2. He Knows My Name - performed by
Paul Baloche.avi
3. • Jesus is the embodiment of
perfected confidence. No fear. No
uncertainty. Only pure, unstained,
tamed confidence. Unlike Jesus,
most of us must go through
grueling years of self-searching to
find out who we are.
4. • None of us is born with confidence
- it is developed over time. If you
are without it, or are running low
of supply, take heart. Confidence is
attainable, and not at the price
some will tell you must be paid.
5. • The PMA (Positive Mental Attitude)
gurus travel from town to town telling
people to "smile, cheer up; things
could be worse!" Anad sure enough,
things get worse. I love what Charlie
Tremendous Jones said to his wife in a
fit of rage in his best-selling book, Life
Is Tremendous: "I can't wait to get
successful so I can move to plush office
where I can fail in style."
6. • It is spoken tongue-in-cheek, but
compare it with bestsellers such as,
Think and Grow Rich and You Can
Become the Person You Were Meant
to Be. Think confidently, they say, and
you will be confident. That's all there is
to it. You and I know, however, that if it
were so easy, we would all be
confident, happy and successful.
7. OVERCOMING
CONFIDENCE KILLERS
1. Fear is the number one killer of
confidence.
2. A lack of purpose is confidence killer
number two.
3. The third critical blow to building
confidence is the need for constant
justification.
8. KEYS TO CONFIDENCE
1. Giving is the beginning of
confidence.
2. Preparation lays the foundation for
confidence.
3. Objectivity builds confidence.
4. Freedom and empowerment send
confidence soaring.
9. Four Levels in the Hierarchy of
Delegation
1. Bring me the facts. I'll decide.
2. Offer a recommended decision and let
me know what it is. I'll agree or
disagree.
3. Do something. Tell me about it and
report the results whether good or bad.
4. Do something. I don't want to know the
results.
17. Path-Goal Theory
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
STYLES• With Path-Goal Theory, you
can identify the best
leadership approach to use,
based on your people's needs,
the task that they're doing,
and the environment that
they're working in.
18. Six Emotional Leadership
Styles
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
STYLES• The theory highlights the
strengths and weaknesses of
six common styles – Visionary,
Coaching, Affiliative,
Democratic, Pacesetting, and
Commanding.
19. Flamholtz and Randle's Leadership
Style Matrix
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
STYLES• First published in 2007, Flamholtz
and Randle's Leadership Style
Matrix shows you the best style
to use, based on how capable
people are of working
autonomously, and how creative
or "programmable" the task is.
20. Transformational
Leadership
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
STYLES
• Transformational leaders have
integrity and high emotional
intelligence.
• They motivate people with a
shared vision of the future, and
they communicate well.
• They're also typically self-aware,
authentic, empathetic, and
humble.
21. Specific Leadership
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
STYLES•Bureaucratic Leadership
•Charismatic Leadership
•Servant Leadership
•Transactional Leadership
23. CIVIL LAW
• Body of rules that defines and
protects the private rights of
citizens, offers legal remedies
that may be sought in a
dispute, and covers areas of
law such as contracts, torts,
property and family law.
24. CIVIL LAW
•It is derived from the laws of
ancient Rome which used
doctrines to develop a code
that determined how legal
issues would be decided.
25. BRANCHES OF
CIVIL LAW
1. Contract Law – deals with
agreements between two or more
parties, each of which is obligated
to hold up their portion of the
agreement. For example, two
parties enter into an agreement
for the lease of an apartment.
26. BRANCHES OF
CIVIL LAW2. Tort Law – is a branch of civil law
that is concerned with personal
injury and civil wrongdoing. A tort is
a civil wrong, done by one person or
entity to another which results in
injury or property damage, and
frequently involves monetary
compensation to the injured party.
27. THREE CATEGORIES OF
TORT
a) Negligence – is an unintentional tort, to which
there are four elements that must be satisfied.
