Each person lives in an aesthetic landscape that reflects the aggregate technological choices made by other people or organizations. Smelling the odor of bread baking or meat grilling can rev the appetite, or the neighbor s lawn mower may or may not be distracting to you depending upon how early or how late the mower is operated. The 1960s and 1970s saw many grey days in the Northeast due to the factory exhaust emissions. There was a stretch of Interstate 75 just south of downtown Dayton that saw heavy clouds cover the highway and obstructed vision from the smoke stacks of the county south incinerator and a power plant located along the eastern and western berms of the highway. So the symbols of progress, affluence, and technological convenience of one generation, became associated with caustic air, disease, and various forms of pollution. Spill-over effects might impact consumer decisions - although most people might opt for convenience rather than conservation as an immediate goal. Depending upon the costs, society often selects the least inconvenient alternative over good sense conservation. When designing any type of building - the architect must have some idea of what functional activities will be carried out in the structure, and therefore plot out the building accordingly. A hospital erected in the late 20th century in Ohio was an interesting addition to the skyline. From the outside. one could not really tell how many patient floors were in the building. Part of the design included service floors - where various utilities pipes and lines were run so they would not obstruct passage on patient floors. Tubes and connections were accessible below the rooms, and up through the walls so that in rare cases if service were needed, it could be done without disturbing the patients. Instructions Recent audit results revealed several data errors associated with hospital encounters of patients who speak English as a second language. Create a scenario that illustrates what could happen if patient identity management and language access policies are not followed. Explain errors that could occur due the MPI infrastructure, misconduct of medical staff, lack of a translator being present, and any other possible event(s). Your scenario should cover a full hospital encounter starting from patient registration to patient discharge. For each error, (1) evaluate the healthcare standards and/or laws that specifically address patient information, privacy, and language access policies, and (2) recommend a solution. Requirements · Write a 3-page scenario that covers patient identity management, privacy, and language access policies. The rationalization process is the practical application of knowledge to achieve a desired end. It leads to efficiency, coordination, and control over both the physical and the social environment. It is a product of "scientific specialization and technical differentiation" that seems to be a characteristic of Western culture ( ...

1. Each person lives in an aesthetic landscape that reflects the
aggregate technological choices made by other people or
organizations. Smelling the odor of bread baking or meat
grilling can rev the appetite, or the neighbor s lawn mower may
or may not be distracting to you depending upon how early or
how late the mower is operated.
The 1960s and 1970s saw many grey days in the Northeast due
to the factory exhaust emissions. There was a stretch of
Interstate 75 just south of downtown Dayton that saw heavy
clouds cover the highway and obstructed vision from the smoke
stacks of the county south incinerator and a power plant located
along the eastern and western berms of the highway. So the
symbols of progress, affluence, and technological convenience
of one generation, became associated with caustic air, disease,
and various forms of pollution.
Spill-over effects might impact consumer decisions - although
most people might opt for convenience rather than conservation
as an immediate goal. Depending upon the costs, society often
selects the least inconvenient alternative over good sense
conservation.
When designing any type of building - the architect must have
some idea of what functional activities will be carried out in the
structure, and therefore plot out the building accordingly. A
hospital erected in the late 20th century in Ohio was an
interesting addition to the skyline. From the outside. one could
not really tell how many patient floors were in the building.
Part of the design included service floors - where various
utilities pipes and lines were run so they would not obstruct
passage on patient floors. Tubes and connections were
accessible below the rooms, and up through the walls so that in
rare cases if service were needed, it could be done without
disturbing the patients.

2. Instructions
Recent audit results revealed several data errors associated with
hospital encounters of patients who speak English as a second
language. Create a scenario that illustrates what could happen if
patient identity management and language access policies are
not followed. Explain errors that could occur due the MPI
infrastructure, misconduct of medical staff, lack of a translator
being present, and any other possible event(s). Your scenario
should cover a full hospital encounter starting from patient
registration to patient discharge. For each error, (1) evaluate the
healthcare standards and/or laws that specifically address
patient information, privacy, and language access policies, and
(2) recommend a solution. Requirements ·
Write a 3-page scenario that covers patient identity
management, privacy, and language access policies.
The rationalization process is the practical application of
knowledge to achieve a desired end. It leads to efficiency,
coordination, and control over both the physical and the social
environment. It is a product of "scientific specialization and
technical differentiation" that seems to be a characteristic of
Western culture (Freund, 1968). It is the guiding principle
behind bureaucracy and the increasing division of labor. It has
led to the unprecedented increase in both the production and
distribution of goods and services. It is also associated with
secularization, depersonalization, and oppressive routine.
Increasingly, human behavior is guided by observation,
experiment and reason (zweckrational) to master the natural and
social environment to achieve a desired end (Elwell, 1999).
Freund (1968: 18) defines it as "the organization of life through
a division and coordination of activities on the basis of exact
study of men's relations with each other, with their tools and
their environment, for the purpose of achieving greater
efficiency and productivity." Weber's general theory of
rationalization (of which bureaucratization is but a particular

