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Why Do We Need Organ Transplants
Organ Transplants– A Chance At New Life There are twenty–two people that die daily waiting for
an organ transplant (Organ Statistics). This number continues to increase as people do not receive
vital organs that are necessary for them to live. Scientific experimentation is consistently shown by
Jekyll, most notably when he transforms into Hyde. Organ transplants are an example of scientific
experimentation in order to receive a positive outcome; saving lives. Based upon the scientific
theories posed in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, organ transplants should be legal
because they save many lives and provide opportunities that patients may not have had without
undergoing a transplant and are constantly advancing. Although many ... Show more content on
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Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, there is a strong importance of scientific experiments and their advancements.
Jekyll learns through his scientific experiments that man is not just one, but two– good and evil. As
he researches more into in the discovery, he is at first hesitant to experiment. However, he ultimately
decides that the experiment itself could provide many positives. "I hesitated long before I put this
theory to the test of practice, I knew that I risked death. But the temptation of a discovery so
singular and profound at last overcame the suggestion of alarm" (Stevenson, 66–67). Jekyll
understood the risks, but knew that it could lead to a better future. Although there is risk in an organ
transplant process, as there is in any surgery, it is ultimately beneficial to the patient and their health.
Jekyll had a strong, propitious feeling when he reached a point of development in his research and
experimentation. Similarly to the organ transplant process, often organ donors are left with a
rewarding feeling. "The gift of an organ can save the life of a transplant candidate. The experience
of providing this special gift to a person in need and serve as a positive aspect of the donation. Some
donors have reported positive emotional experiences from their donation" (About Organ Donation).
All donors will willingly provide organs to others, often through their death, but sometimes living,
numerous people still believe that transplants should
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Organ Transplants : An Organization
Lizetth Gonzalez Mrs. Forsythe English 7–8 1B January 20, 2015 Organ Transplants Despite the
fact that more than a million have signed up to become donors the number of donors is still nowhere
near the number of people on waiting for transplants therefore, resulting in an average of eighteen
deaths every day due to the shortage. (Pros) Keep in mind the amount of lives saved or restored
when a single organ donor can save up to eight lives. In addition to saving lives and restoring broken
lives, a donation can reduce medical expenses of patients because they no longer require regular
checkups or medication after a transplant. As well as helping patients, donating organs provides an
opportunity to make a tragic occurrence into a delightful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
(Pros) As can be seen in the figure below, many organs potentially qualify for transplants providing
the opportunity of saving more than one life from a single donation if all organs qualify for
transplants. (Pros) The graph above represents the number of transplants performed each year for
every organ provided. In 2008, over fifteen thousand kidneys and two thousands hearts provided
new life through transplantation and given to patients in need. Thousands of transplants take place
each year; however, the amount of patients on waiting lists continues to grow with forty–five
percent of certain people remaining on transplant waiting lists. (Pros) The amount of people that
require transplants becomes bigger every day. In 2009, the number of patients on waiting lists was
over one hundred thousand while the number of donors remained under twenty thousand. (Pros)
Everyday donors become a greater necessity in order to help others' lives get better. However, when
a person becomes a donor families may develop issues with the process that takes place before a
donor becomes a qualified donor. For example, some families do not appreciate having their family
member on life support while organs are removed; however, potential donors are first tested and
organ removal does not begin until they are declared brain dead. Some organs require
transplantation in a matter of hours after removal for the sake of the recipient's health and the
functioning of
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Determining Who Should Receive An Organ Transplant Can
Determining who should receive an organ transplant can be a tricky and difficult task. According to
the UNOS, the company that maintains the organ transplant list, there are various factors that are
under consideration when an organ is available. Things like blood type, tissue type, medical
urgency, and proximity to the donor are all taken into consideration; factors like age, income, or
racial/ethnic background are not even taken into consideration. Furthermore, the transplant list is
more like a pool than a list. So, if one patient hits more criteria than another patient, then he or she
will receive the organ, regardless of their status ("The Gift of a Lifetime"). While this system may
seem slow or flawed, it allows patients the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the patients', Patient A, limb failed due to a freak car accident where he was t–boned by a
drunk driver. On the other hand, Patient B's limb failed due to heroin addiction, an outcome he was
fully aware of as an avid user. Now, who deserves the limb transplant? If we just consider the
distributive norm of need in our definition of distributive justice, we will be stuck at an impasse.
Because both Patients A and B are both in dire straits, we can say that they both a have strong claim
to the scarce good in question. However, if we consider including the distributive norm of equity in
the definition of distributive justice, this problem can be remedied. The norm is equity is as follows:
a person's claim to a scarce good should be dependent on how much of a role he or she plays in the
outcome (Anderson). In other words, this would mean that those who work harder deserve a larger
share of outcome than those who do not put in as much effort. In the case of organ transplants, we
can apply this norm as the following: a patient's claim to an organ is dependent on how little of a
role they play in their need for a transplant. This essentially means that those who play a less active
role in harm caused to their organs have a better claim than those who are actively damaging their
organs. Now, applying this norm to our definition of distributive justice, we will be able to
determine that Patient A is more deserving of the limb transplant
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Organ Transplants
Organ Transplants are done everyday, hearts, lungs, kidneys and so many more. The strange thing is
people and scientist are beginning to think that possible memories are stored in these organs. People
have began to show different characteristics after they have had an organ transplant surgery. Most
scientist have had actual meetings with recipients and the donors to actually try and figure out why
our organs are able to do this. Even though the research scientist have done does not fully say for
sure whether or not this is actually a proven fact they are almost positive this could be the reasoning
behind the recipients starting to have different characteristics in the way they live. Organ donors
maybe doing more for someone ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Considering they can make a person change their characteristics after receiving a donor's heart,
kidney, and liver. There is just to much research for me in my opinion to not be able to think that this
is true. Many scientist have come in contact with people and talked about their characteristics
altering after their operation. I do believe in the possibility of other people's organs and our hearts
transmitting electromagnetic fields which are leading people to believe this is why we feel the way
we do around certain people. Or this could be the reason why our moods are able to change when
were are around people who we are close to according to their
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Organ Transplant
An organ transplant is a surgical operation conducted to replace an organ unable to function
properly with a new one. An organ, in turn, is an accumulation of cells and tissues gathered to
perform the functions of body. Therefore, any part of the body which acts as a performer of specific
function is called an organ. There are two possible ways of how the organ donation (OD) can take
place. The first is the donation of cadaveric organs (organs from recently deceased people). The
decision to donate in this way requires the consent of a person in the form of an indication on the
driver license, like in the USA (Gruessner, Benedetti, 2008, 54) or health care document as an organ
donor card, in Netherlands, Sweden, Ireland, for example ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Generally, Buddhism considers OD to be a positive act of human. Buddhists say that when a person
dies, he should be treated with a care, but there is no essential focus on physical integrity, i.e. body
is not necessary to be kept integral (Oliver et al, 2010, 4). From this one might come up with a
thought that buddhists' focus on spiritual development and individual consciousness is given much
attention in the religion, while preservation of physical body might not be crucial. Consequently,
giving an organ to another person would not be perceived as inappropriate act, but rather as an
expression of generosity and altruism.
From the evidences presented above it may be concluded that none of the major religions forbids
OD to be done by a person. Basically, they encourage people to make self–sacrificial,
compassionate and benevolent to the humanity acts, such as donations. Likewise, some religions
leave a space for people to identify whether they suppose OD to be an act of charity or mistreatment
of individual's self–esteem by themselves. Religion mostly directs a person to follow a right, in their
understanding, path on grounds of what is appropriate and what should not be done to avoid
mistakes or improper behavior. Meanwhile, people, being followers of a particular religion, might
interpret
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Organ Donation : A Transplant
"Organ donation is the surgical process of providing one or more organs to be used for
transplantation into another person. Organ donors can be deceased or living" (U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services, 2016, p. 1). The very first successful organ transplant was a kidney
transplant performed in 1954. By the late 1960's they were successfully transplanting livers, hearts
and pancreases. Lung and intestinal transplants came shortly after in the 1980's. At this very second
121,574 people are waiting for an organ and every day 22 people will die while they wait. A single
organ donor can save up to 8 lives (HRSA, 2016). The number one reason for an organ transplant is
end–stage organ failure which can be caused by a number of diseases. Examples of diseases that can
lead to needed an organ transplant is Cardiomyopathy, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,
Hepatitis and Cirrhosis. Once somebody finds out that they need a transplant the first step is to get a
referral from their physician to be seen by a transplant program to find out if they qualify as a
candidate. The second step is to pick a transplant program. It's important to do as much research as
one can to find exactly which one meets the patient's needs. The final step is to get listed. Once a
patient is deemed a suitable candidate the transplant team will add you to the Organ Procurement
Transplant Network (OPTN) list. (HRSA, 2016) Organ donation only happens with organ donors.
