1. MECHANISM OF WRITING THESIS AND DISSERTATION
Dr.R.Kalidasan
Assistant Professor (SG)
Department of Physical Education & Yoga
Bharathidasan University
Tiruchirappalli-620 024
8/5/2017 1Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
2. Research is scientific and systematic
approach to find an answer.
A logical, methodical procedure for solving
problems and discovering knowledge.
RESEARCH
The word research derives from the French recherche, from
rechercher, to search closely where "chercher" means "to
search".
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3. It is a process of careful, systematic and
scientific way of solving a problem
Meaning of Research
Problem & answer
Searching ā in ānā number of ways to get
the answer
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7. BIO-DATA RESUME CURRICULUM VITAE
Short form - Biographical
data
Personal particulars like
date of birth, gender,
religion, race, nationality,
residence, marital status
Chronological listing of
education and
experience
French word -
"summary".
Summary of one's
education, skills and
employment when
applying for a new job.
Usually 1 or at the max 2
pages long.
Latin word - "course of
life".
More detailed than a
resume.
C.V. lists out every skill,
all the jobs and positions
held, degrees,
professional affiliations
the applicant has
acquired, and in
chronological order.
8/5/2017 7Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
9. USA UK
Graduate & Masters ā Thesis
Doctoral - Dissertation
Graduate & Masters ā Dissertation
Doctoral - Thesis
The words āthesisā and ādissertationā are often
used interchangeably, leading to some confusion
in academia about what each individual word
actually means.
Academic degree - Thesis & Dissertation
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11. Front materials or Preliminary materials
Title page
Certificate by the supervisor (Approval page)
Declaration (by the investigator)
Vita
Dedication (God, Father, Mother and Wife)
Acknowledgement or Preface (to those helped)
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures (Diagram, Graphs and Photo)
List of Flow charts
Abstract
Abbreviations8/5/2017 11Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
12. Body of the thesis / dissertation
Chapter-I Introduction
Chapter-II Review of related literature
Chapter-IIIMethodology / Procedure / Methods
Chapter-IVAnalysis and interpretation of data /
Analysis of data, result and discussion
Chapter-V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
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13. Back materials (or) Supplementary materials
Bibliography
(All references combined in alphabetical order)
Appendix / Appendices
(Extra materials ā raw data, training schedules,
questionnaire, certificates and so on)
Reprints8/5/2017 13Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
14. Titles page
Titles must be informative, meaningful, and
descriptiveārather than just indicative of the
content of the material.
The method, process, instrument, device, etc.,
developed or used should be identified in the
title if itās a significant part of the research.
In India most of the University generally
provides format.8/5/2017 14Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
15. Vita
A vita page, not over one page in length
ā¢Place and date of birth.
ā¢Place and date of high school graduation.
ā¢Place and date of college graduationāwith degree and major.
ā¢Place and date of receipt of masterās degreeāwith major.
ā¢Vocational and professional experience (not summer jobs)āincluding
dates, nature of position, and school or organization.
ā¢Military experience, with indication of professional relevanceāif any.
ā¢Scholarly publications, exhibits of creative work, membership in
professional organizations and honorary societies.
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16. Abstracts
A. Must be on a single, separate page, adhering to margin requirements.
B. Limit to 250 to 350 wordsāpreferably not to exceed 300 words for a
thesis, or 350 words for a dissertation.
C. Text will be single-spaced.
D. The Abstract page comes after the Title Page and before the Table
of Contents or just before chapter-I.
E. At least four key words in case of journal /Conference / Seminar
(italicized)
The abstract summarizes three major elements of the full document:
āObjectives of the research
āMethodology used in the research
āFindings, including results, conclusions, and recommendations.8/5/2017 16Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
17. Introduction
ā¢Out line
ā¢State of knowledge of particular study
ā¢Key studies from literature
ā¢Rationale behind selecting the problem (justification)
ā¢Statement of the problem
ā¢Objectives
ā¢Hypothesis ā (Null & Directional)
ā¢Significance of the problem (Contribution to the field)
ā¢Limitations (Uncontrolled events, drawbacks, major
shortcomings)
ā¢Delimitations ā Scope / Boundary (what, who, where of the
study)
ā¢Definition of terms (technical/operational/functional) ā
multiple meaning
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18. Review of related literature
ā¢Analysis of the literature
ā¢Organised around the concept
ā¢Is to description of understanding of the state of
knowledge about the topic
ā¢Can be classified into subdivision
ā¢Purpose-Sample-Variables-Design-Statistics-Result
ā¢Book, Periodicals, journals, e-resources, unpublished
works, proceedings and so on
ā¢Chronological order
ā¢Own studies ā reference
ā¢Summary8/5/2017 18Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
27. Methodology / Procedure / Methods
ā¢Highly technical
ā¢Subjects ā no. of sample, sex, age, experience, level of representation
ā¢Classification of groups
ā¢Treatment
ā¢Selection of variables and justification for selecting the variables.