3. case) refers to increasing human mastery over the natural and
social environment. In turn, these changes in social structure
have changed human character through changing values,
philosophies, and beliefs. Such superstructural norms and
values as individualism, efficiency, self-discipline, materialism,
and calculability (all of which are subsumed under Weber's
concept of zweckrational) have been encouraged by the
bureaucratization process.
Bureaucracy and rationalization were rapidly replacing all other
forms of organization and thought. They formed a stranglehold
on all sectors of Western society:
It is horrible to think that the world could one day be filled with
nothing but those little cogs, little men clinging to little jobs
and striving toward bigger ones--a state of affairs which is to be
seen once more, as in the Egyptian records, playing an ever
increasing part in the spirit of our present administrative
systems, and especially of its offspring, the students.
This passion for bureaucracy ...is enough to drive one to
despair. It is as if in politics. . . we were to deliberately to
become men who need "order" and nothing but order, become
nervous and cowardly if for one moment this order wavers, and
helpless if they are torn away from their total incorporation in
it.
That the world should know no men but these: it is in such an
evolution that we are already caught up, and the great question
is, therefore, not how we can promote and hasten it, but what
can we oppose to this machinery in order to keep a portion of
mankind free from this parceling-out of the soul, from this
supreme mastery of the bureaucratic way of life.(Note )
Rationalization is the most general element of Weber's theory.
He identifies rationalization with an increasing division of
labor, bureaucracy and mechanization (Gerth and Mills, 1946).
He associates it with depersonalization, oppressive routine,
rising secularism, as well as being destructive of individual
freedom (Gerth and Mills, 1946;Freund, 1968) .

4. Ref: Verstehen: The Sociology of Max Weber by Frank Elwell,
Rogers State University, available
@http://www.faculty.rsu.edu/users/f/felwell/www/Theorists/We
ber/SocOfWeber.htm
It is presumed that technology is powerful - polypotent in fact,
meaningpowerful in many ways. Often unintended or secondary
consequences occur. Some of the consequences may be latent
and intended! Recent demonstrations for a higher minimum
wage for fast-food workers may serve as an example. If the
franchise builds a new restaurant, and the labor pool is agitating
for higher pay, perhaps the owners will consider improvements
in the technology being fitted in the kitchen area and thereby
minimize the number of workers needed, thus lowering some
costs.
The same happens in manufacturing - unskilled, workers with
less experience, may be desirable in lieu of well-trained
workers who command higher pay and benefits. Boeing
Corporation has recently encountered lawsuits filed by unions
for moving some production from Washington state to North
Carolina. New factories, with state-of-the-art equipment, and
right to work laws may not make it necessary to have highly
skilled, union labor.
How has technology progressed and become such a potent force
in society? Use the example of simple construction tools such as
a roofer or carpenter using an ordinary hammer to pound nails.
In the early days of apprenticing, a young construction worker
learns about the texture and structural properties of materials.
Swinging the tool, he exercises and develops muscles (and
possibly even strains and illnesses in the joints). True, hand-eye
coordination should improve - but the caricature of a man
striking his finger rather than the nail head does come to mind!
The sound of the hammer hitting the nail head solidly and the
speed and number of successful strikes wins approval! The
rapport with his teacher/mentor has social effects - approval for

5. a job well learned and performed, or possibly disapproval for
careless choice of material or placement of the brad and a
damaged piece of wood, or bent brads which cannot be used.
Replace that simple tool with a technologically powered device
- whether one is using a hammer, screw driver, or saw - the
effect is essentially the same. More can be accomplished in a
given work day perhaps, but how reliable is the job, and what is
the quality of the workmanship? Have you not passed by
residential construction sites, and noticed the wood fascia
bowed out not attached securely, or strips of shingles popped up
on the roof? Power hammers have the nail brads loaded in the
device. A roofer may move from sheet of shingles to sheet of
shingles, a carpenter may attach more beams and they finish the
task quickly, but is quality and approval necessarily the result?
Technologies are governed by physical and political laws. For
example: automobiles, medical technologies and firearms are
regulated, and misuse can entail socially enforced penalties.
Ignoring basic laws of common, physical sense may find some
harm or damage befall he/she who would be reckless with their
use of technology. Sometimes the physical layout of a room or
an event will have an impact on social interaction and behavior-
think about how some faculty members organize their
classrooms, or why they may prefer a certain layout of desks in
the classroom.
Well-crafted law (if there is such a thing) can provide
opportunity for well-ordered social experiences. Just ask those
who have been punished by zero-tolerance laws in recent years,
if you wonder about this!
Telephones may have replaced telegraph communications; the
internet, computers, and digital technologies are replacing some
form of telephone wire communications. Are video appliances
such as personal computers on the way out - to be replaced by a
new generation of technology?
Technologies require environmental and organization

6. background conditions. A newer model flat-screen television
with remote control may be state-of-the-art, but when
confronted with the remote control device, how many senior
citizens are able to master the utilities in the hand-held device?
How long has it taken businesses to realize that not everyone
owns a computer, or is computer-tech savvy - and yet they have
changed much of their marketing promotion to those who use
the newer devices and are losing long time customers to
technological ignorance.
As society and individuals grow more dependent upon
technology, the more support of these conditions represents a
way in which technology can exert a profound structural social
influence. For example: the voting booth - from marking an X in
a box on a sheet of paper, to pulling a lever, to punching a hole
in a form, to touching a display screen to indicate your selection
- technology has made a change in how citizens view the
method of casting their ballots. And there are still questions as
to whether the machines have been programmed securely or
whether the input or results can be tampered with invalidating
the process.
Even in the early days of affordable health care, the use of
technology has people questioning the security of the system
because of glitches and potential lapses with respect to identity
theft. There are other issues such as fraud, people without
authority having access to intimate details - and with the ability
to store the data, how secure is the system and can its users be
assured of their privacy?