• Duty – The defendant had a duty to act in a
reasonable manner
• Breach of Duty – meaning that the defendant
failed to act reasonably
• Causation – the defendant is breach of duty
must be the cause of the plaintiffs injury or loss
• Damages – monetary, property, or other loss
28. THREE CATEGORIES OF
TORT
b) Intentional Tort – is a deliberate
wrongdoing in which the defendant
acted with intent to cause harm or
injury. Some examples of intentional
torts include: assault and battery,
false imprisonment, fraud, invasion
of privacy, and intentional infliction
of emotional distress.
29. THREE CATEGORIES OF
TORT
c) Strict liability – is a tort that does not require actual
negligence or intent to injure. It is based on an
absolute or strict duty to ensure something is safe.
Strict liability frequently comes into play with
hazardous activities, such as bungee jumping. The
company that owns the bungee cords, or offers the
activity to consumers, has an absolute duty to make
sure the bungee cords are intact, hooked up correctly,
and are ready to operate safely. If a consumer is
injured because the cord breaks or comes undone, the
company is liable for the injury under strict liability.
30. BRANCHES OF
CIVIL LAW3) Property Law – covers both personal property
and real property. Personal property can be
tangible, such as jewelry, animals, and
merchandise, or intangible such as patents,
copyrights, stocks, and bonds. Real property
refers to land and anything built on it that
cannot be easily removed, as well as anything
under the surface of the land, such as oil and
minerals. There are two types of property law:
trespass and conversion.
31. PROPERTY LAW
• Trespass to chattels – refers to a defendant
intentionally and physically interfering with the
plaintiffs right to possession and use of their personal
property.
• Trespass to land – occurs when a defendant enters
plaintiffs private property without consent of the
plaintiff.
• Conversion – refers to a defendant depriving a plaintiff
of their personal property without the plaintiffs
consent, and then using the plaintiffs’ property as his
own.
32. BRANCHES OF
CIVIL LAW4) Family Law – is the branch of civil law that deals
with marriage, annulment, child custody, adoption,
birth, child support, and any other issues affecting
families. This branch of civil law is unique in that
there is not necessarily a person who committed a
civil wrong. This is particularly true in states that
have no-fault divorces. The family court gets
involved with dividing up property and finances
after a divorce, establishing child custody, child
support, and spousal support among other things.
33. CIVIL LAW
• Republic Act No. 386,
otherwise known as the Civil
Code of the Philippines, took
effect on 30th of August, 1950,
a year after its publication in
the Official Gazette pursuant to
Article 2 of the same code.
34. CIVIL LAW
A. PERSONS
Civil Code provides for two kinds of
persons:
• Natural Persons - are human
beings.
• Judicial Persons - are created by
fiction of law.
35. CIVIL LAW
B. MARRIAGE
Executive Order No. 209, series of 1987
otherwise known as the Family Code of the
Philippines, provided for concepts of marriage.
Marriage is a special contract of permanent
union between a man and a woman entered
into in accordance with the law for the
establishment of conjugal and family life.
36. CIVIL LAW
It is the foundation of the family and an
inviolable social institute whose nature,
consequences, and incidents are
governed by law and not subject to
stipulation, except that marriage
settlements may fix the property
relations during the marriage within
the limits provided by this code.
37. ESSENTIAL REQUISITES OF
MARRIAGE
• Legal capacity of the contracting
parties who must be a male and
a female.
• Consent freely given in the
presence of the solemnizing
officer.
38. FORMAL REQUISITES OF
MARRIAGE
• Authority of the solemnizing officer;
• A valid marriage license;
• A marriage ceremony which takes place with
the appearance of the contracting parties
before the solemnizing officer and their
personal declaration that they take each
other as husband and wife in the presence
of not less than two witnesses of legal age.
