There are two parts to this assignment. The first section of the r.docx

There are two parts to this assignment. The first section of the
requirements, followed by the first part of the paper, then the
second part of this paper. The FIRST part of the paper
is due by MARCH 19
th
, the SECOND part is due by: MARCH 26th
THE REQUIRED BOOK IS
:
Getlein, Mark.
Living with Art
, 9th Edition., New York: McGraw-Hill.
Your assignment is to write a 4-6-page paper (@1250-1800
words) on one of the following topics. You are expected to cite
at least three sources (outside of the course text) in supporting
your thesis on your chosen topic. (Wikipedia may be used, but
will not be considered one of your three sources).
Please follow these Guidelines:
Double-space the paper, using Times New Roman font in 12-
point.
Use MLA formatting and documentation style.
Cite correctly. Put all copied words, phrases, sentences, etc. in
quotation marks and cite all paraphrased words, ideas, and
arguments correctly.
Include examples of art works to support your analysis. (Feel
free to include illustrations in your paper.)
Use the art vocabulary from Chapters 4 and 5 to describe the art
works
Use originality in your thinking, analysis and selection of art
works

Review the Power Point "How to Write a Comparison" and
announcements: "How to Cite Correctly" and "Just What is a
Thesis Anyway?".
Please use Microsoft Word or software compatible with MS
Word to save your document.
Upload the file in the DROPBOX marked “Research Paper.”
Name your document: last name_ first name_ title.doc; i.e.
Smith_Mary_Art in Time.doc
Choose from the following topics:
Write an essay that addresses this statement: “The definition of
‘art’ has shifted and changed over time and across cultures.”
Refer to specific works of art, artists, styles, conventions,
and/or movements that serve as examples to support your
agreement or disagreement with this statement.
Define and discuss the terms “abstraction,” “representational,”
and “nonrepresentational” in relation to two works of art per
term. Make sure that the works you discuss for each term were
created either in two different centuries or in two different
cultures.
First, discuss the traditional arts and the historical attitude
toward art of one of these cultures: India, China, or Japan.
Second, explain when and how the culture came into contact
with other cultures—especially Western cultures—and the
results of that contact on both. (Note: you must do both parts
here. This is NOT merely a chronological survey of the culture
you select. )
Identify, compare and contrast three artists from different
centuries who have used their art to comment on social or
political issues, citing specific works in support of your
selections. Comment on the reasons that you feel these artists
have succeeded or failed in producing recognition or change
through their art.
Referring to specific works and/or artists, compare and
contrast at least three varying interpretations of the human body

from prehistory to the present. Include the attitudes towards the
human body in each culture. Describe the impact of the
different artists’ styles and representations of the body and
identify the artists or work that you consider most interesting or
compelling and explain why you think so.
Discuss the influence of African art on European and American
art from the 19th century through the present, citing specific
works, artists, styles, or movements that have been influential.
Compare and contrast the themes, purposes, media, and styles of
the arts of any Native American and/or Mesoamerican cultures
with another culture outside of North and South America, that
we have studied.
Discuss the influence of photography on the art of the late 19th
and 20th centuries, citing specific uses of photography. Discuss
the shifting and sharing of the functions and purposes of art by
painting, drawing, and photography. Include the impact of
photography on painting.
Discuss, compare and contrast at least five technological
advances, occurring in at least five different centuries, which
have changed the media and/or purposes of art in major ways.
List and discuss at least five themes of art, identifying and
describing two examples of works (from different centuries or
cultures) that relate to each theme. Look for original and
provocative examples of each theme, and compare and contrast
each pair.
Your paper should be clearly and carefully written. You must be
correct on points of content, but points will also be taken off for
grammatical errors, incorrect documentation and citation style,
careless errors, awkward phrasing, poor sentence construction,
and illogical or confusing organization. A paper of this length
might benefit from being divided into subsections.
As noted above, papers should be double-spaced and follow
MLA documentation formatting and style. All quoted,
paraphrased, or summarized material must be cited, both within