Anybody can enroll in their
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The Ruling Trend Of Organ Transplants
The Ruling trend of Organ Transplants Needed Ever thought about being a hero? Or how about a
life–saver? Well... you can be one by being an organ donor. Twenty–two humans die, everyday,
while waiting for their hero; for an organ donor to donate their organs to those in need.
(AmericanTransplantFoundation.org, 2016). Since, the lack of organs is donated, people are forced
to illegally buying on the black market for organs. According to CNN, "... highest demand is the
kidney and black market traffickers are meeting that demand...7,000 kidneys are obtained illegally
every year... Organ trafficking is an illegal, yet thriving trade around the globe"( Pokharel, 2015).
The fact is the black market has a tremendous amount of organs and people are not put on a waiting
list when it comes to money and trickery. This has become a ruling trend since, people are not
donating much, nonetheless on the black market there are tons of organs for sale, this has led to a
continuous rise in organ sales, and Organ donation after cardiac death has increased the knowledge
of whether or not this method is appropriate for recovering the organs compared to organ sales.
First, there are not enough donors as there are needed for those in need of an organ transplant,
however, on the black market there are tons of illegal organs for sale. This has become a ruling trend
as to whether or not this should be illegal or if donors should be rewarded for their donation.
Although it can be used in numerous ways,
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Essay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners
In the article "Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution", Jacob
M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system's view that death–row inmates deserve to
die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. "The United
States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical
treatment as the free public" (645).
"When it comes to healthcare, 'bad people' are as equal as the rest of us" (646). When someone is
sentenced to execution it is decided by the criminal justice system, not the medical community. The
justice system views these peoples' social worth as so low that they deserve to die for the crimes
they have committed. "The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The OPTN says that just because someone is in prison doesn't mean they should not be considered
for an organ transplant, the "screening for all potential recipients should be done at the candidacy
stage and once listed, all candidates should be eligible for equitable allocation of organs" (648). On
the basis of social worth, physicians shouldn't discriminate by using social value as criteria for
medical decisions. Sade says that psychosocial factors may be used as selection criteria, however,
because they might shed light on whether or not adequate social support systems exist for the
transplant recipient. "The prison sentence is payment for the crime; the prisoner owes nothing more
to society, certainly not his or her life" (647). The transplant center brings up the issue of money.
When a non–prisoner has a transplant operation, they fund the surgery with the help of insurance
and public health programs like Medicare and Medicaid. Prisoners have neither private nor public
insurance aside from what the prison system has in their budget, so this begs the question, "should
the prison pay for a heart transplant for a convicted criminal?" The answer is no. Most prison
systems can only afford to provide general health care, but not the large amount of funds needed for
a heart transplant. Sade says the bill for aftercare of a prisoner's heart transplant done in California
in
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Essay on The Safety of Organ Transplants
Fourteen years old Joshua Smith is at his baseball game, as he runs around the bases and heads to
second, he grabs his chest and collapse. Joshua is quickly put on a stretcher for the Emergency
Room(ER). After a number of tests at the hospital, the doctor informs Joshua's father concerning
Joshua's condition. "Joshua has an enlarged heart and will need a transplant to save his life" states
the doctor. There are no organs available, so Joshua's name is placed on the waiting list until further
notice. Nearly four months later, an organ donor becomes available and Joshua is notified. There is a
great chance that the organ will not be rejected if it is a good match. Once the suitable organ is
found, the process quickly begins, calling it the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Every ten minutes another name is added to the national organ transplant waiting list. In addition to
an average of eighteen people die each day due to the lack of unavailable organs for transplant.
There are numerous problems dealing with organ transplantation. A major issue concerning organ
transplantation is that organ donors are deficient and scarce. Donors have been known to scarce
because not everyone takes good care of his or her body. There are not enough people to donate
organs, yet the amount of people in need of organs is increasing by the hour. "Another conflict is
organ transplants can still lead to other medical problems. This is usually because of the medicine
you need to suppress your immune system" (Nazario Brunilda , "Common"). After an organ
transplants, it is a must that you continuously take your medication; a sudden stop will most likely
cause the immune system to reject the organ. "The medications can also raise your blood pressure
and can cause osteoporosis due to loss of calcium" (Etienne, Flueridor Wendy).
The other challenge to transplanting organs is the body's immune system rejecting the procedure
because it is unnatural to it. The body's immune system is set up to defend the body against any
foreign disease–causing bacteria, viruses and or fungi. A procedure like this is alienated by the body
at time because it
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Pros And Cons Of Organ Donation And Transplants
Khushpreet Virk – Pros 806949 Mrs. Englehart Biology June 13, 2017 Organ donation/transplant
Pros – Animal transplants: – Revivicor a company that takes pig organs and genetically modify
them for human transplants. (Hansman, n.d) – Genes for humans are put into organs to make them
suitable for human bodies. (Hansman, n.d) – Baboons: – Live 950 days (Hansman, n.d) – 90%
similar DNA as humans (Hansman, n.d) Transplants: – There are different types of trnsplants for
different diseases such as: – Cardiomyopathy (heart). (tds, n.d) – Emphysema – Cystic fibrosis, or
pulmonary fibrosis (lung). (tds, n.d) – Hepatitis – biliary atresia (liver). (tds, n.d) – diabetes or
hypertension (kidney). (tds, n.d) – diabetes (pancreas). (tds, n.d) – short bowel syndrome (intestine).
(tds, n.d) Organ donation: – 120,000 people in the United States are willing to do organ transplants
or are willing to get an organ from another human. (liveonmy, n.d) – Second life for a person.
(liveonmy, n.d) – Persons quality of life can improve by doing a lung transplant for the people that
have cystic fibrosis, also it will help people that have poor eye sight. Additionally, painless
movement can be gained by a tissue transplant. (liveonmy, n.d) – Family members around the world
are happy and accept the fact that their deceased family member's death will help someone live or
help someone live a better life. (liveonmy, n.d) – 8 people can be given organs from one organ
donor. (liveonmy, n.d) – Some people
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Organ Transplant Essay
Organ Transplant
What is organ transplantation?
Organ transplantation is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a failed organ with a healthy
organ donated by another individual. Organ transplantation is often reserved as a last resort
therapeutic option in certain individuals with end–stage organ disease. It is generally an option in
individuals that have a life expectancy of 10 or more years. Patients frequently have to undergo a
series of laboratory tests including screening for infectious diseases (eg, HIV, CMV, hepatitis B and
C, tuberculosis) and other conditions prior to being considered a transplant candidate. Individuals
are also normally tested for illicit drug use and screened for coexisting psychological disorders ...
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Patients with end–stage kidney disease are also often bridged to kidney transplantation. They
typically receive placement of a hemodialysis catheter or arteriovenous fistula in order to undergo
dialysis three times per week. Dialysis machines act like the kidneys by filtering blood and
balancing fluid and electrolyte levels.
Patients receiving lung transplantation often have respiratory failure and require continuous oxygen
therapy. Occasionally, these individuals need assisted ventilation with a breathing machine
(mechanical ventilation). Individuals with cirrhosis and end–stage liver disease are normally
managed with medications to treat symptoms and complications of liver disease. They frequently
receive therapeutic paracentesis and occasionally require a TIPS procedure prior to liver
transplantation. Those with fulminant liver failure typically require urgent liver transplantation.
What laboratory tests are ordered in transplant recipients?
Commonly ordered blood tests in transplant recipients typically include a CMP (comprehensive
metabolic panel), CBC (complete blood cell count), and thyroid function studies (TSH, free T4). A
urine analysis, pregnancy test (in women of reproductive age), and urine drug screen are also
normally obtained. Urine is also normally sent for bacterial culture. Your doctor may order blood
tests evaluating for exposure to certain viruses such as human immunodeficiency
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The National Organ Transplant Act Of 1984
Abstract
This paper will discuss the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984. It will address the public need of
the time and really see what was happening that congress felt that this was a needed piece of
legislation. Along with the public's need we will address the policy's solution. Were we will see what
the intended purpose of this act involved and see just how the government planned to help. It will
also look at the some of the difficulties that this specific act faced then and now. We will also look
into the effectiveness of this policy. Looking at what it has helped, where it has fallen short.
