1. 1 . I F S T A T E M E N T
2 . S W I T C H S T A T E M E N T
3 . C O N D I T I O N A L O P E R A T O R S T A T E M E N T
4 . G O T O S T A T E M E N T
Decision Making & Branching
2. TYPES OF IF STATEMET
The if statement is implemented indifferent
forms depending on the complexity of
conditions to betested:
• Simple if statement
• if…..elsestatement
• Nested if…..else statement
• Else if ladder
4. FLOW CHART OF SIMPLE IF
Statemet - Block
Entry
True
Test expression?
False
Statement-x
Next Statement
5. W.A.P to display a number if user enters negative number
If user enters positive number, that number won't be
displayed
intmain()
{
int number;
printf("Enter an integer:");
scanf("%d", &number);
// Testexpression is true if number is less than 0
if (number < 0)
{
printf("You entered %d.n", number);
}
printf(“Enter positive number.");
return0;
}
Output1
Enter an integer:-2
You entered -2.
Enter Positive number
7. IF – ELSE STATEMENT
The if….elsestatement isan extensionof the simple if statement.
The general formis:
if(test-expression)
{
True-block statement(s);
}
else
{
False-block statement(s);
}
Statement-x;
8. FLOWCHART OF IF - ELSE
True-Block Statements
Entry
Test expression?
TrueFalse
Statement-x
Next Statement
False-Block Statements
11. W.A.P to check whether person
is eligible for voting or not
12. Program to check number is
divisible by 5 and 11
int main()
{
int num;
/* Reads number from user */
printf("Enter any number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
if((num % 5 == 0) && (num % 11 == 0))
{
printf("Number is divisible by 5 and 11");
}
else
{
printf("Number is not divisible by 5 and 11");
}
return 0;
}
13. Program to find maximum of 2 nos
intmain()
{
int num1, num2; printf("Enter two
numbers:");
scanf("%d%d", &num1, &num2);
if(num1 > num2)
{
// True part means num1 >num2
printf("%d is maximum", num1);
}
else
{
// False part means num1 <num2
printf("%d is maximum", num2);
}
return0;
}
15. FLOW CHART OF NESTED IF - ELSE
Test condition 1?
Entry
True
False
Statement-3
Test condition 2?
Statement-1
Statement-x
Next Statement
Statement-2
TrueFalse
16. W.A.P to check whether two
numbers are >,<,= or !=
int var1, var2;
printf("Input the value of var1:");
scanf("%d", &var1);
printf("Input the value of var2:");
scanf("%d",&var2);
if (var1 !=var2)
{
printf("var1 is not equal to var2");
//Below – if-else is nested inside another if block
if (var1 >var2)
{
printf("var1 is greater than var2");
}
else
{
printf("var2 is greater than var1");
}
}
else
{
printf("var1 is equal to var2");
}
17. W.A.P to find maximum of 3 nos
int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3, maximum;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d%d", &num1, &num2, &num3);
if(num1 > num2)
{
if(num1 > num3)
{
maximum = num1;
}
else
{
maximum = num3;
}
}
else
{
if(num2 > num3)
{
maximum = num2;
}
else
{
maximum = num3;
}
}
printf("Maximum among all three
numbers = %d", maximum);
return 0;
}
18. W.A.P to read three values from keyboard and print out the largest of them without using
if statement.
void main()
{
int x,y,z;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Three Numbers:--n");
scanf("%d %d %d",&x,&y,&z);
((x>y)&&(x>z))?printf("Largest is x :--
%d",x):((y>x)&&(y>z))?printf("Largest is y :-- %d",y):printf("Largest is z :-- %d",z);
}
Output:--
Enter Three Numbers:--
3 4 5
Largest is z :-- 5
21. Program to check whether 2 nos are
=,<,>,!=main(){
int var1,var2;
printf("Input the value ofvar1:");
scanf("%d", &var1);
printf("Input the value ofvar2:");
scanf("%d",&var2);
if (var1 ==var2)
{
printf("var1 is equal tovar2");
}
else if (var1 >var2)
{
printf("var1 is greater thanvar2");
}
else if (var2 > var1)
{
printf("var2 is greater thanvar1");
}
else
{
printf("var1 is not equal tovar2");
}}
22. Write a C program to check whether given character is a digit,
lowercase alphabet or an uppercase alphabet.
void main()
{
charch;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the character:");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))
printf("the number is %cdigit",ch);
else if((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))
printf("the character is %clowercase",ch);
else if((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))
printf("the character is %cuppercase",ch);
else
printf("thecharacter is %cothertype");
getch();
}
Output:
Enter the character:7
the number is 7 digit
Enter thecharacter:R
the character is Ruppercase
23. SWITCH STATEMENT
Switch ( expression ) //expression is any integerexpression orcharacters
{
case value-1 : //valuesare constantsorconstantexpressionsevaluableto an integral constant
block-1;
break;
case value-2 :
default:
block-2;
break;
//default is optional..executed when nocasevalue matches
default-block;
break;
}
Statement-x;
24. Implement a Calculator using Switch Case
void main()
{
int a, b, c, d, e, f, ch;
printf("Enter the first no. :");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter the second no. :");
scanf("%d", &b);
printf("Enterthechoiceas n 1.Addn 2.Sub
n 3.Multiplyn 4.Dividen");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch)
{
case1:
c=a+b;
printf("%d",c);
break;
case2:
d=a-b;
printf("%d",d);
break;
case 3:
e=a*b;
printf("%d", e);
break;
case 4:
f=a/b;
printf("%d", f);
break;
default:
printf("Wrong Input");
break;
}
getch();
}
25. Program to find number of days in a month using switch case
int main()
{
int month;
printf("Enter month number(1-12): ");
scanf("%d", &month);
switch(month)
{
case1:
case3:
case5:
case7:
case8:
case10:
case 12: printf("31days");
break;
case 4:
case 6:
case 9:
case 11: printf("30 days");
break;
case 2: printf("28/29 days");
break;
default: printf("Invalid input! Please enter
month number between 1-12");
}
return 0;
}
26. GOTO STATEMENT
If you want to jumpsome wherewithoutchecking
any condition thengoto is used.
statements;
gotolabel1;
Statements;
lable1 :
statements;
statements;
label1 :
statements;
goto label1;
Statements;
27. GoTo Example
intmain()
{
intage;
Vote:
printf("you are eligible forvoting");
NoVote:
printf("you are not eligibletovote");
printf("Enter yourage:");
scanf("%d", &age);
if(age>=18)
gotoVote;
else
gotoNoVote;
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter your age: 23
you are eligible for voting
Enter your age: 15
you are not eligible to vote