RCREEE Regional Renewable Energy Conference 4 February, 2010

1. Dii
Desertec Industrial Initiative
Enabling the DESERTEC Concept
Thorsten Marquardt
Project Office Manager
RCREEE – Regional Renewable Energy Conference
February 4, 2010
Sheraton Hotel Amman, Jordan
Page 1

2. Solar power has been recognized ahead of time
„ I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy.
„ I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy.
What a source of power!
What a source of power!
II hope we don't have to wait 'til oil and coal run out
hope we don't have to wait 'til oil and coal run out
before we tackle that.“
before we tackle that.“
Thomas Alva Edison, 1847-1931
Thomas Alva Edison, 1847-1931
Page 2
Pictures: Abengoa Solar, Solar Millenium, ABB

3. The deserts of the earth offer excellent irradiation
conditions for large scale solar power generation
Solar irradiation globally
Excellent Very good
(> 2,200 kWh/m2/a) (> 1,800 kWh/m2/a)
Good Not suitable
(> 1,400 kWh/m2/a) (< 1,400 kWh/m2/a)
Source: Solar Millenium, iset, DWD, BMU, Solaraccess, BUND Naturschutz
Page 3

4. DESERTEC concept is leading vision for
Dii - Desertec industrial Initiative
Vision: Providing North
Africa, the Middle East
and Europe (MENA)
with a sustainable
supply of renewable
energy by the year 2050
Developed by the Club
of Rome’s TREC
Initiative (Trans-
mediterranean
Renewable Energy
Cooperation)
Source: DESERTEC Foundation
Page 4

5. DESERTEC is leading concept for
Dii – Desertec industrial Initiative
Basic assumptions and facts
Make use of renewable, mainly solar, energy from the deserts, the biggest
energy resource available on earth
More than 90 % of the world‘s population are living in areas that are less than
3,000 km away from deserts and thus could be supplied with solar power
Holistic approach
Integration of renewable energy and transmission grids
Socio-economic developments
Extensions to water supply, growing biomass etc.
The DESERTEC concept supports EU and MENA government initiatives on
energy and climate protection (such as Mediterranean Solar Plan)
Page 5

6. Dii consortium: enable Desertec implementation
in the MENA region
Consortium of 12 companies and the DESERTEC Foundation on 30/10/2009
Started with German, Spanish and Algerian shareholders. Additional
shareholders and associated partners from MENA and EU are being acquired
Mission – Long term objective:
Cover a substantial part of the MENA electricity demand and 15%
of the European demand by 2050
Create acceptance and conditions enabling investments
Connecting cultures and people
Creating a regulatory framework
Enabling feasible investments
Page 6

7. Main objectives of Dii until 2012
Focus areas of Dii within the next three years:
Regulatory and
Regulatory and Creating acceptance and willingness in MENA and EU. Analysis
legislative
legislative
environment
environment and negotiation of a favorable legal and regulatory framework
Roll-out
Roll-out Over all long-term strategy until 2050. Investment and financing
plan
plan guidance
Concrete
Concrete
reference
Origination of early reference projects in order to demonstrate the
reference
projects
projects
feasibility of the concept
Additional
Additional E.g: Survey on availability of primary energy, technology survey,
studies
studies market analysis (new investors)
Page 7

8. Dii can add value to the region – and needs
regional support
Dii contributes Dii might ask for
• Technological and industrial • Acceptance and willingness to
expertise and skills enable DESERTEC concept
• Project development • Support for development of
reliable regulatory framework as
• Support for industrial
basis for investments
development of MENA
countries with development of • Close cooperation with local
market design industry
• Financing capability • Financing capability
Page 8

9. Dii is technology open – and technologies are
existing
Power generation from sun and wind
CSP
CSP Concentration of sunlight by mirrors and transformation into heat
Concentrating
Concentrating Power generation by steam turbines
Solar Power
Solar Power Heat storage enables base load capability
PV
PV Direct conversion of sunlight to electric energy (photoelectric effect)
Photovoltaic
Photovoltaic Large fields with trackers aligned to sunlight
Power
Power No storage facilities, but sharp learning curve!
On- and offshore wind farms
Wind
Wind Less space needed, but higher power volatility
Power
Power Desert capabilities
Long Distance Power transmission by High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)
HVDC
HVDC Power transmission over large distances
High Voltage
High Voltage Selected reinforcement of existing transmission grids
Direct Current
Direct Current Design for EUMENA supergrid
Page 9
Pictures: Solar Millenium, ABB, Siemens

10. Challenge: be economically feasible – break even
with conventional power is crucial
Accelerated cost
Accelerated cost
degression of
degression of
CSP, PV, wind and HVDC
CSP, PV, wind and HVDC
systems
systems
Break-even of Sahara
Break-even of Sahara
energy compared with
energy compared with
conventional power:
conventional power:
Between 2020-2030
Between 2020-2030
Rising environmental
Rising environmental
Rising fuel prices
Rising fuel prices costs
costs
Source: German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Page 10

11. Proposals for a Mediterranean ring connecting
MENA with EU support DESERTEC concept
Source: Euro-Mediterranean Energy Fourm
Page 11

12. Renewable potential is huge – much higher than
MENA total demand by 2050
> 630,000
600,000
How does a
How does a Solar
Electricity in TWh/a
sustainable Mix
sustainable Mix
look like?
look like? Geothermal
10,000
Hydro
8,000 Wind
Biomass
6,000 Wave / Tide
MENA
4,000
Europe
2,000
0
Demand 2010 Demand 2050 Potential of
Renewables
Source: German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Page 12

13. Dii is about connecting people
Page 13