk Fkk] rh Fks] rs Fks] xk] xh] xs vkrk gSA

5. Formula - Sub + would + VI + obj.
Rule - Would is used to express a habitual activity to make a polite request
wish preference importable or unreal condition.
Sentences:
1. fgekuh us dgk fd og xkft;kckn tk;sxhA
2. rqeus dgk fd rqe fot; dh enn ugha djksxsA
3. D;k vki bl dk;Z dks djksxsA
4. d`i;k bl fjiksVZ dks if<+,A
5. D;k vki lkeku ys tkus esa esjh enn djksxs
6. og esjs iz'u dk tokc ugha nsxkA
7. esjk fe= esjh enn ugha djsxkA
8. og ogk¡ ij 'kke dks tk;k djrk FkkA
9. D;k vki lkeku ys tkus esa esjh enn djsaxs
10. esjh fe= esjh enn ugha djsxkA
11. 'kfuokj ds fnu lqcg dks eSa vius ?kj pyk tk;k djrk FkkA
12. mldk viuk rjhdk gqvk djrk FkkA
13. mlus dgk og gekjs fy, lcls vPNk djsxkA
14. eSa ,slk fd;k djrk vxj eSa rqe gksrkA
Translation:
1. Himani said, she would go to Gaziabad.
2. You said that you would not help Vijay.
3. Would you do this work?
4. Please would you like to read this report?
5. Would you help me to carry luggage?
6. He would not replay my question.
7. My friend would not help me.
8. He would go there evening.
9. Would you help me to carry my luggage?
10. My friend woud not help me.
11. I would go to my house on Sunday morning.
12. He would have his own way.
13. He said, he would do the best for us.
14. I would do if I were you.

6. Use of Must
Formula - Sub + must + VI + obj.
Rule - ck/;rk] etcwjh] vko';d (Duty, obligation, Determination, Possibility)
vkfn dk Hkko vkrk gS rks Must use djrs gSaA
Sentences:
1. rqEgsa vo'; ,d fxykl nw/k ihuk pkfg,A
2. rqEgsa vo'; lqcg tYnh mBuk pkfg,A
3. gesa vo'; ;g ckr Lohdkj djuh pkfg,A
4. jke dks vo'; jko.k dks ekjuk pkfg,A
5. rqEgsa esjk lEeku fuf'pr djuk pkfg,A
6. rqEgsa iSlk t:j dekuk pkfg,A
7. gesa ;gk¡ t:j vkuk pkfg,A
8. gesa viuk drZO; fuHkkuk pkfg,A
9. gesa HkVds gq, dks jkLrk fn[kkuk pkfg,A
10. eSa ogka t:j tkmaxkA
11. rqEgsa ?kj vo'; tkuk pkfg,A
12. vkidks le;kuqlkj dk;Z djuk pkfg,A
13. gesa lM+d ds fu;eksa dk ikyu vo'; djuk pkfg,A
14. eq>s vius HkkbZ dh 'kknh esa t:j tkuk pkfg,A
15. rqEgsa vius cM+ksa dh ulhgr ij pyuk pkfg,A
Use of Ought to:
igpku & okD; ds pkfg, var esa
Formula - Sub + ought to + VI + obj.
Rule - uSfrd ck/;rk] v/;;u ds vk/kkj ij fo'okl (Moral Obligation, Belief
Based on study) vkfn dk Hkko vkrk gS rks Ought to use djrs gSaA
Sentences:
1. gesa ekrk firk ds pj.k Li'kZ djus pkfg,A
2. gesa esgekuksa dk Lokxr djuk pkfg,A
3. rqEgsa viuh ftEesnkjh le>uh pkfg,A
4. gesa Hkfo"; ds fy, iSls tksM+us pkfg,A
5. gesa cM+ksa dk gqDe ekuuk pkfg,A
6. gesa nwljksa dks lrkuk ugha pkfg,A

