We believe that knowledge provides food for thought to trained minds and paves way for innovation. Nanotechnology has been developing by leaps and bounds and opportunities have been presenting themselves in this technical sector by millions every year. However, in order to benefit from this opportunity surge, one needs to stay updated regarding not only current developments but also with ever-developing patent mesh surrounding technology. Therefore, in order to contribute towards this knowledge enrichment, we have compiled a technical landscape of Bismuth Nanoparticle Technology. We hope you would find this an interesting reading.

1. Bismuth Nanoparticles –
Technology Landscape
TECHNOLOGY THROUGH PATENT GLASS
RUCHICA KUMAR
NOVOCUS LEGAL LLP
1

2. Why use Patents as Technology Indicator
 Patents provide clear idea of number of players in market for a particular technology.
 Patent data provides an accurate understanding of technical domains wherein a particular technology
has branched from and directions a technology is heading towards.
 Patent data helps to understand how technology has changed over the years. For example, patent data
can provide evidence of what technical domains were being researched into a decade ago as compared
to technical domains being researched today.
 Such a comparison helps in mapping out progress of a technology, knowledge externalities and cross
industry innovation prospects
 All the above mentioned points barely scratch the surface of ocean that is patent data analysis
 In this report we aim to present few exemplary conclusions that we could draw from a detailed analysis
of bismuth nanoparticle technology.
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Ruchica Kumar, Novocus Legal LLP
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3. Bismuth Nanoparticles
 Bismuth is a crystalline, brittle metal and constitutes the most naturally diamagnetic metal.
Typically, bismuth is found as bismuthinite (bismuth sulfide), bismite (bismuth oxide) and
bismuthite (bismuth carbonate)
 Bismuth has the property that it expands as it freezes and also has unusually high electrical
resistance for a metal. Its thermal conductivity is lower than any metal except mercury
 Bismuth is a semimetal with rhombohedral crystal structure and Bi shows a semimetal-
semiconductor transition in low-dimensional structures, hence making it a candidate for
nanotechnical applications.
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4. Presentation objective
 This presentation aims at presenting an overview of technical landscape of Bismuth Nanoparticles.
 Complete assessment of bismuth nanoparticle technology is mapped in a report. The report is accessible to anyone upon contacting author of the
report (contact details mentioned in last slide of this presentation ).
 The presentation includes following parts from complete assessment, they should be treated as excerpts from the report.
 Evolution of Bismuth Nanoparticle technology
 Major technology verticals wherein Bismuth Nanoparticles are being used
 Major technical players in field of bismuth nanoparticles
 Geographical distribution of bismuth nanoparticles
 Technology influence of patent portfolios held by major players and various jurisdictions in bismuth nanoparticle technology
 Market power of patent portfolios held by major players various jurisdictions In bismuth nanoparticle technology
 Co-Assignment charts
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5. CN
DE
EP
FR
IN
JP
KR
PCT
RU
US
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
2
0 1
6
3 3
6
14
17
49
35
1
3
0
3
0
2
0 0
2
0 0
1 2 3 2 1
5 6
1
4
2 1
CN DE EP FR IN JP KR PCT RU US
• The chart illustrates how bismuth
nanoparticle technology has evolved from
2006 till 2016 in various jurisdiction.
• The parameters used to make this chart are:
• Number of patent published from year
2006 to 2016
• Jurisdiction across the globe where
those patents have been published
• This chart gives an idea of magnitude at
which technology has been progressing over
the last decade and how its spread across the
scales of time and geography
Technology Evolution – Years and Jurisdictions
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6. • The chart of also illustrates
level of exploitation of each
technical area.
• This chart can directly lead to
white spaces for bismuth
nanoparticle technology.
• The chart also points at areas
that most explored and thereby
provide most licensing
opportunities and research
partners
74
65
26
24
16
12
12
10
10
10
9
9
8
6
6
5
4
4
4
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Catalysis
Semiconductor Devices
Nanocomposites
Batteries
Crystal Formation
Metallic Powder
Coating Compositions
Coating With Metallic Materials
Lubricants
Dielectric Properties
Radiation Analysis
Soldering Or Welding
Explosive Or Thermic Compositions
Optical Elements
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Report details spread of application areas across parameters of time, geography, and players in a much
more holistic and refined manner.
It should be noted that most
exploited application areas would
lead to more commercialization
opportunities.
Least or less explored application
areas would generate direct leads
on white spaces for a technology.
Aforementioned, areas are detailed
in complete report