ā¢Selection of tests and justification for selecting the test.
ā¢Pilot work
ā¢Reliability of the data, reliability of the instrument, tester
competency, orientation of the subjects, consent form, ethical
clearance, Flow chart
ā¢Administration of test
ā¢Diagram
ā¢Testing schedule
ā¢Collection of data
ā¢Level of Significance
ā¢Design
ā¢Statistical technique
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28. Name of the Subject:ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦..Investigators name: Dr. R. KALIDASAN
Name of the Sponsorā¦ā¦NA
Name of the Institution: BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI.
I, the undersigned, Mr/Miss/Mrsā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦
S/o, D/o. or W/oā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦agedā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦..
Resident ofā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦
Exercising my free power of choice, hereby give my consent to be included as a subject in the
study entitled āBIOMECHANICAL AND KINANTHROPOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF PENALTY CORNER PUSHāINā
to see the factors dominating in the performance of penalty corner push-in. I have been informed to my
satisfaction by my attending researcher the purpose of my enrolment in the study.
I have read the information sheet provided to me and I have also been given full explanation by
the researcher about the nature and purpose of the investigative procedures being undertaken. I have been
given the freedom to question the attending researcher on all aspects of the study.
Hereby give consent to the researcher of the study to release the information obtained as a
result of my participation in this study to any scientific forum for the betterment of understanding about
performance of penalty corner push-in. However, privacy and confidentially will be maintained. I will retain
the right to abstain from further participation in the research at any time. I have been explained and have
understood the necessity and the nature of all the investigative procedures.
Thus, having fully understood the procedure and implication of the above study, I agree to
participate in the same.
Signature of the Subject:ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦Date:ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦.
I confirm that I have explained the nature and purpose of the above study to
Signature of Investigatorā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦Dateā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦ā¦.
Witness:
CONSENT FORM
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30. Composition of āInstitutional Ethics Committeeā
Today most of the institution has āinstitutional ethics
committeeā separately for human and animals.
Generally this committee will have 9 members.
For human experimentation the composition of the
members is as follows.
ā¢Chairperson (1)
ā¢Basic Medical Scientists (2)
ā¢Clinicians (2)
ā¢Legal expert (1)
ā¢Philosopher/Ethicist/Theologian (1)
ā¢Lay person from the community (1)
ā¢Member Secretary (1)
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32. Analysis and interpretation of data / Analysis of Data, Result and Discussion
ā¢Analysis of the data
ā¢Interpretation of the results
ā¢Tables and graphs
ā¢Discussion on finding
ā¢Supporting studies to be quoted
ā¢Discussion on hypothesis
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33. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
Summary - Overview of the study
(Purpose, subjects, method & techniques employed)
Conclusion from the study
Recommendation from the study
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34. ļ on standard-sized paper (8.5āx11ā)
ļ with 1ā margins on all sides (1.5ā on left side margin)
ļ in 10-12 pt. Times New Roman or a similar font
ļbe typed, double-spaced, with two spaces after
punctuation between sentences
ļinclude a page header (title) in the upper left-hand of
every page and a page number in the upper right-
hand side of every page
General Format
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35. Develop the outline
Gather mountain of information
(500 literatures ā at Ph.D. level)
All will not find a place in the thesis
General tips
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36. Size of a thesis - norms
Ph.D. thesis 75,000 to 1,00,000 words
P.G. thesis 5,000 to 25,000 words
M.Phil. thesis in-between
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37. First draft is not your best draft ā improve the text ā
clarity, vagueness
Ask the friends to read and get back the feed back
Accuracy of the statement. Accurate information ā
new area of knowledge
Graphics8/5/2017 37Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
38. Articles (or) thesis ā use of vocabulary
Paragraph can carry at least one idea.
Clear, concise and effective presentation of ideas is more
important than any thing else.