7. 7. gesa nwljksa dh fuank ugha djuh pkfg,A
8. gesa xjhcksa dks f'k{kk nsuh pkfg,A
9. gesa vius vk/;kidksa dk lEeku djuk pkfg,A
10. gesa vius ns'k dh j{kk djuh pkfg,A
11. rqEgsa vius o`) ekrk firk dh ns[kHkky djuh pkfg,A
12. gesa vius ns'k ls I;kj djuk pkfg,A
Use of Ought to have:
igpku & okD; ds var esa pkfg, Fkk vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + ought to + VIII + obj.
Sentences:
1. rqEgsa vius f'k{kdksa dk vknj djuk pkfg, FkkA You ought to have respected
your teachers.
2. rqEgsa viuh eka dh lsok djuh pkfg, FkhA
3. mls vius eka cki dk dguk ekuuk pkfg, FkkA
4. vehjksa dks xjhcksa dh enn djuh pkfg, FkhA
5. gesa vius cPpksa dh ns[kHkky djuh pkfg, FkhA
6. cgw dks viuh lkl ds iSj Nwus pkfg, FksA
7. ekrk firk dks vius cPpksa dh Hkkoukvksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg, FkkA
1 : Use of Dare : DAre is used in neagtive and interrogative sentences
2 : Formula : Sub + dare not + V + obj.
1. esjh mls crkus dh fgEer ugha gSA
2. esjh ,slk dne mBkus dh fgEer ugha gSA
Use of began to:
igpku & okd; ds var esa yxk yxh yxs vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + began to + VI + obj.
Sentences - ge vc English cksyus yxs og vc ekrk firk dk dguk ekuus yxk gSA
Use of has to have to:
igpku & okD; ds var esa u gS] uh gS] us gSa vkSj iM+rk gS] iM+rh gS] iM+rs gSa vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + has to/have to + VI + obj.

8. bu Sentence esa ck/;rk vkSj etcwjh dk Hkko vkrk gSA
1. eq>s dke djuk iM+rk gSA
2. gesa vaxzsth i<+kuh iM+rh gSA
3. mls lqcg tYnh mBuk iM+rk gSA
4. lfpu dks eSp [ksyuk iM+rk gSA
5. yM+fd;ksa dks ckyksa esa esagnh yxkuh iM+rh gSA
In past use of had to:
igpku & okD; ds var esa iM+rk Fkk] iM+rh Fkh] iM+rs Fks] iM+k] iM+h] iM+s vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + had to + VI + obj.
bu Sentence esa ck/;rk vkSj etcwjh dk Hkko vkrk gSA
1. cPpksa dks dfork i<+uh iM+hA
2. eq>s ;gk¡ vkuk iM+kA
3. rqes ;g dke djuk iM+kA
4. yM+fd;ksa dks iwtk djuh iM+hA
5. eq>s ozr djuh iM+hA
6. rqEgsa fdrkc fy[kuh iM+hA
Use of is to, are to, am to:
igpku & okD; ds var uk gS] uh gS] us gSa vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + is to , are to, am to + about to + obj.
Sub + was to , were to + about to + obj.
1. eq>s cktkj tkuk gSA
2. eq>s dy fØdsV [ksyuk gSA
3. eq>s dy fjglZ djuh FkhA
4. rqEgsa dy ogka tkuk FkkA
Use of about to:
igpku & okD; ds var esa okyh gS] okys gSa vkrk gSA
Formula - Sub + is, are, am + about to + VI + obj.
1. Vªsu vkus okyh gSA
2. cPpk tkxus okyk gSA
3. ;g ejht ejus okyk gSA

