Around 1450, Johannes Gutenberg introduced the first movable type printing system in Europe. He advanced innovations in casting type based on a matrix and hand mould, adaptations to the screw-press, the use of an oil-based ink, and the creation of a softer and more absorbent paper.

1. Print Media
Media in India

2. Introduction
History
of
Printing
-600 AD - Chinese invent printing during
the period of Tang dynasty using wooden
blocks to print letters.
-1300 - Block printing comes to Europe.
-1439 - Johannes Gutenberg (Germany)
develops printing technology and invents
oil-based ink for it.
-1556 - Printing technology comes to India.
Brought by Jesuit priests.1st book printed in
India was in Portuguese in Old Goa.
-1557 - Vaipicotta establishes first language
printing press with vernacular types.
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3. History
-January 29, 1780 - James Augustus Hicky launched the “BengalGazette”.
-Other newspapers like The India Gazette, The Calcutta Gazette, The Madras
Courier (1785), The Bombay Herald (1789) etc. soon followed.
-1822 - The Bombay Samachar (Gujarati) was founded; oldest newspaper in
Asia.
-May 30, 1826 - Udant Martand (The Rising Sun) - 1st Hindi newspaper;
started in Calcutta; published by Pt. Jugal KishoreShukla
-1838 - The Times Of India was founded.
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4. History
1857 - Mutiny (War of Indian Independence) -turning point in indian
print journalism.
Pioneer Indian journalists -Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Gangadhar
Bhattacharjee, Bhawani Charan Bannerjee, Dwarkanath Tagore, Girish
Chandra Ghose, Harishchandra Mukharjee, Ishworchandra Vidyasagar,
Kristo Pal, Manmohan Ghose, Keshub Chander Sen etc.
1878 - After mutiny, among other acts, Vernacular Press Act was
levied. Acted as a setback for the vernacular dailies.
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5. Some centenarian newspapers in India

6. Some centenarian newspapers in
India
The Times of India (1861)
Amrit Bazar Patrika (1868)
Pioneer (1872)
The Statesman (1875)
The Hindu (1878
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7. CENSORSHIP OF PRESS ACT
1799

8. Censorship of press act
•Brought about by Lord Wellesley
•Done to stop the French from publishing anything which would harm the
British.
•This act brought all the newspapers under government scrutiny before their
publication
•Extended in 1807 and covered all kinds of Press Publications newspapers,
magazine, books and Pamphlets
•Rules were relaxed when Lord Hastings came into
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9. LICENSINGREGULATIONS
1823

10. Licensing regulations
Brought about by John Adams
According to these regulations, starting or using a press without license was a
penal offence
These restrictions were directed chiefly against Indian language newspapers
or those edited by Indians
Rammohan Roy’s Mirat-ul-Akbar had to stop publication.
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11. PRESS ACT
1835

12. Licensing regulations
Also known as The Metcalfe Act of 1835
Act required a printer/publisher to give a precise account of premises of a
publication and cease functioning, if required by a similar declaration.
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13. LICENSING ACT
1857

14. Licensing regulations
This Act imposed licensing restrictions in addition to the already existing
registration procedure laid down by Metcalfe Act
The Government reserved the right to stop publication and circulation of any
book, newspaper or printed matter.
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15. Summary
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16. Thank you
Mirjam Nilsson​
mirjam@contoso.com
www.contoso.com