the text of the paper (parenthetical citations) and on a works-
cited page or list of references. Don’t forget to include a
running header with your name and page numbers. Consult a
reputable style guide, such as the Little, Brown Compact
Handbook by Jane E. Aaron, for help on writing style, correct
grammar, and documentation guidelines.
Research Paper Notes
In writing your essay, keep in mind three key elements:
Structure, Content, and Language
These are the three ways in which your essay will be evaluated.
Structure
The structure of the paper is guided by the thesis statement,
which should appear at the end of your first paragraph. Do not
make the reader search for your thesis. Think of the
introductory paragraph as starting and warming up your car. It
is necessary, but it doesn't actually take you anywhere. Think of
the thesis at the end as putting your car in gear. The thesis gives
your paper its direction. There is an important difference
between a thesis and a topic, which you must realize before
writing. The topic is the subject you will be writing about; the
thesis is what you will show to be true in the course of your
paper. Develop your thesis by thinking about how you want to
answer the question or questions raised in the topics listed
above: the position you take or the answer you believe to be
true forms your thesis.
In structuring your paper, remember the analogy with going
somewhere in your car. Most of the time should be spent on the
trip itself. That is, the body of your paper should be much
longer than either the introductory paragraph or the conclusion.
Every “turn” you make in the paper should be a new paragraph.

Give your paper plenty of “fuel” (evidence, reasoning,
quotation) to make it through each paragraph. Make sure that
each paragraph contributes to reaching your destination.
The final paragraph should be your conclusion. The conclusion
is like stopping the car and parking it. It doesn't take long, but
it is absolutely necessary. In your conclusion, confirm that you
have reached your destination and how you got there. You
might also want to briefly touch on some other implications or
issues which you didn't have time to discuss in the paper (places
you'd like to go that are along that same direction, but don't
have time to explore at this point).
Content
The second element of a good essay is the content. No matter
how well-structured and well-written your paper might be, if
you don't have the content, this is not a good paper. First
consider whether you have answered all the questions stated in
the assigned topic. This is a very important consideration.
Second, be sure that all the content in your paper contributes to
reaching your destination. You don't want any wasted space.
Most importantly, make sure that you prove your point, and that
you show mastery of the readings (textbook, Web resources,
threaded discussions) in your paper. Define all technical terms,
and make sure that you support all your points. Give reasons,
evidence, quotations, and illustrations, and concrete examples
to make your points perfectly clear and justified.
Language
The way you use the English language is fundamental to the
quality of your paper. It reflects your education, the clarity and
complexity of your thinking, and the care you have taken in
constructing your argument or exposition. Think of words as
tools. You want the right tool for the job, but use the ones you

are comfortable using. Try to strike a balance between words
that are too technical for you to use comfortably and words that
are too colloquial (too much like the language you use in
speaking) to do the job of conveying the complexity of your
meaning. If you use a technical word, be sure to define it. If you
use a quotation, keep in mind that no quotation ever stands on
its own. You must explain why you are using the quotation, and
what it means to you.
Always cite your sources! This is very important. Whenever you
are using three or more words taken from someone other than
yourself, you must tell the reader where you found those words.
If it is a Web page, you must cite both the URL and the date
you located it at that URL. If it is the textbook, give the
author's name and page number where the quotation is located
in parentheses after the quotation. Merely changing a few words
or the order of another author’s words does not constitute a
legitimate paraphrase: you must re-state the author’s meaning in
your own words. In cases of paraphrase, you must still cite your
sources. The ideas or even the order of exposition are not
entirely your own, so you must attribute them to their proper
source.
Always proofread for typographical errors. It is a good idea to
read your paper aloud to see if you are using any sentence
constructions which do not make sense, if you are switching
tenses or voices in mid-paragraph, etc. It is an even better idea
to share your paper with others to see if they can help you. If
you know that you have trouble with grammar or spelling,
review your work carefully before you submit your paper. Your
writing represents your effort at communicating not just the
ideas in your mind, but also your considered opinion—what you
really think. Sloppy writing will generally be construed as
reflecting sloppy thinking. Be careful to let your words
represent your best thoughts as well as possible.

