History and introduction to genetics

1. GENETICS

2. Table of contents
1. Introduction
2. Definition
3. Spontaneous generation
4. Inheritance of acquired
characters
5. Germplasm theory
6. Mendel’s Laws
7. Chromosomal theory of
inheritance
2

3. Genetics deals with the
principles of the similarities
between parents and
progeny and the differences
among the individuals of a
single species.
It is the science of
inheritance and variations.
Introduction
3

4. 4
Definition
Genetics may be
defined as the
science that deals
with the
structure,
organization,
transmission and
function of genes
and the origin of
variations in
them.

5. “
Your genetics loads the Gun,
your lifestyle pulls the trigger.
5

6. Spontaneous
generation
(Redi and
Spallanzani)
Redi (1621-1697) and Spallanzani (1729-1799)
proposed that the some primitive organisms
developed from non-living matter.
6
Life
Non-living
Organic
matter

7. Spontaneous
generation
(Pasteur and
Tyndall)
Lois Pasteur (1822-1895) and Tyndall (1820-1893)
proved that the organisms develop from pre-existing
organisms.
7
Present day
organisms
Pre-existing
organisms

8. Characters acquired by individuals of one generation and
transmitted to next generation.
Lamarck (1744-1829)
Inheritance of
acquired
characters
8

9. Germplasm
theory
Changes taking place in germplasm are only transmitted.
August Weismann (1883)
9

10. A picture is
worth a
thousand
words
10

11. Father of Genetics
11

12. Mendel’s
Laws (1866)
Law of
Segregation
12
Law of
Independent
Assortment

13. Chromosomal
theory of
Inheritance
13
In 1902 and 1903, Sutton and Boveri published independent papers
proposing what we now call the chromosome theory of inheritance.
This theory states that individual genes are found at specific locations on
particular chromosomes, and that the behavior of chromosomes during
meiosis can explain why genes are inherited according to Mendel’s laws

14. Branches of
Genetics
14
Classical
Genetics
Recombinant
DNA technology
Molecular
Genetics
Biochemical
genetics
Genetics

15. 15
Genetics and
Happiness

16. 16