Various techniques which can be used in buildings to reduce its artificial energy consumption

1. RAJAT NAINWAL
B. ARCH. ( VII SEM. )
110695027
SAP, SHARDA UNIV.
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF -
MRS. RICHA MALIKINTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
B
U
I
L
D
I
N
G
E
N
V
E
L
O
P
E
S
Solar energy is abundant, non-pollu ng and does not emit greenhouse gases responsible for
global warming. solar energy helps to warm and light many buildings and can make a
significant contribu on to mee ng demand for electricity and hot water.
Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
Most people are familiar with solar photovoltaic
(PV) technology. PV cells (o en referred to as "solar
cells") convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar
cells are connected together to form solar panels.
Mul ple panels together form the solar arrays
commonly seen on roofs and as free-standing
installa ons. Large-scale PV arrays, some mes
referred to as "solar farms," can generate
commercial electric power. Small scale solar PV is
providing power to a growing number of individual
homes, farms, businesses and ins tu ons .
A solar cell is an electronic device which directly
converts sunlight into electricity. Light shining on
the solar cell produces both a current and a
voltage to generate electric power. This process
requires firstly, a material in which the
absorp on of light raises an electron to a higher
energy state, and secondly, the movement of this
higher energy electron from the solar cell into an
external circuit. The electron then dissipates its
energy in the external circuit and returns to the
solar cell.
PV systems are classified by their rated power output (the peak power they produce when
exposed to solar radia on of 1,000 Wa s per square meter at a module temperature of
25°C). Systems rated between 1 and 5 kilowa s are generally sufficient to meet most of the
needs of home and small business owners.
The basic steps in the
opera on of a solar cell
are:
the genera on of light-
generated carriers;
the collec on of the light-
generated carries to
generate a current;
the genera on of a large
voltage across the solar
cell; and
Double-skin facade
The double-skin facade is conversely
characterised by an openable double glazed
inner windowpane and a closed single
windowpane on the outside. The cavity space
between the glass structures is connected to
the outdoor air to induce natural ven la on.
The double-skin facade is of a bigger size than
the climate facade. In prac ce the depth of
the air cavity varies between 200 and 1000
mm. The double-skin facade is par cularly
advantageous during the mid-season when,
for the majority of the me, it u lises the
outdoor climate. One of the most significant
advantages it offers is the ability to use
natural ven la on, even in high rise buildings.
The advantages of a double skin
facade are as follows:
• openable windows in rooms at
great height in the building.
• less energy consump on for the
cooling and ven la on system.
• inner windowpane does not
shield inside heat capacity of the
building.
• in buildings requiring renova on,
thermal bridges are warmly
wrapped up and the total
insula on value of `the facade is
increased.
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3