Keywords: NOTA (National Organ Transplant Act), OPTN (Organ Procurement and Transplantation
Network), UNOS (United Network for Organ Sharing) OPO (organ procurement organizations)
National Organ Transplant Act of 1984
Public Need
Image you turn on your television and see parents crying and asking for an organ for their child and
offering you a lump sum of cash and you just so happen to the same blood type. Now think if it was
an older lady who was not so good in front of a camera and offering no money just her heart felt
thank you. Who would you donate your organ to? Well once transplants really got started that what
was happening. According to Special to the New York Times (1986) people were taking to the media
on behalf of their loved ones or even their self's to try and get anyone to give their organs bribing
with money and status. People were charging
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The Importance Of Organ Transplants
Organ transplants are necessary for the survival for millions of people around the world. While the
need for transplants is often something that increases in frequency with age, adolescents are also
subject to ailments which require transplants. Surrounding these organ transplants, there is a massive
amount of care both before and after the procedure which allows the patients to properly heal. While
most professionals agree that physical care is necessary, the need for psychological care is often
seen as much less of a priority. Seeing psychological care as less important is a threat to the mental
health of these children. This lack of focus on psychological care has impacts that are extremely
negative for these children, and can lead to things like depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress
disorder. I argue that adolescent patients of liver transplants need psychological care equally as
much as they need physical care. The lack of psychological care before and after surgery is
massively overlooked by healthcare professionals. The most common reason for needing a liver
transplant, in both adults and adolescents, is acute liver failure (ALF), which is defined by Maryam
Moini as "the rapid onset of liver dysfunction characterized by mental deterioration and
coagulopathy in a patient without pre–existing liver disease"(1). Acute liver failure is a rare
condition which occurs in between 1 and 8 per 1 million people annually (1). This is most
commonly caused by infection,
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Organ Donation For An Organ Transplant
According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services 18 people die each day
waiting for an organ transplant. They also state that one organ donor can save up to eight lives.
Those are significant numbers that should make us very much aware of the monumental impact
organ donation can have on the lives of so many critically ill patients and their families. Although
the tragedy of an accident or horrifying event is sometimes unbearable for the patient and the
patient's family, it may result in what some may call a "new hope" for those who are awaiting organ
transplantation. Emergency department doctors and nurses play an integral part between life and
death, between trying to save the patient and preserving the option of organ donation in the patient
who cannot be saved.
There are two sources for donor organs. The first source removes organs from recently deceased
people. These organs are called cadaveric organs. A person becomes a cadaveric organ donor by
indicating that they would like to be an organ donor when they die. This decision is usually noted
either on a driver's license or on a health care directive. (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004) The
second source for donor organs is a living person. Living donors are often related to the patient, but
that is not always the case and certainly does not have to be the case. The one factor that must occur
for cadaveric organ donation to be possible is brain death. Brain death is defined as
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The Need Of Organ Transplants Essay
The overwhelming need of organ transplants are increasing daily. There are many causes for such a
high demand in the organ crisis, one of them being diabetes. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of
organ transplants, primarily kidneys. The waiting lists for donated organs are so incredibly long, that
often, people wait for up to three years for an organ to become available. In the United Sta` tes
alone, there is an average of seventeen patients per day that die while awaiting an organ transplant.
(Journal of Medical Ethics) The United States is not the only nation plagued with such long waiting
lists. The problem of having a shortage of organs needed for transplants has taken its toll throughout
the entire world. This global issue is in need of a solution. How do we reduce the numbers of
patients awaiting organ transplants? Also, at what cost are people willing to pay for an organ that is
so desperately needed? Kidney transplants are the fastest growing surgical procedure that the world
is in need of today. Throughout the globe, there are an estimated 2.8 million people that are
currently in need of a kidney. Patients in need of kidney transplants are often placed on dialysis (a
long term prevention for kidney failure). The sufferable acts of dialysis alone, can lead people to do
irrational things. In their desperation, they often try to find ways to help prolong the life expectancy
of their loved ones on dialysis. The problem lies in the amount of surgeries
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Ethical Considerations Of Organ Transplants
A human life is precious. When a procedure takes place to extend a life, there's many regulations
doctors must abide by. An organ transplant is a laborious process due to the National Organ
Transplant Act (NOTA) of 1984. NOTA established the national Organ Procurement and Transplant
Network (OPTN) for matching donor organs to waiting recipients. The United Network for Organ
Sharing (UNOS) is the organization that manages the OPTN, pretty much responsible for making
and managing the connections between donors and recipients. The donor's blood type and body size
is provided to UNOS. The UNOS computer system then matches the donated organs to patients who
are potential recipients of the needed organs. The recipient is selected on different criteria; ... Show
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I may find myself on my death bed, and in need of a transplant. It's now 2017, and I feel confident
that if I needed to undergo transplant surgery at this time, it would be a successful mission. By the
time I get to the mid stages of my life, technology will only be more advanced. Medications used for
the transplant process will be more reliable, the computer programs matching donors with recipients
will be more accurate, and the trial and error rate is increasing each day. I am thankful for
technology and all the time doctors, coordinators, and researchers have put into possibly giving
someone more time. Life is
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The Organ Transplant Industry
Dagny Layman Mia Wall AP English C 23 May 2015 Tough Choices: Efficiency vs. Equity in the
Organ Transplant Industry Across the country, sick men, women, and children wait for new chances
at life: donor organs. A young woman, chest riddled with cancerous tumors, learns that in order to
survive she needs new heart within the next year. A grandfather, withered and jaundiced, slips
slowly into a coma as years of heavy drinking take their final toll. A tiny infant, born with
underdeveloped lungs, lies motionless in an oxygen–rich, tank–like crib as his mother holds his
minuscule hand and prays he will hang on just a little bit longer. Some patients wait for hours,
months, or even years before an organ becomes available and they are given a ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Alcoholics wait hopelessly, knowing that due to the nature of their illness, they have slim chances of
getting new livers. After all, who would give a new organ to someone who destroyed his previous
one? And as these thousands of patients wait and hope, committees of medical professionals create
policies to regulate organ allocation, policies that give the gift of new life to some patients and
destine others to wait for chances that will never come. When medical professionals create organ
allocation policies, their main decision comes down to a simple question: should their policies place
a higher emphasis on equity or efficiency? Policies emphasizing efficiency primarily aim to avoid
wasting organs. Although the definition of "waste" varies, efficiency advocates discourage
allocation to those estimated to die soon, such as the elderly, or those who have caused their own
disease. Pro–equity advocates tend to consider such judgments of value biased and unfair. Policies
emphasizing equity are concerned with fairness in the allocation process: assuring the criteria
remain unbiased towards any one group (e.g. race, sex, age, sexual orientation, etc.). Opening up the
use of "worth" as a criterion leaves room for human bias. Fortunately, the United Network for Organ
Sharing continuously reviews and modifies organ allocation policies within the United States.
Within
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commercialization of organ transplants Essay
COMMERCIALIZATION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS
Student: Patrick Frost
Instructor: Professor Edwin Martinez del Rio
Business Ethics 309
October 21, 2013
Strayer University
COMMERCIALIZATION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS
Arguments in favor of organ commercialization
Commercialization of human organs from consenting adults will lead to an increase in the supply of
organs needed for transplants (Kanniyakonil, 2005). The major challenge in hospitals is the lack of
organs needed for transplantation to the increasing number of patients. Currently, organs are only
accepted from victims of altruism suicide and this does not cover the medical needs throughout the
world. Thus, by commercializing organs for transplants, the number of organ will ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Commercialization of organs will also lead to degradation in the medical ethics. Patients who are
incapable financially may not be given the same medical care quality as people with money.
Medical incompatibility is another reason why commercialization of human organs is not advisable.
Family members are advised to donate due to enhanced chance of molecular compatibility.
However, if organs are sold over the counter unknowing public may buy the organs without the
knowledge of the required medical compatibility. Thus, their loved ones may develop serious
medical complications or even die as a result of the transplant.
My position on the debate
My position on the debate of commercialization of organ transplants is that it should not be allowed.
This, however, does not mean that people are not participating in the practice. Commercialization of
organ transplant is a lucrative business. However, this is morally wrong and is against human ethics.
This is due to the fact that commercialization of human organs even if it results in saving lives has a
bigger negative impact on the society and on the individual. The major moral problem is that people
donating will be under the obligation of benefiting. Like is said earlier, in places where organ
commercialization is being practice, the business is very lucrative. The need to benefit from the
organ donations violates the ethics that are aligned with human
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Persuasive Speech On Organ Transplant Surgery
Following doctors' announcement of a successful synthetic windpipe surgery at the Children's
Hospital of Illinois, Hannah Warren's parents said in an interview, "So many stars needed to align
for Hannah to become a normal little girl and lead a healthy life, and they all did" (Kane). This
miracle could not have occurred without scientists' continuous effort in advancing the 1954
operation when doctors performed the first live donor transplant surgery ("Organ Transplant
History"). Through this unceasing amelioration, science has assisted millions of people similar
Warren and has established the precedent that scientists and doctors must actualize their ability to
save countless more people. With ideological advancements of this proportion, however, some
members of society resist this progression. Oppositionists propose the claim that unsuccessful
operations are a crucial factor in medical advancements and that scientists are pushing natural
boundaries. Nevertheless, one must understand that this interference is unjust; improvements in the
field of transplants create essential opportunities for life, and society should not stand in the way of
progress.
Despite continuous opposition towards the advancements, irrefutable evidence suggests that
transplants can provide life–changing results and vast improvements in life quality for the people
who receive these operations. While undergoing a transplant–based procedure, one does not risk the
unsuccess or adverse effects that
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The Problem Of Organ Transplants
The need for organs is a growing dilemma amongst America and countries all over the world.
Thousands of people sit on waiting lists in hopes to receive a new organ never knowing if they will
actually receive one before their delicate organ gives up. Although many people are willing to be
donors upon the time of their own death, the shortage of organs hangs over the patients and families
who deal with the reality of an organ shortage every day. One solution that has been proposed is
allowing people to be able to sell their own organs in order to meet the need that is out there now.
Constructing a program that allows the sale of an organ would lead to a decrease in the black market
for organs, an increase in organ availability, and create a greater awareness of the need for more
organ donors. Creating a program to control the sale of organs would lead to a decrease in the need
for a black market. Due to a growing need of organ transplants, especially kidneys, unfortunate
scenarios have come about as a result of the shortage. Out of desperation, many people in other
countries have gone searching for organs overseas and even behind the scenes searching for the
"underground market" of organ sales. In some countries like Bangladesh, brokers cut corners to
coerce subjects into donating their organs when the willing donor might not even know what their
organ does (Resnick, 2012). By allowing the sale of organs for those who freely want to participate
in saving lives, this corrupt
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What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Organ...
Introduction
Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub described transplantation as "one of the great success stories of the
latter half of the 20th century" (Transplants save lives). Organ transplantation is used in medicine in
order to save people lives, but not all people support this action. As a result, it is a question that has
caused a great deal of controversy. I choose this global issue because of several reasons. Firstly, it is
very interesting topic and very controversial. Secondly, it will be useful information for me as in the
future I would like to be surgeon. Thanks to this research I will knew about their job and advantages
and disadvantages of it.
Context
A few centuries ago, people were dying because of lack of a developed and high–quality ... Show
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Organ transplantation is a very expensive procedure. In order to be placed on the waiting list for
organs, people need to spend a lot of money. "It is not uncommon for the cost of the transplant
surgery and following hospitalization to result in a bill that exceeds $500,000" (Jennifer Heisler).
Patient should pay approximately tens of thousands millions just only to take placed in the waiting
list of people, who need organ transplantation. In addition, people should buy different drugs after
operations and it is also costs a big amount of money and not all people can afford it.
"Unfortunately, the expenses do not end with surgery; the cost of medications in the year after
surgery typically exceeds $30,000 a year" (Jennifer Heisle). People need spend money on drugs in
order not to have problems with health after surgery transplanted organs to them. A lot of drugs are
very expensive. People should pay thousands of dollars for it. Overall, the disadvantage of organ
transplantation is the cost of this operation and following care, including medical. These arguments
have representative, up–date (July 31, 2014), quoted correctly in context evidence.
The information was taken from article "How to Pay For an Organ Transplant Surgery" It is a very
reliable source for several reasons. Firstly, the author is a nurse, who worked in the areas such as
surgery and organ transplantation. Thus, Jennifer Heisler has a high reputation and an
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Organ Of A Organ Transplant
Organ Transplant How do you feel when you really want something, but you have to wait for it?
Especially if it was the result of either life or death. People all across America are in this situation.
They need an organ transplant in order to live but they are put on a waiting list to see if they qualify
for an organ which may come in time before they are to sick, or it may not come in time which ends
in death. Some of the points we will discuss is what is an organ transplant, how can we determine
the value of a human life, and reasons why certain individuals that we chose deserve an organ
transplant the most and which individuals don't. With this in mind, what exactly is an organ
transplant? An organ transplant is an operation that places a healthy organ from another person into
your body. The organ can come from someone who died (a deceased donor) and who has signed
their states donor registry or told their family their wishes to become a donor. The organs that can be
replaced are the kidneys, heart, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. There are no set age
limits that exists for certain organ transplant. You can receive a transplant at any age, but most
commonly occurs with teenagers. Women are more prone to have complications, organ rejection, or
even die from the organ transplant than men. In addition, organ transplants are more common in
females than males for the fact men's organs are two times stronger. This is the result of why most
organ donors are
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The National Organ Transplant Act Of 1984
It is an indisputable fact that under the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984, there is a larger
demand for organs than there is available supply. As a result, people in need of kidney or liver
transplants die every year while waiting. Under the current system, the only way to receive an organ
transplant is either by having a family member selflessly volunteer to donate theirs, or by being put
on a waiting list to receive an organ from the recently deceased. To combat this lack of supply, some
in need of transplants desperately turn to the black market, paying enormous sums of money for
organs that were more than likely taken illegally. Others die waiting for a transplant that was never
realistically going to happen in time. In essence, the gap between supply and demand for organs is
causing both a loss in quantity and quality of lives. However, changing policy to allow payments to
organ donors would drastically reduce this gap, therefore decreasing wait time for organs and saving
lives. The crucial step that must be taken to save these lives is to repeal the National Organ
Transplant Act of 1984 which prohibits the sale of organs. The proposal of payments to organ
donors is one that is certainly within the realm of possibility as it could be done by increasing
surgical costs by no more than twelve percent (Becker and Elias). Becker and Elias have suggested
that the price for a kidney or liver would be approximately $15,200 and $37,600, respectively. These
estimates are
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Persuasive Essay On Organ Transplants
According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, there are currently
around 117,000 people with their lives currently on hold, hoping and praying for an organ transplant
that will save their lives. Not only are those patients waiting on the transplant list lives impacted, but
also the lives of the family and friends of those 117,000 men, women, and children who are also
forced to patiently sit and wait, in hopes that their loved one is lucky enough to receive their vital
organ.
However, because of the extreme decline in the U.S. of organ donors and an extreme increase in
patients in need an organ transplant, the likelihood of their loved ones' receiving one of these
lifesaving transplants is quickly deteriorating more and more each day. As the national rates for the
number of organ transplants preformed continue to rise more and more each year, the gap between
supply and demand for these organs still continue to expand (Organ Procurement and
Transplantation Network). As a nation, we have continued to advance medically, since the first
successful organ transplantation in 1945 by Nobel Prize winner Joseph Murray, while currently
maintaining a 90% success rate which is both nationally and internationally an all–time high
(LiveOnNY.org). According to Barbra Mantel in her article "Organ Donations– Can the growing
demand for organs be met" this problem continues to grow each day despite the recent
groundbreaking medical advances, solely because of the increasing need of donated organs not
being able to keep up with the exceedingly growing number of patents in need of an organ
transplant.
I am personally extremely connected to this intensifying issue because I have witnessed first–hand
both tragedy and great success involved with the both sides of organ donation through the lives of a
donor and a recipient. Last year, one of my closest friend's 12–year–old sister, Kenzie, tragically
passed away unexpectedly from what was thought just to be a common migraine, but turned out to
be so much more. I was forced to watch as one of my best friends, the rest of her family, and our
entire town grieve her catastrophic death. This loss of life from someone who had only been here
such a short time was
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The Pros And Cons Of Organ Transplants
A major obstacle to obtaining an organ transplant today is that donated organs is the very limited
supply of organs, while the waiting lists are very long (Jenkins, Reilly, Schwab, 1999). Organ
transplants vary in the type of organ needed, and some are more limited than others. Unfortunately,
many individuals pass away waiting on the list rather than living a fulfilled life after receiving their
donated organ (Jenkins, Reilly, Schwab, 1999). Due to the indefinite wait on the transplant list, the
controversy has emerged about who should be allowed to receive one. It is understandable that some
individuals and families of those waiting on the list become frustrated. There are opinions that
anyone with a known substance abuse issue should not have access to a donated organ, especially if
they do not have plans to cessate their addiction post–transplantation. However, others may feel that
everyone is equal and no matter what circumstances, that they should have equal opportunity to
obtain a transplant. In order to comprehensively cover the controversy, we will first discuss
supporting points of organ transplants for current substance abusers. Hepatitis C and alcoholic liver
disease are both leading causes of liver transplantation in the United States (Koch & Banys, 2001).
Liver transplantation in alcoholic patients was well–established, but there was limited research on
the practices and policies regarding past or current substance abuse at the time of liver transplant
(Koch &
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Should Organ Transplants Be Legal?
Organ transplants are one of the most dangerous procedures in modern medicine, many things have
been done to make them safer for the patient but there are still a lot of risks being taken. With organs
in short supply and because of the risk factor many people are not allowed to have organ transplants
and people have been fighting back against their doctors because doctors have to choose whether to
grant or deny an organ transplant. Many people do not believe that doctors should be able to deny a
transplant to a patient if they have been on the waiting list and now have an organ available but
without doctors making these important decisions more problems are caused. With the inherent risk
of transplants and with the miniscule amount of available organs and donors, doctors should be
allowed to make the decision of whether a patient receives a transplant because of their experience
with the procedure, their knowledge of whether a patient will be able to take care of themselves after
and their ideas of what patients would not survive the procedure. With all of the knowledge and
experience a doctor has they should be allowed to make the decision of whether someone should
receive a transplant or other surgery. This is a decision between life and death and if one transplant
is not successful it takes away the opportunity of a successful transplant from another person, it only
makes sense to allow doctors to make the decision between two patients waiting for the same
transplant and
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How To Legalize Organ Transplants
In the 1950's scientist and doctors realized that they could transplant one person's organ into
another's body performing their first successful transplant. Since then numerous lives have been
saved and prolonged due to organ transplants. Every year since then the amount of people needing
organ transplants have continued to grow. This growth has exceeded the amount of organ donations
leaving thousands waiting for an organ they may never receive. In desperation, people have turned
to illegal alternative methods to obtain an organ for fear of death. They offer monetary gain to others
for much needed organs, however the problem with that is most countries have not legalized the sale
of organs. Therefore, a black market for human body parts supplies ... Show more content on
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As days turn into weeks, weeks into months and months into years, the initial hope begins to fail as
one is knocking on deaths door. The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services reports, "an
average of 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the
shortage of donated organs" (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2013). An article in
The Penn Center guide to bioethics states, "One of these is a child or a baby. These deaths are
especially tragic because many of them could be prevented if there were more organs available"
(Caplan, 2009). It must remain a frightening matter to realize that one's days are numbered and
devoid of a transplant one will have to leave behind loved ones, incomplete business, and unpaid
bills for others to acquire. Frustration and anger must attack the hearts of those helplessly watching
as loved ones watch their spouses, children, parents, and friends start to fade away. As their hope
dwindles and desperation turns into anger at the realization that death is preventable, many turn to
alternative methods to obtain much–needed organs. Therefore, while laws insist that altruism is the
only way one is to obtain an organ a black market for organs has manifested itself. The black market
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The First Human Organ Transplant
In December of 1954, the first human organ transplant was performed in the United States between
identical twin brothers. In the past sixty years, organ transplantation has become the gold standard in
the treatment of organ failure from a number of underlying causes with dramatic improvements to
recipients' health and quality of life (Kaserman, 2007). From the first kidney transplant in 1954 to
the late 1980's, one of the biggest advancements was the use of cadaver organs. Organ rejection was
the primary concern from the transplant team who knew that the use of cadaver organs posed higher
risks of failure.
The successful use of cadaver organs was made possible by the development of immunosuppressive
drugs like cyclosporine. The practice of utilizing immunosuppressive drugs has led to a decrease of
transplant failure–rejection of a new organ– by the recipient's own immune system (Kaserman,
2007). As research continues to look for new ways to decrease organ rejection rates, the majority of
recipients take immunosuppressive drugs and will need to do so indefinitely (Ehlers, 2002).
Kaserman states that as the transplant industry grew, a need for guidelines became apparent and
hence requested that Congress create a governing body (2007). In response, the United States
government created the current system in 1984 which has been revised several times. The system is
governed by the National Organ Transplant Act. NOTA is based off the ethical ideal of altruism: "To
give freely
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Alcoholics Should NOT Be Eligible to Receive Organ...
In modern medicine, we have the ability to transplant organs from one person to another, with the
hopes that this will greatly improve the length and quality of life for the patient receiving the
transplant. Ten years ago, there were 53,167 people on the transplant list. By the beginning of 2015,
the list increased to over 123,000 people waiting for that miracle call stating that they found a match
and the transplant can now happen. One reason for the increase in people on the list is that people in
the age group between 50–70 years old are now considered to be viable candidates for transplant
due to medical advances. However, by December, 2014, twenty–one people were dying each day
while waiting for a transplant. (Benjamin Samstein, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is even a possibility of creating embryonic stem cells from the patient by cloning their own
cells. (Perry) A person, who has trashed their body with alcoholism and required a transplant, should
not be eligible for a second transplant if they again were abusing alcohol. Especially over a person,
to no fault of their own, is battling a liver disease. In an article from the Canadian Medical
Association Journal by E. Kluge, he states that "people who engage in poor lifestyle choices are
behaving irresponsibly and could have prevented their illness and are, in essence, increasing the
need for organs and depriving people who have no control over their need of necessary treatment."
(Kluge, 2004) People suffering from psychosis, dementia, Down Syndrome, malignant cancers, and
continuing substance or not eligible for transplants, active alcoholics are not eligible because of their
unhealthy lifestyle would only result in the failure of the new liver. Based on long term studies of
alcoholism, remissions and relapses, there are factors that indicate favorable outcomes. If the patient
is involved in activities to take the place of the drinking, being in a caring long–term relationship
and having a positive self esteem will help with sobriety. If at least two of these factors are present,
the patient is more likely to remain abstinent for three years or more. (Abhinandana Anantharaju)
When a doctor is faced with whether or not to
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Should Organ Transplants Be Legal?
In the past century, science has made remarkable improvements in individual's daily lives, from
landing a man on the moon to transplanting organs between two people; science has taken a leap
forward in helping humanity. The scientific discovery that absolutely fascinates many people is how
surgeons can remove a failed organ from one person and implant a healthy organ inside the same
person so that they can survive and live a longer and healthier life (1). Organ transplants are
important in our society and there should be more funding from the government for research on
organ transplants because not only has it been important that doctors have transplanted vital organs,
but wouldn 't it be an honor to say that a doctor or scientist in America was the first to successfully
transplant brain tissue? The government should fund programs for extensive research on organ
transplants so that in the future people who suffer from organ failure can benefit from the research
conducted. Despite the fact that organ transplants have not been around a long time, it is a discovery
that has definitely benefited many people. According to the website Transplant Australia, the first
successful transplant was of eye tissue, which was achieved in 1905 (2). The transplant was by an
Austrian man by the name of Eduard Zirm, who conducted the transplant on a man who was blinded
in an accident (3). This transplant revolutionized the medical field because doctors were not
attempting to transplant animal
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Should Organ Donation Be An Organ Transplant?
Introduction
It's a chance to save someone's life without cost but hardly anyone is doing it, organ donation is
decreasing while the need is increasing
Everyone should become an organ donor. It doesn't cost a thing and can improve or save someone's
life after the death of another. This sound like simple facts, then why is it that 19 people die each
day waiting for an organ transplant?(Mayoclinic.org)
Body
How to become a donor
There are a few easy ways to become a donor. One, every state allows for registration for organ
donation. In Illinois this can be done at the local Department of Motor Vehicles or go online at
Lifegoeson.com . It is now legal and binding if a person registers (lifegoeson.com). Additional
witness or family contest is no longer needed in the State of Illinois. Two, a person can sign and
carry a Uniform Donor Card. This form can be downloaded and printed through the OrganDonor.org
website. These steps are two easy choices and can be done by anyone who wishes to. Some states
require that upon the death a family member must sign a consent form. Why a shortage
If it is required that a family member sign a consent form some family members do not agree with
this decision (lifesource.com). This causes a shortage in available donors even if the deceased
agreed to become a donor. As stated earlier this is not the case in the State of Illinois but not all state
has this same law. Letting family members aware of wishes to donate will make this process
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Inmates and Organ Transplants: An Ethical Dilemma Essay
In today's medical field there is a profuse amount of room for ethical questioning concerning any
procedure performed by a medical professional. According to the book Law & Ethics for Medical
Careers, by Karen Judson and Carlene Harrison, ethics is defined as the standards of behavior,
developed as a result of one's concept of right and wrong (Judson, & Harrison, 2010). With that in
mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking
questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death–Row
Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death–row prisoner in Oregon,
by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes–Camarena, receiving priority over a ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
With the state funding health care for prisoners and the Supreme Court's ruling, this does however
cause a problem for physicians who are ethically bound to help all patients. "[It also causes
frustration among physicians because budget cuts are knocking arguably more deserving donor
recipients off the transplant list, and allowing prisoners like Reyes–Camarena to receive priority]"
(Robinson).
Not only is the dilemma of inmates receiving organ transplants affecting physicians, but it affects all
citizens equally, as well. It costs taxpayers ten and hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars to
provide one prisoner with a transplant operation ("Organ transplants for," 2011). "Efforts to ensure
prisoner rights have compromised the lives of law–abiding taxpayers who are the state's main source
of income when it comes to paying for inmates' medical bills" (Robinson). The issue of inmates
receiving priority over deserving law–abiding citizens when it comes to organ transplants could
possibly be resolved satisfactorily. One of the ways this could happen is by having the Supreme
Court make amends to its original ruling by going more in depth about the health–care criteria
inmates are entitled to.
Another way to resolve this issue, would be to have each individual state come up with various
health care plans in which inmates' would be able to sign up and pay for with the money on their
accounts, or having family members or friends pay for
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The Contribution Of An Organ Transplant
An organ transplant "is a surgical operation where a failing or damaged organ in the human body is
removed and replaced with a new one" (Center for Bioethics). The first organ transplant was
provided in 1954, where a kidney was taken from one identical brother to another, lasting for eight
years. Eventually more successful organ transplants began to occur such as in 1962 the first
cadaveric transplant was a success prolonging life for almost two years. In 1966 a successful liver
transplant had a lifespan of one year and in 1967 the first successful heart transplant lasted for two
and a half weeks. In 1981 the first successful heart–lung transplant gave life to its recipient for five
years and in 1982 was the first artificial heart transplant was performed. In 1983 Cyclosporine, an
immunosuppressant drug was approved by the FDA. The first successful living–related liver
transplant happened in 1989 and in 1996 the first "split liver" transplant was performed where one
cadaveric liver was split into several pieces to transplant into more than one person. In 2001 the
number of living organ donations passed cadaveric donations and from 2001 to present time several
organizations are doing their best to persuade people to be living organ donors and become a organ
donor after death (Center for Bioethics). If you need an organ you will need to evaluated by a
transplant physician and they will determine where you will be placed on the transplant list. The
transplant list is very
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Organ Transplants : The Advantage Of Donation And Transplants
According to the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplant (2016), there was an estimated
62,446 transplantation of kidneys globally in 2016 with 19,280 of those kidneys coming from living
donors. While there appears to be a rise in the demand for organ transplants, the supply has yet to
meet this rise. This shortage of organ availability has led to illegal international organ trade and the
harvesting of organs on the black market (Shimazono, 2007). It is estimated that approximately 10%
of all transplants that occur are performed illegally (Delmonica, 2009) and that organ trade is ranked
as one of the ten most profitable crimes world wide (Frederike & Willem, 2016). The majority of
legal organs transplanted come from either a living or deceased donor where consent to the
procedure has been made prior to the transplant and financial incentives or reimbursements for
organ donations are not acceptable in a large majority of the world. However, in Iran the sale of
one's own kidney is legal and therefore the country has no shortage of the organ (Dehghan, 2012).
While Iran is the only country that allows for legal organ trade, other countries such as Singapore,
Australia, Israel, and Saudi Arabia have legalized financial reimbursements for individuals who
choose to donate (Apte, 2015). These include things like paid wages from days missed at work and
coverage for both present and future medical bills compensated by either the recipient of the organ
or the government (Apte,
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Organ Transplant Disadvantages
Organ transplants
Definition:
Organ Transplantation is a surgery that transfers an organ from one body to another and it is often
the last and only way for puzzle out an organ failure, Such as lung failure and heart failure. It is
often very expensive.
Background Information:
The history of organ transplant has a complex background. The first ever organ transplant happened
in 1954 where a kidney transplants occurred. The donor of the kidney was an identical twin. Since
they are identical there were no immune rejections of the kidney. The person who performed this
transplant was named Dr. Joseph Murray won a Nobel Prize for his success. The first ever heart
transplant was performed in 1985 in Poland, Zaigniew Religa, the doctor who performed ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A single lung transplant could cost a grand total of five hundred thousand USD. And among all the
types of organs they transplant, transplanting Intestine costs the most, about 1.2 million USD,
Which is very expensive. Not only it is expensive, it is hard to even get a hold of the organ, most
people who have a kidney failure often get the required organ from their love ones (if no rejection
occurs) since it is expensive. Other than that people need to wait for the organs. Averages of 10
people die a day waiting for organs to be delivered. Because of that, many people often trade organs
illegally for the money. Organ trade is the trade involving inner organs like heart liver and kidney.
Places that are illegal for trading organs are Angola, Balkan Region, Brazil, Canada, China,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Eastern Europe, India, United States of America, United Kingdom and
Russia. Another Disadvantage of Organ Transplant is: it increase the infection of other diseases,
Organ Transplantation cures the diseases the client has, but in the future the chances of getting
infection due to the immunosuppressant drugs( this drug is also very expensive) that they will
needed for the rest of their
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Organ Donation For Organ Transplants
INTRODUCTION
Organ donation is one of the most pressing health policy issues for our government to deal with and
organ donation rates in England must increase in order to meet the demand for organs on waiting
lists. Furthermore, the demand for surgical procedures such as organ transplantation has rapidly
increased after scientific breakthroughs in transplant technologies as well as the advent of new
medicines to reduce many problems associated with transplants, thereby increasing the life
expectancy of people receiving the transplant.
With more than 7000 to 8000 people on the waiting list in England alone, on the waiting list for an
organ transplant and only an estimated 2,800 organs that are transplanted each year (NHSBT 2016),
there is a significant shortage of organs available for transplant. There is an increasing concern that
the current system for organ donation in England, is failing to meet the demand in organs needed for
transplantation. The number of people needing transplants is going up steadily by about 8 percent
each year.(b) The number of premature deaths has also increased to approximately 1000 (Rieu.
2010) every year and this is conceivably the most tragic reminder that the current system is failing
us. To combat this problem, many health researchers have suggested changes to change the organ
donation laws, from informed consent to presumed consent.
THE CURRENT AND PROPOSED SYSTEMS/ DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYSTEMS The
difference
Since the Human Tissue Act
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Organ Transplants : An Organ Donation
Yazmin G. Urrea
J. Forsythe
English 1 A
January 20, 2015
Donating Organs
Did you know that over one hundred thousand people in the U.S. are waiting for an organ donation?
Do you know what an organ transplant is? An organ transplant is when an organ is replaced, a
failing organ with a healthy organ from another person. The reason behind an organ transplant is to
help people who have organs failing, and those people that have some sort of disease in their organs.
When you become a donor, you help improve research in many ways possible, with some of the
organs donated; doctors have found more and more information in order to help people with failing
organs. Donating organs can help save hundreds if not thousands regularly; also it gives comfort for
grieving families because even though the people in their family died they know that they did
something in order to save someone else's life. Did you know that most people get transplants
because they have a disease which needs help? The cornea is the most commonly transplanted
tissues in fact, more than four hundred thousand corneal transplants occur in the United States a
year. Organ recipients are selected with basic information starting with medical needs, location and
compatibility. In most countries, it is illegal to sell and buy organs, but international black markets
increase around the world. Organ transplants should be encouraged and we should encourage other
people to donate for many reasons. Would you help save someone's
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The Benefits Of Pig Organ Transplants
The first successful human transplant recorded in medical science history occurred in 1954. These
transplants included the following: kidney, heart and liver. As the years pass by other organ
transplant are on the rise such as kidney–pancreas and heart–lung. Every year, an outstanding
number of patients lose their life waiting for a brand–new organ. This has left the medical field in
search of a new solution to solve this problem. The benefits of having a pig organ transplant into
human is that this would provide a supply of organs to the people in need, would allow scientist to
open up new areas of research.
Prior to this, the history behind pig transplant started in the 1960 with a surgeon who had inserted a
baboon and chimpanzee kidneys into humans. As a result to this, only a few had a slight success and
patients began to die a couple of months later due to their immune system attacking and rejecting
the organ. Years later in the early 1990s a surgeon name David ... Show more content on
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In addition, Allen has found, in the United States alone, 3,000 people die each year waiting to
receive an organ (Allen). By this result, researchers are desperately searching for a plan to give
patients the organs they need. Researchers started visualizing farm animals, including pigs and
thought not only can they be raised for their meat, but for their organs. For instance, studies have
shown that an organ of a piglet is compatible to an organ of a child. In the same reason an adult pig's
organs are similarly to an adult organ. Pig transplant may be the answer that surgeons are searching
for to be able to give these people the organs they need. Thus, explains the reason why organ
transplant from pig should take place. In addition, this would reduce the amount of people who are
in need of a new organ and would expand their life
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Persuasive Essay: The Need For Organ Transplants
You are sitting in a hospital bed for the fifth time this week. The doctor gives you many medications
to help the pain you feel in your heart. You are constantly reminded that your heart has many
defects, and soon realize that you need a new one. To the right if you, there is a device the size of a
washing machine with two tubes that are connecting to your chest so that your heart can still pump
blood. You feel so fatigued, almost as if you cannot breathe. You find it terrifying to think that your
life depends on the next available organ donor in your area. You begin to lose hope every day but the
doctors and your family encourage you to be patient, that there will be somebody out there with a
heart to give. Unfortunately this story is not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those patients that suffer through the waiting process experience the most distressing moments if
their lifetimes with their friends and family. Examples of experiences include: "...Those in need of
lung transplants felt breathless, tired weak...", "Those with kidney problems went through many
dialysis type therapies...strict diets made patients feel exhausted and drained", and "Recipients
described being very breathless, tired and weak for several years before the transplant, and had
needed oxygen to help them breathe and a wheelchair to help with their mobility." (healthtalk.org).
In other words, these aching patients underwent probably once in a lifetime experience of physical
suffering which is a problem that should be addressed. It should be encouraged to sign up for organ
donation so that we can help this public health issue. Not only may a donated organ save a life, but
ease and soothe the thoughts of the family members involved. For example, an organ recipient,
named Deepak, had a family who was negatively affected by the health of their loved one. For
example, "For Deepak having kidney disease was an emotional roller coaster that affected the whole
family. They had to accept they wouldn't have more children and travelling would be difficult. It
was an uncertain time...". (med.uth.edu). This family experience depicts how emotionally damaging
the suffering of a loved one may be especially when they are waiting for a life saving organ. You
cannot tell me that this story has no problem with it. The issue is that recipients are stuck waiting for
organs because too many people in the U.S. refuse to understand how helpful the organ donation
organizations are to the patients. This issue can be addressed properly with awareness of the organ
donation process, and the exposure of the beauty in organ donation to the local communities of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Why Do We Need Organ Transplants

  • 1. Why Do We Need Organ Transplants Organ Transplants– A Chance At New Life There are twenty–two people that die daily waiting for an organ transplant (Organ Statistics). This number continues to increase as people do not receive vital organs that are necessary for them to live. Scientific experimentation is consistently shown by Jekyll, most notably when he transforms into Hyde. Organ transplants are an example of scientific experimentation in order to receive a positive outcome; saving lives. Based upon the scientific theories posed in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, organ transplants should be legal because they save many lives and provide opportunities that patients may not have had without undergoing a transplant and are constantly advancing. Although many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, there is a strong importance of scientific experiments and their advancements. Jekyll learns through his scientific experiments that man is not just one, but two– good and evil. As he researches more into in the discovery, he is at first hesitant to experiment. However, he ultimately decides that the experiment itself could provide many positives. "I hesitated long before I put this theory to the test of practice, I knew that I risked death. But the temptation of a discovery so singular and profound at last overcame the suggestion of alarm" (Stevenson, 66–67). Jekyll understood the risks, but knew that it could lead to a better future. Although there is risk in an organ transplant process, as there is in any surgery, it is ultimately beneficial to the patient and their health. Jekyll had a strong, propitious feeling when he reached a point of development in his research and experimentation. Similarly to the organ transplant process, often organ donors are left with a rewarding feeling. "The gift of an organ can save the life of a transplant candidate. The experience of providing this special gift to a person in need and serve as a positive aspect of the donation. Some donors have reported positive emotional experiences from their donation" (About Organ Donation). All donors will willingly provide organs to others, often through their death, but sometimes living, numerous people still believe that transplants should ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2.
  • 3. Organ Transplants : An Organization Lizetth Gonzalez Mrs. Forsythe English 7–8 1B January 20, 2015 Organ Transplants Despite the fact that more than a million have signed up to become donors the number of donors is still nowhere near the number of people on waiting for transplants therefore, resulting in an average of eighteen deaths every day due to the shortage. (Pros) Keep in mind the amount of lives saved or restored when a single organ donor can save up to eight lives. In addition to saving lives and restoring broken lives, a donation can reduce medical expenses of patients because they no longer require regular checkups or medication after a transplant. As well as helping patients, donating organs provides an opportunity to make a tragic occurrence into a delightful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... (Pros) As can be seen in the figure below, many organs potentially qualify for transplants providing the opportunity of saving more than one life from a single donation if all organs qualify for transplants. (Pros) The graph above represents the number of transplants performed each year for every organ provided. In 2008, over fifteen thousand kidneys and two thousands hearts provided new life through transplantation and given to patients in need. Thousands of transplants take place each year; however, the amount of patients on waiting lists continues to grow with forty–five percent of certain people remaining on transplant waiting lists. (Pros) The amount of people that require transplants becomes bigger every day. In 2009, the number of patients on waiting lists was over one hundred thousand while the number of donors remained under twenty thousand. (Pros) Everyday donors become a greater necessity in order to help others' lives get better. However, when a person becomes a donor families may develop issues with the process that takes place before a donor becomes a qualified donor. For example, some families do not appreciate having their family member on life support while organs are removed; however, potential donors are first tested and organ removal does not begin until they are declared brain dead. Some organs require transplantation in a matter of hours after removal for the sake of the recipient's health and the functioning of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4.
  • 5. Determining Who Should Receive An Organ Transplant Can Determining who should receive an organ transplant can be a tricky and difficult task. According to the UNOS, the company that maintains the organ transplant list, there are various factors that are under consideration when an organ is available. Things like blood type, tissue type, medical urgency, and proximity to the donor are all taken into consideration; factors like age, income, or racial/ethnic background are not even taken into consideration. Furthermore, the transplant list is more like a pool than a list. So, if one patient hits more criteria than another patient, then he or she will receive the organ, regardless of their status ("The Gift of a Lifetime"). While this system may seem slow or flawed, it allows patients the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... One of the patients', Patient A, limb failed due to a freak car accident where he was t–boned by a drunk driver. On the other hand, Patient B's limb failed due to heroin addiction, an outcome he was fully aware of as an avid user. Now, who deserves the limb transplant? If we just consider the distributive norm of need in our definition of distributive justice, we will be stuck at an impasse. Because both Patients A and B are both in dire straits, we can say that they both a have strong claim to the scarce good in question. However, if we consider including the distributive norm of equity in the definition of distributive justice, this problem can be remedied. The norm is equity is as follows: a person's claim to a scarce good should be dependent on how much of a role he or she plays in the outcome (Anderson). In other words, this would mean that those who work harder deserve a larger share of outcome than those who do not put in as much effort. In the case of organ transplants, we can apply this norm as the following: a patient's claim to an organ is dependent on how little of a role they play in their need for a transplant. This essentially means that those who play a less active role in harm caused to their organs have a better claim than those who are actively damaging their organs. Now, applying this norm to our definition of distributive justice, we will be able to determine that Patient A is more deserving of the limb transplant ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6.
  • 7. Organ Transplants Organ Transplants are done everyday, hearts, lungs, kidneys and so many more. The strange thing is people and scientist are beginning to think that possible memories are stored in these organs. People have began to show different characteristics after they have had an organ transplant surgery. Most scientist have had actual meetings with recipients and the donors to actually try and figure out why our organs are able to do this. Even though the research scientist have done does not fully say for sure whether or not this is actually a proven fact they are almost positive this could be the reasoning behind the recipients starting to have different characteristics in the way they live. Organ donors maybe doing more for someone ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Considering they can make a person change their characteristics after receiving a donor's heart, kidney, and liver. There is just to much research for me in my opinion to not be able to think that this is true. Many scientist have come in contact with people and talked about their characteristics altering after their operation. I do believe in the possibility of other people's organs and our hearts transmitting electromagnetic fields which are leading people to believe this is why we feel the way we do around certain people. Or this could be the reason why our moods are able to change when were are around people who we are close to according to their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8.
  • 9. Organ Transplant An organ transplant is a surgical operation conducted to replace an organ unable to function properly with a new one. An organ, in turn, is an accumulation of cells and tissues gathered to perform the functions of body. Therefore, any part of the body which acts as a performer of specific function is called an organ. There are two possible ways of how the organ donation (OD) can take place. The first is the donation of cadaveric organs (organs from recently deceased people). The decision to donate in this way requires the consent of a person in the form of an indication on the driver license, like in the USA (Gruessner, Benedetti, 2008, 54) or health care document as an organ donor card, in Netherlands, Sweden, Ireland, for example ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Generally, Buddhism considers OD to be a positive act of human. Buddhists say that when a person dies, he should be treated with a care, but there is no essential focus on physical integrity, i.e. body is not necessary to be kept integral (Oliver et al, 2010, 4). From this one might come up with a thought that buddhists' focus on spiritual development and individual consciousness is given much attention in the religion, while preservation of physical body might not be crucial. Consequently, giving an organ to another person would not be perceived as inappropriate act, but rather as an expression of generosity and altruism. From the evidences presented above it may be concluded that none of the major religions forbids OD to be done by a person. Basically, they encourage people to make self–sacrificial, compassionate and benevolent to the humanity acts, such as donations. Likewise, some religions leave a space for people to identify whether they suppose OD to be an act of charity or mistreatment of individual's self–esteem by themselves. Religion mostly directs a person to follow a right, in their understanding, path on grounds of what is appropriate and what should not be done to avoid mistakes or improper behavior. Meanwhile, people, being followers of a particular religion, might interpret ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10.
  • 11. Organ Donation : A Transplant "Organ donation is the surgical process of providing one or more organs to be used for transplantation into another person. Organ donors can be deceased or living" (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016, p. 1). The very first successful organ transplant was a kidney transplant performed in 1954. By the late 1960's they were successfully transplanting livers, hearts and pancreases. Lung and intestinal transplants came shortly after in the 1980's. At this very second 121,574 people are waiting for an organ and every day 22 people will die while they wait. A single organ donor can save up to 8 lives (HRSA, 2016). The number one reason for an organ transplant is end–stage organ failure which can be caused by a number of diseases. Examples of diseases that can lead to needed an organ transplant is Cardiomyopathy, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Hepatitis and Cirrhosis. Once somebody finds out that they need a transplant the first step is to get a referral from their physician to be seen by a transplant program to find out if they qualify as a candidate. The second step is to pick a transplant program. It's important to do as much research as one can to find exactly which one meets the patient's needs. The final step is to get listed. Once a patient is deemed a suitable candidate the transplant team will add you to the Organ Procurement Transplant Network (OPTN) list. (HRSA, 2016) Organ donation only happens with organ donors. Anybody can enroll in their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12.