Reducing bias
Transition from one paragraph to the next has to be smooth
Logical order
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39. Use of Computer
Edit the contents or modify
Cut & paste ā alignment
Literatures - e-mail - back-up
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40. American or British English ā Mixing
Ex. Programme, organised, colour
Grammatical mistake
Clarity
Avoid vague words
Repetition (length sentences)
Use of uncommon words
Misused commas
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41. COMMON FAULTS IN WRITING
Good writing is an art
Practice make perfect
8/5/2017 41Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
42. Use standard abbreviations - USA
Scientific terminology
Thesis ā Past tense
Proposal ā Future tense
Use of numbers ā points on a scale, time, age,
dates and amount of money - below ten use
word otherwise use the figures in numbers
8/5/2017 42Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
43. STYLE MANUALS
ā¢American Psychological Association (APA)
ā¢Chicago Manual of Style (CMS or CMOS or Chicago)
ā¢Modern Language Association of America (MLA)
8/5/2017 43Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
44. OTHER STYLES
ā¢American Medical Association (AMA)
ā¢American Chemical Society (ACS)
ā¢Associated Press Style book (AP)
ā¢American Sociological Association (ASA)
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45. Modern Language Association of America (MLA)
MLA (1985)
ā¢Humanities especially English studies
ā¢Study of other modern languages & literatures
ā¢Comparative literature
ā¢Media Studies
ā¢Cultural studies and related disciplines
http://www.mlaformat.org
Manual - 3rd Edition (2008) & 7th Edition (2009)
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46. Chicago Manual of Style (CMS or CMOS or Chicago)
University of Chicago (1906)
ā¢Humanities particularly in the field of History
ā¢Comparative polities
http://www.chicagomanual of style.org
CMOS - 16rd Edition
Turabian ā 7th Edition
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47. MOST COMMON & POPULAR STYLE
Originated 1929
ā¢Psychology / Behavioural Science
ā¢Social Sciences
ā¢Anthropology
ā¢Comparative political studies
ā¢Communication studies
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association 6th Edition
Online resource: http://www.apastyle.org
American Psychological Association (APA)
8/5/2017 47Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
48. ā¢Reference list is different from a bibliography.
ā¢The only difference is that a reference list includes
what you have cited within the text, and sources you
have used, but nothing else.
ā¢Any other sources you have read or seen, but later
discarded because they are irrelevant, outdated, etc.,
should never be included in a reference list, but can
be included in the bibliography.
References Vs Bibliography
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49. Books
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital
letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.
Single Author
Kalidasan, R. (2015). Yoga for Human Excellence.
Tiruchirappalli: Yogam publication.
More than one Author
Kalidasan, R. & Sureshkumar, M. (2014). ABCs of Ball
Badminton. Karaikudi: Vinisi publication8/5/2017 49Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
50. Volley ball Centre of Excellence. (2016). Sports
Science for Physical Education Trainees.
Tiruchendur: Dr.Sivanthi Aditanar College of
Physical Education.
Book Chapter
Tizol, W.P. (1976). Brain function and memory. In J.M.O.
Corney & H.L. Center (Eds.), An inside look at
what we think we know. (pp. 154-184). Springfield,
IL: American Psychiatric Press.
8/5/2017 50Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
51. BauzĆ”, R.H. (1982). Manitoba nematodes. Journal of
Cool Nematodes, 10, 252-264.
Gillespie, R.C., & Tupac, R.M. (1976). How confident
people dance. American Dancing, 225, 82-90.
The lamb business. (1992, September 11). Willamette
Valley Lamb, 97, 47-48.
Magazine Article
Pozo, E. R. (2008, November 19). The way she loved
me. Personal Literature, 290, 1113-1120.
Journal articles
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52. Encyclopedia Article
Parker, S.A. (1947). Fetal development. In International
encyclopedia of pregnancy (Vol. 7, pp. 202-207). New
York: Aesculapius Publishers.
Newspaper Article
Amazing women. (1955, January 12). The Journal News, pp.
D11, D14.
8/5/2017 52Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
53. Electronic Journal Article From a Database
Tjader, J.W., Coltrane, J.A., & Taylor, A.A. (1995). A history of mockery.
American Psychologist, 50, 750-765. Retrieved from PsycINFO
database.
Electronic Journal Article (print version)
Rodriguez, G., Puente, S., & Mayfield , J. (2001). Role of upbringing in
family attitudes. [Electronic version]. Journal of Family
Research, 5, 117-123.
Website
Summers, M. (2007) Cool scenes. Retrieved August 27, 2007, from
http://coolscenesilove.edu/
8/5/2017 53Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
54. Preventing Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the practice of stealing
and passing off the work, ideas and
thoughts of another as oneās own.
Claiming credit for work not done or
done by other. (unintentional)
Academic Dishonesty8/5/2017 54Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan
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8/5/2017 63Dr.SACPE - Kalidasan