7. 5
6
5
3
3
4
4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Hangzhou Dianzi University
LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL SECURITY
HUNAN JINWANG ENTERPRISES CO.
Wuhan Institute of Technology
Shaanxi University of Science and…
LAIRD TECHNOLOGIES
TOYOTA MOTOR ENGINEERING &…
Top Players for Catalysis Appliactions
5
3
2
2
2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Hangzhou Dianzi University
UNIV HEBEI UNITED
WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
SUED-CHEMIE IP GMBH & CO. KG
UNIV NANJING POSTS &…
Top Players for formation of nanoparticles for
Bismuth nanoparticle technology
Each of the charts illustrated here present world leaders for a
particular application area mentioned in last slide.
Such charts ease process of understanding competition as
one can directly look at what how trends are changing in
different application area of same technology.
In complete report of Bismuth Nanoparticles – A technology
landscape; world leaders for every application listed in last slide are
presented and discussed. Also, presented would be technology
journey of each application over parameters of time, geography and
players.
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8. 10
5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Top Players in Field of Bismuth Nanoparticle Technology
CN, 271
DE, 2
EP, 3
FR, 1
IN, 9
JP, 16
KR, 18
PCT, 11 RU, 4 US, 29
Geographical Distribution of Bismuth Nanopartcile
Technology
CN DE EP FR IN JP KR PCT RU US
Complete report includes detailed
insights into portfolios of every
jurisdiction listed below and their
development and strengths over
parameters of time, players and
applications areas.
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Complete report includes detailed insights into portfolios of every player listed above and their
development and strengths over parameters of time, geography and applications areas.

9. Patent Citations – Technology Influencers
 Patent citations are an indicator of technology influence a particular patent has upon development of a technology.
 Number of forward citations is directly proportional to role a particular patent has played in development of similar
patents.
 The forward citations of a particular patent may be from patents assigned to same assignee as the patent in question
or from they may be from a different assignee.
 In both cases, the effect of the forward citation remains the same.
 We have calculated percentage of forward citations per patent of patent portfolio held by top 30 assignees in our
parent set of nanoflake technology patents. Then we have calculated an average of all percentages of forward
citations per patent in order to arrive at a percentage of forward citation for an assignee.
 The percentage of citation per patent for an assignee is direct indicator of technology influence of that assignee upon
development of nanoflake technology. More citations refer to more influential technology.
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10. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
HangzhouDianziUniversity
LosAlamosNationalSecurity,Llc
HunanJinwangEnterprisesCo.,Ltd.
ShaanxiUniversityofScienceand…
WuhanInstituteofTechnology
ToyotaMotorEngineering&Amp;…
LairdTechnologies,Inc.
WuhanInstOfTech
WuhanInstTechnology
UnivAnhuiTechnology
HefeiInstitutesOfPhysicalScience,…
KoreaUniversityResearchAnd…
GeneralElectricCompany
Rutgers,TheStateUniversity
Secretary,DepartmentOfElectronics…
HarbinInstOfTechnology
CentreForMaterialsForElectronics…
UnivTianjin
NatUnivDongHwa
ShanghaiSanyiEnvironment…
ShanghaiInstCeramics
UnivDonghua
UnivHebeiUnited
NingboInstMatTech&Amp;EngCas
UnivShandong
NanjingUniversityOfScienceAnd…
HarbinInstituteOfTechnology
WuhanUniversityOfTechnology
HefeiInstPhysicalSciCas
NationalInstituteOfAerospace…
0
4.25
2 2
0.5
2.67
3.67
0
2
1
3.33
0.67
18
6
0
3
0
2
0.33 0.33
2.33 2
2.67
3.33 3
2 2.33
4
1.33
2
Technology Influence
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Assignees with highest patent citation per patent are likely to engage in cross-industry innovation and knowledge
spillovers, as their technology is more influential and extends over many technical areas. This aspect is further
elaborated in detailed report.

