Phil. under Spain

1. LESSON 6:
Code & Subject Description: GE/ SOC SCI 102 – PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Prepared by:
Richard Allen C. Fullado
BSE I – major in English Presented to:
Diana Ferrer-Nito. LPT, MAEd, Ed.D.
Professor in Philippine History

2. LET’S HAVE FAN!
What is your conception in
the Philippines before the
colonizer arrived in this land?
- after you answer get your prize on
the box!

3. UNLOCKING THE DIFFICULTIES:
1. C____L____N____A___I___M
COLONIALISM
 a practice of people dominating another by subjugation and economically
exploiting the colony.
2. R__D__CCIO__
REDUCCION
 A community set up by Spaniards under ecclesiastical or royal authority to
facilitate colonization and relocate the inhabitants from scattered villages into
the new “reduced” are of settlement.
3. PR__TO – GLOBA__I___AT__ON
PROTO-GLOBALIZATION
 The phase of increasing trade links and cultural exchange that characterized
the period immediately proceeding the nineteenth century globalization.

4. 4. M___RCANTI___S___
MERCANTILISM
 An economic idea that trade or exchange of goods generates wealth,
which encourages the extraction of resources to sell and protectionism
of their supply.
5. CR__OLIZAT__ON
CREOLIZATION
 A mixture between Spaniards and indigenous peoples when select
cultural elements become part of our inherited culture brought about
by contact between societies and relocated peoples.
UNLOCKING THE DIFFICULTIES:

5. GLIMPSE TO THE WHOLE LESSON:
 The 15th century “Age of Discovery,” Western powers sailed
through oceans to tierras incognita (uncharted lands).
 The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494, the Spanish thalassocracy circled
father west to arrive in the Philippines in 1521 and colonize it in
1565.
 Samuel Tan framed Filipino responses to Spanish colonization as
indios (he native indigenous peoples), inhabitants who were
Chritianized;
- Moros, those who where Islamized in the late 14th century &
- Lamads, those neither of the two and were mostly able to retain
their traditions as they chose to move away for Spanish reducciones.

6. Early Filipino Culture upon Spanish
arrival through:_____________________
1. Juan de Plasencia
Custom of the Tagalogs, how Spanish imposed economic
institutions in the Philippines.
2. Antonio de Morga
He recounted by his writtings of Sucesos de las Islas
Filipinas, how the Spanish expeditions attempted to
colonize the Maguindanao and Sulu Sultnates through
the a letter of instruction to conquest.

7. Juan de Plasencia’s
Customs of the Tagalog
1. Author's background
Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish
friar of the Franciscan Order. He
was among the firstgroup of
Franciscan missionaries who
arrived in the Philippines on July
2, 1578.
 He was taskedby the King of
Spain to document the customs
and traditions of the colonized
(“natives”) basedon, arguably, his
own observations and judgments.

8. He spent most of his missionary life in thePhilippines, where
he founded numerous towns in Luzon and authored several
religious and linguistic books, most notably the Doctrina
Cristiana (Christian Doctrine),
the first book ever printed in the Philippines. Customs of the
Tagalogs is a part of longer monographs written by the
chroniclers of the Spanish expeditions to the Philippines
during the early 16th and 17th centuries.
They appeared initially in Blair and Robertson’s 55 volumes,
“The Philippine Islands (1903)”and in the “Philippine Journal
of Sciences (1958)”.

9. Juan de Plasencia’s
Customs of the Tagalog
 “The Customs of the Tagalogs'' mainly focuses on the government,
administration ofjustice, slaves, inheritance and dowries.
 Juan de Plasencia mentioned in his account that every Barangay, a
tribal gathering consists of 30-100 families together with their
slaves, have their own Dato, at the top of the social status, who
governed the people and was the captain in their wars, followed
by the Maharlikas, commoners and slaves.
 Plasencia described how children were divided between the
married Maharlika and slave (Namamahay or Sa Guiguilid)
 Plasencia also noted the dowry system that was practiced by the
native Tagalogs—dowries were given by the men to the women’s
parents before marriage.

10. Plansencia mentioned the worships of
the tagalogs
 the tagalogs noting that the Filipinos have no temples but they
have what they call Simbahan which means “a place of
adoration” because this is where they gather when they wish to do
a feast, called Pandot or Worship.
 He also mentioned that Filipinos worship idols and one of them is
what they call Bathala which signifies “all powerful” or “maker of
all things”.
 They also worship the sun, the moon and even the stars. They
have idols such as
 LIC-HA, Dian Masalanta (the patron of lovers)
 Lacapati and Indianale (patrons of cultivated lands),
 they also paid reverence to Buayas.

11. Customs of Tagalog before the Spaniards
Filipinos are very liable to find auguries in things they
witnessed and also practiced divination.
In addition, the manner of burying also differs based on the
status of the deceased as what Plasencia described.
They also have distinctions among the priests of the devils
such as: Catolonan, Sonat, Mangaguay, Manyisalat,
Mancocolam, Hocloban, Silagan, Magtatangal, Osuan,
Mangagayoma, Pangatahojan.
Filipinos also believe in ghosts which they call Vibit,
Tikbalang and Patianac. However, he noted here that such
beliefs were already erased through the teaching of the holy
gospel.

12. Customs of Tagalog before the Spaniards
 This account of Juan de Plasencia strengthens the claim that even
before the Spaniards colonized the Philippines, Filipinos already have
their own set of traditions, customs, practices, beliefs and government
that they abide to.
 He provided information that are helpful for today’s generation in
understanding our history and in discovering practices that are no
longer practiced today.
 Even now, it is noticeable that some of the practices during the 16th
century are still practiced by some ethnic groups here in the Philippines;
the Bagobo system for example which requires the bride-to-be’s father to
make a return present equivalent to one-half of whatever isagreed upon
as dowry and there are still people, especially the elders,

13. Customs of Tagalog before the Spaniards
that believes in the existence of tikbalang and tiyanak.
Even the concept of Barangay is still evident in today’s
generation.
 It is undeniable that our customs and practices
changed along with time however, here are still
fragments of our past that remain and will continue to
remind us of our origin.
 It is such an honor knowing about our history and
being able to discover how rich the Philippines was in
terms of our customs, beliefs and practices