39. Under Article 7 of the Family Code, Marriages
may be solemnized by the following:
a) Any incumbent member of the judiciary within
the court's jurisdiction;
b) Any priest, rabbi, imam, or minister of any church
or religious sect duly authorized by his church or
religious sect and registered with the civil
registrar general, acting within the limits of the
written authority granted by his church or
religious sect provided that at least one of the
contracting parties belongs to the solemnizing
officer's church or religious sect;
40. Under Article 7 of the Family Code, Marriages
may be solemnized by the following:
c) Any ship captain or airplane chief only in the case
mentioned in Article 31 of the Family Code;
d) Any military commander of a unit to which the
chaplain is assigned, in the absence of the latter,
during a military operation, likewise only in the
cases mentioned in Article 32 of the Family Code;
e) Any consul-general, consul or vice-consul in the
case provided under Article 10 of the Family
Code.
41. PSYCHOLOGICAL
INCAPACITY
• A marriage contracted by any party
who, at the time of the celebration,
was psychologically incapacitated to
comply with the essential marital
obligations of marriage, shall likewise
be void even if such incapacity
becomes manifest only after its
solemnization.
42. INCESTUOUS
MARRIAGES
• Incestuous marriages are those
contracted between ascendants
and descendants of any degree;
and between brother and sister,
whether of full or half-blood.
43. VOID MARRIAGES BY REASON
OF PUBLIC POLICY
1. Between collateral blood relatives whether
legitimate or illegitimate, up to the fourth civil
degree;
2. Between step-parents and stepchildren;
3. Between parents-in-law and children-in-law;
4. Between the adopting parent and adopted
child;
5. Between the surviving spouse of the adopting
parent and the adopted child;
44. VOID MARRIAGES BY REASON
OF PUBLIC POLICY
6. Between the surviving spouse of the adopted
child and the adopter;
7. Between an adopted child and legitimate child
of the adopter;
8. Between adopted children of the same adopter;
and
9. Between parties where one with the intention
to marry, the other killed that another person's
spouse, or his or her own spouse.
45. PRESCRIPTION
• The action or defense for the declaration of
absolute nullity shall not prescribed.
However, in case of marriage celebrated
before the effectivity of this Code and
falling under Article 36, such action or
defense shall prescribe in ten years after
this Code shall take.
46. PRESCRIPTION
• Furthermore, it is important to note that the
absolute nullity of a previous marriage may be
invoked for purposes of remarriage on the basis
solely of a final judgment declaring such
previous marriage void.
• Hence, before one can contract a subsequent
marriage, one must first secure a judicial
declaration of the absolute nullity of the
previous marriage.
47. Article 45. The marriage may be annulled for any of the
following causes, existing at the time of the marriage:
a) That the party in whose behalf it is sought to have the
marriage annulled was eighteen years of age or over
but below twenty-one, and the marriage was
solemnized without the consent of the parents,
guardian or person having substitute parental authority
over the party, in that order, unless after attaining the
age of twenty-one, such party freely cohabited with the
other and both lived together as husband and wife;
b)That either party was unsound mind, unless such party,
after coming to reason, freely cohabited with the other
as husband and wife;
48. Article 45. The marriage may be annulled for any of the
following causes, existing at the time of the marriage:
c) That the consent of either party was obtained by fraud, unless
such party afterwards, with full knowledge of the facts
constituting the fraud, freely cohabited with the other as
husband and wife; (Article 46)
d) That the consent of either party was obtained by force,
intimidation or undue influence, unless the same having
disappeared or ceased, such party thereafter freely cohabited
with the other as husband and wife;
e) That either party was physically incapable of consummating the
marriage with the other, and such incapacity continues and
appears to be incurable; or
f) That either party was afflicted with sexually-transmissible
disease found to be serious and appears to be incurable.
49. Article 55. A petition for legal separation may
be filed on any of the following grounds:
1) Repeated physical violence or grossly abusive conduct
directed against the petitioner, a common child, or a
child of the petitioner;
2) Physical violence or moral pressure to compel the
petitioner to change religious or political affiliation;
3) Attempt of respondent to corrupt or induce the
petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner,
to engage in prostitution, or connivance in such
corruption or inducement;
4) Final judgment sentencing the respondent to
imprisonment of more than six years, even if pardoned;
50. Article 55. A petition for legal separation may
be filed on any of the following grounds:
5) Drug addiction or habitual alcoholism of the respondent;
6) Lesbianism or homosexuality of the respondent;
7) Contracting by the respondent of a subsequent bigamous
marriage, whether in the Philippines or abroad;
8) Sexual infidelity or perversion;
9) Attempt by the respondent against the life of the
petitioner; or
10)Abandonment of petitioner by respondent without
justifiable cause for more than one year.