Final Research Paper: Part 1
The Research Paper assignment is divided into two parts: the
overall assignment is to write a 4-6-page paper (@1250-1800
words) on one from a list of topics (please see “Final Paper:
Part 2” for the entire list of acceptable topics). You are
expected to cite at least three sources (outside of the course
text) in supporting your thesis on your chosen topic. Please
double-space the paper, using Times New Roman font in 12-
point. Please use MLA formatting and documentation style. Be
sure to put all copied words, phrases, sentences, etc. in
quotation marks and cite all paraphrased words, ideas, and
arguments. Feel free to include illustrations in your paper.
Part 1 of the Final Research paper consists of the following
THREE items, which are required for satisfactory completion of
this assignment:
Your introductory paragraph. This should begin with a "hook,"
introduce your topic, and include your thesis statement. Also,
don't forget to come up with an original, creative, meaninful
title. Avoid simply repeating the name of the assignment as the
title of your paper.
A a list of possible sources. This may change as you continue
your research.
A one-page outline of your paper. This should indicate how you
will break down your topic and how you intend to support your
thesis.
Please see the two sample Final Papers Part 1 included here
below. (Note, some of the formatting has been lost. Check
correct outline form online. Also see "Topics & Guidelines" for
more information.
Note: Please use Microsoft Word or software compatible with
MS Word to save your document

Two examples of Final Paper Part 1
Example 1
: Strengths of this example: This student has a clear idea of the
thesis and repeats in intro to outline, includes what concepts
will be discussed in the outline and includes specifics in the
conclusion. This would be even stronger if specific works of art
were also included in the outline
.
Student 1 Name
Date of class
ART – 100 Introduction to Art History
Unit 2 Research Paper: Part One
Introduction
There are varying degrees and definitions of the term “art.” It

is a word that embodies culture, history, creativity, and spans
generations of people and miles of geography. “Art” is a
concept, not just a word. Art is a way of life and a way of
looking at the world with an open mind and a creative attitude.
To give such a broad concept an actual literary definition is
limiting its meaning and not allowing “art” to move freely
through genres and throughout the world. “Art” can be
anything from a child’s drawing on a parent’s refrigerator to a
college art student’s final project to a historical piece in a
museum. To truly study and examine the definition of art, we
need to explore the history and development of various cultures
and apply these concepts to a more well-rounded meaning of
what art actually embodies.
List of possible sources:
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/
- The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History from the Metropolitan
Museum of Art
http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/-
Art History Movements
http://ardictionary.com/Art/8944
- Definition : Art (Meaning of Art)
Outline
I intend on utilizing the above mentioned sources in an attempt
to further study the definition of art and how it has changed
across periods of time and spaces of land. Our text book will
also be utilized as a source, (Living with Art – 8
th
Edition by Mark Getlein).

I will support my thesis (To truly study and examine the
definition of art, we need to explore the history and
development of various cultures and apply these concepts to a
more well-rounded meaning of what art actually embodies.) by
drawing upon my research and readings in an effort to discuss
the way the definition of art has altered throughout history.
I. Introduction
A. Personal view of how the concept and definition of
art has changed
B.
Discussion of ways that art has changed and how studying that
change is essential to learning what art really is.
II. Body of Paper
A. Examples of how art has changed throughout time.
i. Possible reference of Metropolitan Museum
timeline.
ii. Support from textbook about different periods
of Art.
B. Various meanings of “art”
i. Website research
ii. Dictionary definition
iii. Art historians perspectives
C. Cultural Concepts of Art

i. How art changes across the world.
ii.
Major themes of art in different countries.
III. Conclusion
A. Bring thesis to light by validation of major themes
discussed in paper.
B. Conclude research by reinstating major ideas and
their significance.
Example 2
: Strengths of this example include
what concepts are covered in each part of the outline and art
examples to be used. This student began each section with a
quotation which is an original addition, but not required.
My suggestions to this student included how the conclusion
might become more interesting:
"While researching this and reflecting upon it, see if you come
to any interesting conclusions of your own about how these 3
approaches to art compare."

[Student name]
[date]
[Title of paper]
“Works of art, in my opinion, are the only objects in the
material universe to possess internal order, and that is why,
though I don't believe that only art matters, I do believe in Art
for Art's sake.”
E. M. Forster
British novelist (1879 - 1970)
(Resourse of Art Quotations The Painter's Keys)
It is the purpose of this paper to explore the terms,
“Abstraction”, “Representational” and “Non-Representational”
as they occur in art history. They will be examined in not only
definitional terms, but in relationship to paintings by artists
from differing cultures and over centuries of time. The terms
are not absolute in value, but like the artwork within these
categories, are dynamic and at times intersect and overlap.
Throughout history, artists have been influenced by the culture,
political attitudes and religious attitudes of the times and, as
expected, these influences are directly reflected in the artwork
that will be examined in terms of the above mentioned
terminology.
I. Representational Art

