Control statement of c language. Discuss if,if else,nested if,switch,goto

1. CONTROL STATEMENT

3. Conditional statements in C programming
1. if statement
2. if-else statement
3. nested if-else statement
4. switch statement
5. goto statement

4. if STATEMENT:
Syntax:
if (condition) {
statements
}

5. Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 20;
int y = 22;
if (x<y) {
printf("Variable x is less than y");
}
if (x>y) {
printf("Variable x is greater than y");
}
}
//try this x and y value input

6. If-else STATEMENT:
Syntax:
if (condition)
{ statement
}
else
{
statement
}

7. Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int number;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d",&number); // True (if remainder is 0)
if (number % 2 == 0)
printf("%d is an even integer.",number);
else
printf("%d is an odd integer.",number);
return 0;
}

8. nested if-else STATEMENT:
 Syntax:
if (condition1)
{ statements}
else if(condition2)
{ statements }
else if (condition3)
{ statements }
. .
else
{statements }

9. if (condition)
{
Statements
}
if (condition)
{
statement
}
else
{
statement
}
if (condition1)
{ statements}
else if(condition2)
{ statements }
else if (condition3)
{ statements }
. .
else
{statements }

10. Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 20;
int y = 22;
int z = 23;
if (x>y&&x>z)
{printf("Variable x=%d is greater than all value",x);}
else if (y>z&&y>x)
{printf("Variable y=%d is greater than all value",y);}
else
{printf("Variable z=%d is greater than all value",z);}
}

11. Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch ;
scanf("%c",&ch);
if (ch == 'A’ || ch=='E'||ch=='I'||ch=='O'||ch=='U')
{printf("%c is capital leter VOWEL",ch);}
else if (ch=='a'||ch=='e'||ch=='i'||ch=='o'||ch=='u')
{printf("%c small leter VOWEL",ch);}
else
{printf("%c is not vowel",ch);}
}

12. switch statement:
 Syntax:
switch (n)
{ case constant1:
// executed if n is equal to constant1;
break;
case constant2:
// executed if n is equal to constant2;
break; . . .
default:
executed if n doesn't match any constant }

13. Example:

14. Example:
# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ char operator;
float first,second;
printf("Enter an operator (+, -): ");
scanf("%c", &operator);
printf("Enter two operands: ");
scanf("%f %f",&first, &second);
switch(operator)
{ case '+':
printf("%f + %f = %f",first, second, first+second);
break;
case '-':
printf("%f - %f = %f",first, second, first-second);
break; //try for (* and /) operator
default:
printf("Error! operator is not correct"); }
return 0; }

15. goto statement:
 Syntax:
goto label;
... ..
... ...
.. ...
label:
statement;

16. #include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
int x;
float p;
level:
scanf("%d", &x);
if (x < 0)
goto level;
p = sqrt(x);
printf("%f", p);
}
Example:

17. break,goto,continue use: