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Small-Signal Transistor
Amplifiers
h Parameter Model
Conversion Formulas
H.A.S. KALHARA
sadeeshkalhara1@gmail.com
Conversion Formulas
CC parameters from CE parameters
! !
To satisfy the condition , place a short circuit across the output terminals.
using KVL we write,
FIGURE 1 - Circuit for obtaining CC parameters from CE
parameters
h11 =
v1
i1 v2=0
hic =
vbc
ib vec=0
vbc −hrevce =ibhie
vce =0
∴vbc =ibhie
vbc
ib
=hic =hie
vce = 0
!
using KCL we write,

h21 =
i2
i1 v2=0
h22 =
i2
v2 i1=0
hfc =
ie
ib vec=0
ib +hfeib +ie =0
ie
ib
=− 1+hfe( )=hfc
hrc =
vbc
vec ib=0
= vbe +vec
vec ib=0
ib = 0,vbe = hrevce =−hrevec
∴hrc =1−hre
hoc = ie
vec ib=0
ib = 0,
∴vec =ie ⋅
1
hoe
ie
vec
= hoc = hoe
h12 =
v1
v2 i1=0
CB parameters from CE parameters
To satisfy the condition , place a short circuit across the output terminals.
using KVL for input loop,
using KVL for output loop,
h11 =
v1
i1 v2=0
hib =
veb
ie vcb=0
vcb = 0
veb +hrevce =−ibhie
vce =−veb
veb ⋅ 1−hre
#$ %&=−ibhie
veb −
hfeib
hoe
=−
ic
hoe
vebhoe +
hfe 1−hre
"# $%veb
hie
=−ic
FIGURE 2 - Circuit for obtaining CB parameters from CE
parameters
using KCL,
!
Leaving the input port open to satisfy the condition ,
and also note that,
h21 =
i2
i1 v2=0
hfb = ic
ie vcb=0
hfb =
− vebhoe +
hfe 1−hre( )
hie
"
#
$
$
%
&
'
'
veb hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )"
#
%
&
hie
hfb =
−hfe 1−hre( )−hiehoe
1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )+hoehie
h12 =
v1
v2 i1=0
hrb =
veb
vcb ie=0
ie = 0
ib =−ic
ie = − ic +ib( )
ie = vebhoe +
hfe 1−hre
"
#
$
%veb
hie
+
veb 1−hre
"# $%
hie
ie =
veb hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )"
#
$
%
hie
veb
ie
=
hie
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )"
#
$
%
= hib
using the KVL for input loop,
using the KVL for output loop,
using derived formulas above,
veb +hrevce =−hieib = hieic
but,
vce =
ic
hoe
+
hfeic
hoe
∵ib =−ic
"# $%
veb =ic hie −
hre
hoe
−
hfehre
hoe
"
#
&
&
$
%
'
'
vcb +
hfeib
hoe
+hrevce =ic hie +
1
hoe
!
"
#
$
%
&
∴vcb −
hfeic
hoe
+hre
ic
hoe
+
ichfe
hoe
!
"
#
#
$
%
&
&
=ic hie +
1
hoe
!
"
#
$
%
&
∴vcb =ic hie +
1
hoe
+
hfe
hoe
−
hre
hoe
−
hrehfe
hoe
!
"
#
#
$
%
&
&
hrb
=
veb
vcb ie=0
hrb
=
ic hie −
hre
hoe
−
hfehre
hoe
"
#
$
$
%
&
'
'
ic hie +
1
hoe
+
hfe
hoe
−
hre
hoe
−
hrehfe
hoe
"
#
$
$
%
&
'
'
hrb =
hiehoe −hre 1+hfe( )
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
summary of the h-parameter conversion equations
!
hib =
hie
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
hrb =
hiehoe −hre 1+hfe( )
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
hfb =
−hfe 1−hre( )−hiehoe
1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )+hoehie
hob =
hoe
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
hic = hie
hrc =1−hre
hfc = −(1+hfe )
hoc = hoe
CB
CC
h22 =
i2
v2 i1=0
hob = ic
vcb ie=0
hob =
ic
ic hie +
1
hoe
+
hfe
hoe
−
hre
hoe
−
hrehfe
hoe
"
#
$
$
%
&
'
'
hob =
hoe
hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
Approximate conversion formulas
conversion formulas derived above can be simplified substantially by neglecting terms that are very
small compared to other terms in the expression. For example, for CE configuration
and hold, and also for CC and hold.
reference:
1)Electronics Devices and circuits - Theodore F.Bogart.
2)Electronics Devices and circuits - principles and applications - N.P. Deshpande
hib =
hie
1+hfe
hrb =
hiehoe
1+hfe
−hre
hfb = −
hfe
1+hfe
hob =
hoe
1+hfe
hic = hie
hrc =1
hfc = −(1+hfe )
hoc = hoe
CB
CC
hre ≪1
hfe +1≫ hiehoe hrc ≈ 1hoc ≈ 0

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h parameter conversion formulas

  • 1. Small-Signal Transistor Amplifiers h Parameter Model Conversion Formulas H.A.S. KALHARA sadeeshkalhara1@gmail.com
  • 2. Conversion Formulas CC parameters from CE parameters ! ! To satisfy the condition , place a short circuit across the output terminals. using KVL we write, FIGURE 1 - Circuit for obtaining CC parameters from CE parameters h11 = v1 i1 v2=0 hic = vbc ib vec=0 vbc −hrevce =ibhie vce =0 ∴vbc =ibhie vbc ib =hic =hie vce = 0
  • 3. ! using KCL we write,
 h21 = i2 i1 v2=0 h22 = i2 v2 i1=0 hfc = ie ib vec=0 ib +hfeib +ie =0 ie ib =− 1+hfe( )=hfc hrc = vbc vec ib=0 = vbe +vec vec ib=0 ib = 0,vbe = hrevce =−hrevec ∴hrc =1−hre hoc = ie vec ib=0 ib = 0, ∴vec =ie ⋅ 1 hoe ie vec = hoc = hoe h12 = v1 v2 i1=0
  • 4. CB parameters from CE parameters To satisfy the condition , place a short circuit across the output terminals. using KVL for input loop, using KVL for output loop, h11 = v1 i1 v2=0 hib = veb ie vcb=0 vcb = 0 veb +hrevce =−ibhie vce =−veb veb ⋅ 1−hre #$ %&=−ibhie veb − hfeib hoe =− ic hoe vebhoe + hfe 1−hre "# $%veb hie =−ic FIGURE 2 - Circuit for obtaining CB parameters from CE parameters
  • 5. using KCL, ! Leaving the input port open to satisfy the condition , and also note that, h21 = i2 i1 v2=0 hfb = ic ie vcb=0 hfb = − vebhoe + hfe 1−hre( ) hie " # $ $ % & ' ' veb hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )" # % & hie hfb = −hfe 1−hre( )−hiehoe 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )+hoehie h12 = v1 v2 i1=0 hrb = veb vcb ie=0 ie = 0 ib =−ic ie = − ic +ib( ) ie = vebhoe + hfe 1−hre " # $ %veb hie + veb 1−hre "# $% hie ie = veb hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )" # $ % hie veb ie = hie hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )" # $ % = hib
  • 6. using the KVL for input loop, using the KVL for output loop, using derived formulas above, veb +hrevce =−hieib = hieic but, vce = ic hoe + hfeic hoe ∵ib =−ic "# $% veb =ic hie − hre hoe − hfehre hoe " # & & $ % ' ' vcb + hfeib hoe +hrevce =ic hie + 1 hoe ! " # $ % & ∴vcb − hfeic hoe +hre ic hoe + ichfe hoe ! " # # $ % & & =ic hie + 1 hoe ! " # $ % & ∴vcb =ic hie + 1 hoe + hfe hoe − hre hoe − hrehfe hoe ! " # # $ % & & hrb = veb vcb ie=0 hrb = ic hie − hre hoe − hfehre hoe " # $ $ % & ' ' ic hie + 1 hoe + hfe hoe − hre hoe − hrehfe hoe " # $ $ % & ' ' hrb = hiehoe −hre 1+hfe( ) hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
  • 7. summary of the h-parameter conversion equations ! hib = hie hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( ) hrb = hiehoe −hre 1+hfe( ) hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( ) hfb = −hfe 1−hre( )−hiehoe 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )+hoehie hob = hoe hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( ) hic = hie hrc =1−hre hfc = −(1+hfe ) hoc = hoe CB CC h22 = i2 v2 i1=0 hob = ic vcb ie=0 hob = ic ic hie + 1 hoe + hfe hoe − hre hoe − hrehfe hoe " # $ $ % & ' ' hob = hoe hoehie + 1+hfe( ) 1−hre( )
  • 8. Approximate conversion formulas conversion formulas derived above can be simplified substantially by neglecting terms that are very small compared to other terms in the expression. For example, for CE configuration and hold, and also for CC and hold. reference: 1)Electronics Devices and circuits - Theodore F.Bogart. 2)Electronics Devices and circuits - principles and applications - N.P. Deshpande hib = hie 1+hfe hrb = hiehoe 1+hfe −hre hfb = − hfe 1+hfe hob = hoe 1+hfe hic = hie hrc =1 hfc = −(1+hfe ) hoc = hoe CB CC hre ≪1 hfe +1≫ hiehoe hrc ≈ 1hoc ≈ 0