11. Patent Family Size – Market Power
 Patent family includes the original patent and it’s “continuation” applications, “continuation-in-part”
(CIP) applications, and “divisional” applications. Family size means how seriously an organization pays
attention to this technology.
 More patents a company applies, more resources need to be deployed in obtaining and maintaining
the same. Therefore, the organization would only loose resources for broadening family size unless the
technology in question could be profitable.
 Further, it has been established through rigorous research that the potential sale market can be
foreseen from patent family size.
 We have leveraged this positive relationship of patent family size with commercial potential of a
technology. We have tried to convert this semi-subjective, semi-objective parameter into an objective
indicator of market power of a technology.
 Few excepts from analysis are presented in next few slides, however report includes detailed analysis of
market power of a technology and its roots in various international markets.
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12. 1
13
1 1 1
3.75
10.5
1 1 1 1 1
6
15
3.67
1
3.67
1 1 1 1.67 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
HangzhouDianziUniversity
LosAlamosNationalSecurity,…
HunanJinwangEnterprises…
ShaanxiUniversityofScience…
WuhanInstituteofTechnology
ToyotaMotorEngineering…
LairdTechnologies,Inc.
WuhanInstOfTech
WuhanInstTechnology
UnivAnhuiTechnology
HefeiInstitutesOfPhysical…
KoreaUniversityResearch…
GeneralElectricCompany
Rutgers,TheStateUniversity
Secretary,DepartmentOf…
HarbinInstOfTechnology
CentreForMaterialsFor…
UnivTianjin
NatUnivDongHwa
ShanghaiSanyiEnvironment…
ShanghaiInstCeramics
UnivDonghua
UnivHebeiUnited
NingboInstMatTech&Amp;…
UnivShandong
NanjingUniversityOfScience…
HarbinInstituteOfTechnology
WuhanUniversityOf…
HefeiInstPhysicalSciCas
NationalInstituteOf…
Market Power
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Assignees with higher family sizes, tend to enter into joint ventures and co-assignments more as compared to patents
with low or no family count. This may be due to higher profit forecasts. This aspect is further detailed and elaborated
in complete report.

13. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
HangzhouDianziUniversity
LosAlamosNational…
HunanJinwangEnterprises…
ShaanxiUniversityof…
WuhanInstituteof…
ToyotaMotorEngineering…
LairdTechnologies,Inc.
WuhanInstOfTech
WuhanInstTechnology
UnivAnhuiTechnology
HefeiInstitutesOfPhysical…
KoreaUniversityResearch…
GeneralElectricCompany
Rutgers,TheStateUniversity
Secretary,DepartmentOf…
HarbinInstOfTechnology
CentreForMaterialsFor…
UnivTianjin
NatUnivDongHwa
ShanghaiSanyi…
ShanghaiInstCeramics
UnivDonghua
UnivHebeiUnited
NingboInstMatTech…
UnivShandong
NanjingUniversityOf…
HarbinInstituteOf…
WuhanUniversityOf…
HefeiInstPhysicalSciCas
NationalInstituteOf…
0
4.25
2 2
0.5
2.67
3.67
0
2
1
3.33
0.67
18
6
0
3
0
2
0.33 0.33
2.33 2 2.67 3.33 3
2 2.33
4
1.33 2
1
13
1 1 1
3.75
10.5
1 1 1 1 1
6
15
3.67
1
3.67
1 1 1 1.67 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2.5
Comparison of Market Power and Technology Influcence of each Assignee
Technology Influence Market Power
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14. 1.67
6.35
0.71
3 3.33
0 0 0.67 0.5 0
1.08
6.14
3.83
4.75
10.18
5.89
1
10
5.5 6
0
5
10
15
CN US KR JP PCT IN RU EP DE FR
Comparison of Technology Influence and Market Power for Various
Patent Jurisdictions
Technology Influence Market Power
1.67
6.35
0.71
3
3.33
0 0
0.67 0.5
0
0
2
4
6
8
CN US KR JP PCT IN RU EP DE FR
Technology Influence for Various Patent
Jurisdictions
1.08
6.14
3.83
4.75
10.18
5.89
1
10
5.5
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
CN US KR JP PCT IN RU EP DE FR
Market Power for Various Patent Jurisdictions
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15. Co-Assignment – An Example
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Centre for material for electronic technology , 4
National University DNG WHA, 3
National Institute of Aerospace Associates, 2
Korea Research and Business Foundation,2
NASA
Co-Assignment Details help in
understanding technology development
trends and commercialization
opportunities. Also, Co-assignment data
is helpful for identifying new research
partners and their particular field of
technical expertise.
For example, if an organization looks at
co-assignment data for a technology
and acquires prior knowledge of
expertise and current engagements of a
research centre, then a strategy can be
formed accordingly and resources can
deployed in a much more efficient
manner
Co-Assignment data also
leads a reader towards
research partners who may
be interested in developing
unexplored domains and
who may be looking for
partnerships in those
domains.
The chart presented here is not complete chart and is
presented only for reference. Complete chart along with
detailed insights can be accessed through Complete report