9. 4. rqe >wB cksyus okys gksA
5. os mls lrkus okys gSaA
Formula - It + is + Obj [time/way] + to + VI + obj.
1. ;g [ksyus dk le; gSA
2. ;g rjDdh djus dk le; gSA
3. ;g i<+us dk le; gSA
4. ;g nkSM+us dk le; ugha gSA
5. ;g >xM+us dk le; ugha gSA
6. ;g jksus dk le; ugha gSA
7. ;g :i;k dekus dk jkLrk gSA
8. ;g lQyrk ikus dk jkLrk gSA
Formula - Sub + is/are/am + as adj as + noun
1. og bruh dkyh gS ftruk dks;ykA
2. esjh iRuh bruh lqanj gS ftruk pk¡nA
Formula - Sub + has/have + been + noun/VI + ing
1. vfHk"ksd ,d egku vfHkusrk jgk gSA
2. og [ksyrh jgh gSA
3. ,s'o;kZ mls mYyw cukrh jgh gSA
4. og ,d esgurh O;fDr jgk gSA
5. vkt ckfj'k gks jgh gSA
Formula - Sub + did not + VI + obj + nor +will/can + sub.
1. eSaus [kkuk ugha [kk;k vkSj [kkšxk Hkh ughaA
2. rqeus ;g dke ugha fd;k vkSj djksxs Hkh ughaA
3. geus xkM+h ugha pykbZ vkSj pyk;saxs Hkh ughaA
4. rqeus esjh enn ugha dh vkSj dj Hkh ugha ldsA
5. eSaus ikik dk dguk ugha ekuk vkSj eku Hkh ugha ldrkA
6. eSa mlls ckr djrk ugha gw¡ vkSj d:¡xk Hkh ughaA
Formula - Sub + can + VI + obj + provided that + sub + VII + obj.
1. eSa ;g dke dj ldrk gw¡ c'krsZ rqe eq>s ekSdk nksA
2. eSa nqckjk /kwe 2 ns[k ldrk gw¡ c'krsZ rqe esjh fVfdV nksA

10. 3. eSa xkuk xk ldrk gw¡ c'krsZ rqe rkyh ctkvksA
4. eSa dksfpax pyk ldrk gw¡ c'krsZ rqe esjh enn djksA
5. ge mlls 'kknh dj ldrs gks c'krsZ mlds ikik ngst nsaA
Formula - Sub + do/does + VI + obj.
1. eSa vaxzsth cksyrk rks gw¡A
2. rqe ;g dke djrs rks gksA
3. og xkM+h pykrh rks gSA
4. eSa vaxzsth i<+krk rks gw¡A
5. og fdrkc i<+rk rks gSA
Formula - Sub + did + VI + obj.
1. eSa Ldwy x;k rks FkkA
Formula - Never before + Sub + did + VI + such + obj.
1. eSaus ,slk [kkuk igys dHkh ugha [kk;kA
2. eSaus ,slh Hkk"kk igys dHkh ugha cksyhA
3. rqeus ,slk dke igys dHkh ugha fd;kA
4. geus ,slh fdrkcv igys dHkh ugha i<+hA
5. eSaus ,slh ckrsa igys dHkh ugha lquhA
6. rqeus ,slh fiDpj igys dHkh ugha ns[khA
Formula - Sub + is/am/are + fond of + VI + ing + obj.
1. eSa pk; ihus dk 'kkSdhu gw¡A
2. rqe vaxzsth cksyus ds 'kkSdhu gksA
3. og dke dk 'kkSdhu gSaA
4. eSa dkj pykus dk 'kkSdhu gw¡A
5. rqe ukSdjh ds 'kkSdhu gksA
Formula - Now + Sub + VI + s/es + now + sub + VI + s/es
1. cPpk dHkh jksrk gS rks og dHkh galrk gSA
2. og dHkh vkrh gS og dHkh tkrh gSA
3. rqe dHkh [kkrs gks rqe dHkh lksrs gksA
4. eSa dHkh i<+rk gw¡] eSa dHkh dekrk gw¡A
5. rqe dHkh fy[krs gks] rqe dHkh QkM+rs gksA
6. pksj dHkh lp cksyrk gS rks og dHkh >wB cksyrk gSA

11. Formula - As far as + Sub + is/am/are + concerned + sentence
1. tgk¡ rd esjk loky gS ,d lH; ?kjkus ls laca/k j[krk gw¡A
2. tgk¡ rd rqe lc dk loky gS rqe lc esjs NksVs HkkbZ cgu gksA
3. tgka rd vaxzsth dk loky gS] ;g gekjh lQyrk dk lcls cM+k lk/ku gSA
4. tgka rd ,s'o;kZ dk loky gS og ,d fnu vfHk"ksd dks Hkh ew[kZ cuk nsxhA