The presentation outlined the purposes and components of literature reviews and underscored the things to take note of in writing one.

1. WRITING
LITERATURE
REVIEWS
Presented by Ricci FONG
March 7, 2013

2. What makes a
literature review?
How to review?
Writing tips

3. WHAT MAKES
A LITERATURE REVIEW?
A collection of scholarly articles
on a certain topic.
Offers a concise overview of the
existing studies
Highlights key concepts
Identifies the strengths,
controversies and limitations
What do we know? What’s next?

4. WHAT DO WETRYTO
GET OUT OF OLD KEYS?
Review, critique and...potentially
reconceptualize the ever-
expanding sea of “keys”
Offers new understanding of
the issue understudy

5. Review the relatively small sea
of “keys” and consolidate what
have been done to date
Offers initial conceptualization
of the issue understudy
WHAT DO WETRYTO GET
OUT OF NEW KEYS?

6. BEFORE ANYTHING...
How important is it to the field?
So what?
Is the scope too narrow?

7. WHAT ARE WE DOING?
Explore
Select
Identify & Reorganize
Generate...
DON’T JUST SUMMARIZE!!!

8. WHATTO LOOK FOR?
Trends
Contradictions
Changes in trends and views

9. Example

10. 1:

11. Digital

12. TeachingPortfolio
We

13. know

14. that...

15.
It

16. can

17. be

18. a

19. good

20. professional

21. learning

22. tool
It

23. allows

24. teachers

25. to

26. reflect

27. upon

28. their

29. pedagogies
It

30. allows

31. teachers

32. to

33. showcase

34. their

35. professional

36.
capacities
More

37. universities

38. are

39. using

40. it,

41. but

42. have

43. reported

44.
different

45. problems
It’s good...in what sense?
How good?

46.
What

47. are

48. the

49. common

50. problems?

51.
What

52. might

53. have

54. contributed

55. to

56. the

57. problems?

58. Example

59. 2:e-Portfolio
We

60. know

61. that...

62.
It

63. serves

64. a

65. variety

66. of

67. purposes
It

68. allows

69. students

70. to

71. reflect

72. upon

73. their

74. learning
It

75. allows

76. students

77. to

78. analyze

79. their

80. strengths

81. and

82.
weaknesses
It

83. allows

84. students

85. to

86. collect

87. evidence

88. for

89. showcasing

90.
their

91. competencies
It’s useful...Is it an
absolutely good tool?

92.
Can

93. students

94. reflect

95. upon

96. their

97. learning

98. experience

99. and

100.
illustrate

101. their

102. weaknesses

103. honestly?

104.
Any

105. implementation

106. problems?
Research gaps???

107. WRITINGTIPS: STRUCTURE
Situation
Problem
This Study
Literature Review
Significance

108. WRITINGTIPS: STRUCTURE
Situations
Synthesized
Coherence
Progressive
Coherence
Noncoherence
Problems Incomplete Inadequate Incommensurate
Golden-Biddle, 1997

109. WRITINGTIPS: STRUCTURE
The current situation + Issue/Problem
Literature
Theoretical background
What we already know
The relevant variables
The need for this study
Purpose, significance, and hypotheses of the study

110. “UNPACKAGING” REAL PAPERS
Gender differences in teacher computer acceptance
Yuen Ma (2002) - cited 119 times
Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions: Gender, social
influence and their role in technology acceptance and usage
behavior
Venkatesh (2000) - cited1705 times

111. WRITINGTIPS:THE SITUATION
Gender differences in teacher computer acceptance
There is a need to know the factors affecting...and its implications
to...There have been a number of studies on...Woodrow
(1992)...Gressard and Loyd (1985)...However, Russel and Bradley
*1997)...
On the other hand, Summers (1990) found that...Nevertheless...
Teachers’ attitudes have not been emphasized in the
implementation of ICT into the classroom, though studies stated
that...
...However...rarely could studies be found on issues of gender
differences in teacher computer acceptance...Thus, the purpose of
the present article is to...Implications...will also be discussed.

112. WRITINGTIPS: LITERATURE
Gender differences in teacher computer acceptance
Technology Acceptance Model
...However, whether this applies to teachers is still in doubt and
further empirical investigation is needed.This, the aim of this
article is to explore...

113. WRITINGTIPS:THE SITUATION
Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions: Gender, social influence
and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior
While advances in hardware and software capabilities continue at an
unprecedented pace, problem of underutilized systems remains.
Importantly, low usage has been listed as one of the underlying causes
behind the so-called “productivity paradox”. Understanding the
conditions...continues to be an important issue...Among the different
models...[The model] posits that...
Two important constructs that have received very little attention in the
context ofTAM research are social influence and gender...
...we seek to achieve three primary objectives...

114. WRITINGTIPS: LITERATURE
Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions: Gender, social influence
and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior
Theoretical development
Short-term effects (selective variables) + Hypotheses
Long-term effects (selective variables) + Hypotheses
In sum, the current research proposes important extensions to the
Technology Acceptance Model using gender as a potential moderator....

115. WRITINGTIPS: LANGUAGE
Topic sentence + Elaboration
ONE point / argument per paragraph!
Headings (and Sub-headings)
Conjunctions Reporting verbs
Be concise precise
Avoid long quotations
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