This document provides an overview of the adrenal gland and its functions. It begins with an introduction to endocrine glands and describes the location and shape of the adrenal glands. It then explains that the adrenal gland has two parts: the outer adrenal cortex and inner adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex is further divided into three layers that secrete different hormones. The document describes the hormones produced in each layer and their functions. It concludes by explaining that the adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to stimulation from the sympathetic nervous system.

1. WELCOME
SAJITHA S
ROLL NO:23

2. UNIT : THE CHEMISTRY BEHIND THE
RESPONSES
STANDARD: 10
OBJECTIVES : To understand about the
functions adrenal gland
TOPIC: ADRENAL GLAND

3. TOPIC : ADRENAL GLAND

4. ADRENAL GLAND & HORMONES

5. introduction
 Endocrine glands
 Suprarenal glands
 Sit at the top of the kidneys
 Right handed triangular shaped
 Left handed semilunar shaped
 responsible for releasing hormones

6. ADRENAL GLAND
Two distinct parts
 Outer adrenal cortex
 Inner adrenal medulla

8. Adrenal cortex
 Corticoids
 Divided into 3 layers
1. Zona glomerulosa(outer layer)
2. Zona fasciculata(middle layer)
3. Zona reticularis(inner layer)

9. Adrenal cortex
 Zona glomerulosa
 mineralocorticoids
 mainly aldosterone
 functions of aldosterone:
salt and water balance in body,
Reabsorb sodium iones and water,
Excretion of k+ and phosphate iones
 Deficiency:Addison’s disease

10. Adrenal cortex
 Zona fasciculata
 Gluco corticoids
 Cortisol, Cortisone, corticosterone
 Functions :
Increases blood glucose level,
Promote gluconeogenesis,
Stimulates RBC production,
Breaks down Protiens & Fats,
Stores glycogen in liver ,
Produces anti inflammatory reactions &
suppresses the immune response
 Cushing’s syndrome

11. Adrenal cortex
 Zona reticularis
 Gonado corticoids
 Androgen & Oestrogen
 Helps growth & functions of sex organs
 Masculinisation - females
 Gynaecomastia - males

12. ADRENAL MEDULLA
 Adrenaline & Noradrenaline
 Catecholamines
 Emergency hormones or Hormones of fight / flight
 Secreted in response to stimulation by sympathetic nerve
 Functions : Increases heart beat ,Increase Pupilary dilation
,Piloerection ,Sweating,Increase strength of heart
contraction & rate of respiration , Breakdown of glycogen
resulting in an increased concentration of glucose in blood,
Breakdown of lipids & proteins,Increase Blood
pressure,Increase blood supply to the extrimities

13. CONCLUSION
 They modulate the functioning of every tissues ,
organ , glands
 Have important effects on the way you think and feel
 Enable your body to deal with stress from every
possible source , ranging from injury and disease
 To keep your body’s reactions to stress in balance so
that they are appropriate and not harmful

14. QUESTIONS ?????............

15. Thank you