51. DISTINCTION BETWEEN
ANNULMENT AND LEGAL
SEPARATIONANNULMENT LEGAL SEPARATION
(a) The marriage was defective at the very
beginning.
(a) There was no defect in the marriage at
the beginning.
(b) The cause for annulment must be already
existing at the time of the marriage.
(b) The cause for legal separation arises after
the marriage celebration.
(c) There are seven grounds for annulment. (c) There are ten grounds for legal
separation.
(d) Annulment dissolves the marriage bond;
the parties are free to marry again.
(d) The marriage remains.
(e) From the angle of Private International
Law, the grounds are generally those given in
the lex loci celebrationis (by implication from
Art. 71 of the Civil Code.)
(e) From said angle, the grounds are those
given by the NATIONAL LAW, not the lex loci
celebrationis for in legal separation, the very
validity of the marriage itself is NOT
questioned, unlike in the case of annulment.
(See Art. 15 of the Civil Code).
52. PROFESSION
• A profession is a vocation founded upon
specialized educational training, the purpose of
which is to supply disinterested objective
counsel and service to others, for a direct and
definite compensation, wholly apart from
expectation of other business gain. The term is a
truncation of the term “liberal profession”,
which is, in turn, an Anglicization of the French
term “profession libérale”.
53. HISTORY
• Medieval and early modern tradition recognized only three
professions: divinity, medicine, and law – the so-called “learned
professions”.
• Major milestones which may mark an occupation being identified
as a profession include:
– an occupation becomes a full-time occupation
– the establishment of a training school
– the establishment of a university school
– the establishment of a local association
– the establishment of a national association
– the introduction of codes of professional ethics
– the establishment of state licensing laws
54. HISTORY
• Applying these milestones to the historical sequence of
development in the United States shows surveying achieving
professional status first (note that George Washington,
Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln all worked as land
surveyors before entering politics), followed by medicine,
actuarial science, law, dentistry, civil engineering, logistics,
architecture and accounting. With the rise of technology and
occupational specialization in the 19th century, other bodies
began to claim professional status: pharmacy, veterinary
medicine, psychology, nursing, teaching, librarianship,
optometry and social work, each of which could claim, using
these milestones, to have become professions by 1900.
55. HISTORY
• Just as some professions rise in status and power
through various stages, others may decline. Disciplines
formalized more recently, such as architecture, now
have equally long periods of study associated with
them. Although professions may enjoy relatively high
status and public prestige, not all professionals earn
high salaries, and even within specific professions there
exist significant inequalities of compensation; in law, for
example, a corporate/insurance defense lawyer working
on a billable hour basis may earn several times what a
prosecutor or public defender earns.
56. FORMATION
• A profession arises when any trade or
occupation transforms itself through “the
development of formal qualifications based
upon education, apprenticeship, and
examinations, the emergence of regulatory
bodies with powers to admit and discipline
members, and some degree of monopoly
rights.”
58. REFERENCES:
• Brown, J. (1992). The Definition of a Profession: The
Authority of Metaphor in the History of Intelligence
Testing, 1890-1930. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press;
• Larson, M. S. (1978). The Rise of Professionalism: A
Sociological Analysis. Berkeley, California: University of
California Press;
• Legaspi, N. M. (2014). Handouts in social Science 15: Law
Related Studies. Southern Iloilo Polytechnic College -
WVCST Miagao Campus;
• Zabloski, J. (1996). The 25 Most Common Problems in
Business and How Jesus Solved Them. Broadman &
Holman Publishers;
• Types of Leadership Styles. Mind Tools Ltd, 1996-2017;