A) Quotation: “It is the special privilege of the fine artist
to reveal immediate data with clarity, intensity and purity that
promotes them to special degree of reality.”
-Alton S.
Tobey
B) Definition of term
C) Examination of Artwork in relationship to term:
1) Paul Cezanne, “Apples, Peaches Pears and
Grapes” 1879-80
2) Sofonisba Anguissola, “Portrait of
Amilcare, Minerva, and Asdrubale Anguissola”
II. Non-Representational Art
A) Quotation: “The painting has a life of its own. I
try to let it come through”-Jackson Pollock
B) Definition of terms including relationship to
Abstract Art
1) Jackson Pollock, “Shimmering Substances”
1946
2) Pat Steir, “Summer Moon” 2005

III. Abstraction in Art:
A) Quotation- “There is no abstract art. You must
always start with something. Afterward you can remove all
traces of reality.”- Pablo Picasso
B) Definition of term
1) Wassily Kandinsky “Painting with Troika”
1911
2) Edvard Munch “The Scream” 1893
IV. Conclusion: Comparison and contrast of how : these
terms are not absolute in value, but like the artwork within
these categories, are dynamic and at times intersect and overlap.
References:
(n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from Museum of Fine Arts,
Boston: http://www.mfa.org
Abstract vs. Non Representational Art
. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17th, 2009, from Humanities Web:
http://www.humanitiesweb.org
Art Institute of Chicago

. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from http://www.artic.edu
Art Quotes
. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from http://artquotes.net
Getlein, M. (2008).
Living With Art, Eight Edition.
New York, NY: McGraw Hill .
Hahn, H. (n.d.).
Understanding Abstract Art
. Retrieved February 17, 2009, from Harley Hahn Art Center:
http:www.harley.com
New World Encyclopedia
. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org
Representational Art: Realistic Style of Painting
. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from Encyclopedia of
Irish & World Art: http://www.vivall-arts-cork.com
Resourse of Art Quotations The Painter's Keys
. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from The Painter's Keys:
http://quote.robertgenn.com
Research Paper: Part 2 (Final Draft)
Final Research Paper: Part 2

Turn in the final draft of your 4-6-page paper (@1250-1800
words) on one of the following topics. You are expected to cite
at least three sources (outside of the course text) in supporting
your thesis on your chosen topic. Please double-space the paper,
using Times New Roman font in 12-point. You may use either
MLA or APA formatting and documentation style. Be sure to
put all copied words, phrases, sentences, etc. in quotation marks
and cite all paraphrased words, ideas, and arguments. Feel free
to include illustrations in your paper.
Be sure to read through the Guidelines (click on "Research
Paper: Topics & Guidelines" below) for tips on writing the
paper.
Choose from the following topics:
Define and discuss the terms “abstraction,” “representational,”
and “nonrepresentational” in relation to two works of art per
term. Make sure that the works you discuss for each term were
created either in two different centuries or in two different
cultures.
Discuss the traditional arts and the historical attitude toward art
of one of these cultures: India, China, or Japan. Explain when
and how the culture came into contact with other cultures—
especially Western cultures—and the results of that contact on
both.
Identify three artists from different centuries who have used
their art to comment on social or political issues, citing specific
works in support of your selections. Comment on the reasons
that you feel these artists have succeeded or failed in producing

recognition or change through their art.
Referring to specific works and/or artists, discuss at least five
varying interpretations of the human body from prehistory to
the present. Describe the impact of the different artists’ styles
and representations of the body and identify the artists or work
that you consider most interesting or compelling and explain
why you think so.
Discuss the influence of African art on European and American
art from the 19th century through the present, citing specific
works, artists, styles, or movements that have been influential.
Compare and contrast the themes, purposes, media, and styles of
the arts of any two Native American and/or Mesoamerican
cultures.
Discuss the influence of photography on the art of the late 19th
and 20th centuries, citing specific uses of photography. Discuss
the shifting and sharing of the functions and purposes of art by
painting, drawing, and photography.
Discuss at least five technological advances, occurring in at
least five different centuries, which have changed the media
and/or purposes of art in major ways.
List and discuss at least five themes of art, identifying and
describing two examples of works (from different centuries or
cultures) that relate to each theme.

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