16. Joint Ventures – An Example
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3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Centre For Materials For Electronics Technology (C-Met)
Nat Univ Dong Hwa
China Petroleum &Amp; Chemical
National Institute Of Aerospace Associates
Wuhan Institute Of Technology
Nanjing University Of Science And Technology
Univ Donghua
Korea University Research And Business Foundation
Shanghai University
Centre For Materials For Electronics Technology (Cmet)
Number of Applications as a Joint Venture and Players involved
• Complete report includes Joint venture
detail of every market player along with
comparisons and ratios of joint
ventures vs sole developers for entire
technology domain of bismuth
nanoparticles
• Complete report details applications
areas of technology wherein joint
ventures are formed most, least or not
formed at all.
The chart indicates number of joint
ventures each player has entered for
technology development

17. Aspects Included in Complete Report
 The Bismuth Nanoparticle market is
segmented based on players, products,
services, applications, and regions.
 Novel Products in the Market
 Market Size and key insights of market
 Geographical distribution with respect to
years, assignees, technical applications
 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
 Technology Application Evolution of the
years
 Co-Assignment Analysis and
Competitive Landscaping
 IP Competitiveness Analysis – Market
Power and Technology Influence
 Most explored Technical Applications
and related Cross industry potentials
 White Spaces in Bismuth Nanoparticle
Technology
 Emerging Applications for Bismuth
Nanoparticle Technology
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18. Disclaimer:
This report was not prepared as an account of work sponsored by any agency. Neither the author nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their
contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or any
third party's use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the author or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of author expressed herein do not
necessarily state or reflect any factual or strategic inference. This report is for reference and illustration purpose only and should not be used for commercial purposes.
About the Author
Mrs. Ruchica Kumar - An Intellectual Property professional and a registered patent agent who been working in specialized
and focused field of Patent Management. As a registered patent agent she has drafted and prosecuted various patent
applications. Her work is focused on technical and strategic facets of patent involving patent analytics, acquisition and
management. She leverages technical aspects of patent drafting, patent valuation, and patent citations amalgamated with
technical information provided in patent documents to generate comprehensive patent intelligence data. Her sound
technical skill set and a strong patent knowledge base provides a good understanding of dynamics of cross industry
innovation.
Her competencies include:
• Nanotechnology Innovation Forecasting – Analyzing knowledge spill-overs and externalities for forecasting new
innovation areas for an organization using patents as indicators
• Patent Drafting in fields of Medical surgical devices and implants, cardiac rhythm management devices, urology,
gynecology.
• Patent Invalidation and Patentability assessment
• Technology infusion and diffusion studies using patents as indicators
• Indian Patent filing and prosecution
• Technology Mapping - Nanotechnology
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19. 02-01-2017Ruchica Kumar, Novocus Legal LLP
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We can be reached at:
C-253, Defence Colony, New Delhi –
110024, INDIA
Phone: +91-971-154-16163
Email: rkumar@novocuslegal.com,
akumar@novocuslegal.com
Web: http://novocuslegal.com/index.php
We welcome any queries regarding any of the topics you found interesting. We would be
happy to provide more details on any of the topics you desire. Also, any queries regarding
any issues related to intellectual property are most welcome.