  • 13. The Ruling Trend Of Organ Transplants The Ruling trend of Organ Transplants Needed Ever thought about being a hero? Or how about a life–saver? Well... you can be one by being an organ donor. Twenty–two humans die, everyday, while waiting for their hero; for an organ donor to donate their organs to those in need. (AmericanTransplantFoundation.org, 2016). Since, the lack of organs is donated, people are forced to illegally buying on the black market for organs. According to CNN, "... highest demand is the kidney and black market traffickers are meeting that demand...7,000 kidneys are obtained illegally every year... Organ trafficking is an illegal, yet thriving trade around the globe"( Pokharel, 2015). The fact is the black market has a tremendous amount of organs and people are not put on a waiting list when it comes to money and trickery. This has become a ruling trend since, people are not donating much, nonetheless on the black market there are tons of organs for sale, this has led to a continuous rise in organ sales, and Organ donation after cardiac death has increased the knowledge of whether or not this method is appropriate for recovering the organs compared to organ sales. First, there are not enough donors as there are needed for those in need of an organ transplant, however, on the black market there are tons of illegal organs for sale. This has become a ruling trend as to whether or not this should be illegal or if donors should be rewarded for their donation. Although it can be used in numerous ways, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14.
  • 15. Essay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners In the article "Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution", Jacob M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system's view that death–row inmates deserve to die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. "The United States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical treatment as the free public" (645). "When it comes to healthcare, 'bad people' are as equal as the rest of us" (646). When someone is sentenced to execution it is decided by the criminal justice system, not the medical community. The justice system views these peoples' social worth as so low that they deserve to die for the crimes they have committed. "The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The OPTN says that just because someone is in prison doesn't mean they should not be considered for an organ transplant, the "screening for all potential recipients should be done at the candidacy stage and once listed, all candidates should be eligible for equitable allocation of organs" (648). On the basis of social worth, physicians shouldn't discriminate by using social value as criteria for medical decisions. Sade says that psychosocial factors may be used as selection criteria, however, because they might shed light on whether or not adequate social support systems exist for the transplant recipient. "The prison sentence is payment for the crime; the prisoner owes nothing more to society, certainly not his or her life" (647). The transplant center brings up the issue of money. When a non–prisoner has a transplant operation, they fund the surgery with the help of insurance and public health programs like Medicare and Medicaid. Prisoners have neither private nor public insurance aside from what the prison system has in their budget, so this begs the question, "should the prison pay for a heart transplant for a convicted criminal?" The answer is no. Most prison systems can only afford to provide general health care, but not the large amount of funds needed for a heart transplant. Sade says the bill for aftercare of a prisoner's heart transplant done in California in ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16.
  • 17. Essay on The Safety of Organ Transplants Fourteen years old Joshua Smith is at his baseball game, as he runs around the bases and heads to second, he grabs his chest and collapse. Joshua is quickly put on a stretcher for the Emergency Room(ER). After a number of tests at the hospital, the doctor informs Joshua's father concerning Joshua's condition. "Joshua has an enlarged heart and will need a transplant to save his life" states the doctor. There are no organs available, so Joshua's name is placed on the waiting list until further notice. Nearly four months later, an organ donor becomes available and Joshua is notified. There is a great chance that the organ will not be rejected if it is a good match. Once the suitable organ is found, the process quickly begins, calling it the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Every ten minutes another name is added to the national organ transplant waiting list. In addition to an average of eighteen people die each day due to the lack of unavailable organs for transplant. There are numerous problems dealing with organ transplantation. A major issue concerning organ transplantation is that organ donors are deficient and scarce. Donors have been known to scarce because not everyone takes good care of his or her body. There are not enough people to donate organs, yet the amount of people in need of organs is increasing by the hour. "Another conflict is organ transplants can still lead to other medical problems. This is usually because of the medicine you need to suppress your immune system" (Nazario Brunilda , "Common"). After an organ transplants, it is a must that you continuously take your medication; a sudden stop will most likely cause the immune system to reject the organ. "The medications can also raise your blood pressure and can cause osteoporosis due to loss of calcium" (Etienne, Flueridor Wendy). The other challenge to transplanting organs is the body's immune system rejecting the procedure because it is unnatural to it. The body's immune system is set up to defend the body against any foreign disease–causing bacteria, viruses and or fungi. A procedure like this is alienated by the body at time because it ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18.
  • 19. Pros And Cons Of Organ Donation And Transplants Khushpreet Virk – Pros 806949 Mrs. Englehart Biology June 13, 2017 Organ donation/transplant Pros – Animal transplants: – Revivicor a company that takes pig organs and genetically modify them for human transplants. (Hansman, n.d) – Genes for humans are put into organs to make them suitable for human bodies. (Hansman, n.d) – Baboons: – Live 950 days (Hansman, n.d) – 90% similar DNA as humans (Hansman, n.d) Transplants: – There are different types of trnsplants for different diseases such as: – Cardiomyopathy (heart). (tds, n.d) – Emphysema – Cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis (lung). (tds, n.d) – Hepatitis – biliary atresia (liver). (tds, n.d) – diabetes or hypertension (kidney). (tds, n.d) – diabetes (pancreas). (tds, n.d) – short bowel syndrome (intestine). (tds, n.d) Organ donation: – 120,000 people in the United States are willing to do organ transplants or are willing to get an organ from another human. (liveonmy, n.d) – Second life for a person. (liveonmy, n.d) – Persons quality of life can improve by doing a lung transplant for the people that have cystic fibrosis, also it will help people that have poor eye sight. Additionally, painless movement can be gained by a tissue transplant. (liveonmy, n.d) – Family members around the world are happy and accept the fact that their deceased family member's death will help someone live or help someone live a better life. (liveonmy, n.d) – 8 people can be given organs from one organ donor. (liveonmy, n.d) – Some people ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20.
  • 21. Organ Transplant Essay Organ Transplant What is organ transplantation? Organ transplantation is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a failed organ with a healthy organ donated by another individual. Organ transplantation is often reserved as a last resort therapeutic option in certain individuals with end–stage organ disease. It is generally an option in individuals that have a life expectancy of 10 or more years. Patients frequently have to undergo a series of laboratory tests including screening for infectious diseases (eg, HIV, CMV, hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis) and other conditions prior to being considered a transplant candidate. Individuals are also normally tested for illicit drug use and screened for coexisting psychological disorders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Patients with end–stage kidney disease are also often bridged to kidney transplantation. They typically receive placement of a hemodialysis catheter or arteriovenous fistula in order to undergo dialysis three times per week. Dialysis machines act like the kidneys by filtering blood and balancing fluid and electrolyte levels. Patients receiving lung transplantation often have respiratory failure and require continuous oxygen therapy. Occasionally, these individuals need assisted ventilation with a breathing machine (mechanical ventilation). Individuals with cirrhosis and end–stage liver disease are normally managed with medications to treat symptoms and complications of liver disease. They frequently receive therapeutic paracentesis and occasionally require a TIPS procedure prior to liver transplantation. Those with fulminant liver failure typically require urgent liver transplantation. What laboratory tests are ordered in transplant recipients? Commonly ordered blood tests in transplant recipients typically include a CMP (comprehensive metabolic panel), CBC (complete blood cell count), and thyroid function studies (TSH, free T4). A urine analysis, pregnancy test (in women of reproductive age), and urine drug screen are also normally obtained. Urine is also normally sent for bacterial culture. Your doctor may order blood tests evaluating for exposure to certain viruses such as human immunodeficiency ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22.
  • 23. The National Organ Transplant Act Of 1984 Abstract This paper will discuss the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984. It will address the public need of the time and really see what was happening that congress felt that this was a needed piece of legislation. Along with the public's need we will address the policy's solution. Were we will see what the intended purpose of this act involved and see just how the government planned to help. It will also look at the some of the difficulties that this specific act faced then and now. We will also look into the effectiveness of this policy. Looking at what it has helped, where it has fallen short. Keywords: NOTA (National Organ Transplant Act), OPTN (Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network), UNOS (United Network for Organ Sharing) OPO (organ procurement organizations) National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 Public Need Image you turn on your television and see parents crying and asking for an organ for their child and offering you a lump sum of cash and you just so happen to the same blood type. Now think if it was an older lady who was not so good in front of a camera and offering no money just her heart felt thank you. Who would you donate your organ to? Well once transplants really got started that what was happening. According to Special to the New York Times (1986) people were taking to the media on behalf of their loved ones or even their self's to try and get anyone to give their organs bribing with money and status. People were charging ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24.
  • 25. The Importance Of Organ Transplants Organ transplants are necessary for the survival for millions of people around the world. While the need for transplants is often something that increases in frequency with age, adolescents are also subject to ailments which require transplants. Surrounding these organ transplants, there is a massive amount of care both before and after the procedure which allows the patients to properly heal. While most professionals agree that physical care is necessary, the need for psychological care is often seen as much less of a priority. Seeing psychological care as less important is a threat to the mental health of these children. This lack of focus on psychological care has impacts that are extremely negative for these children, and can lead to things like depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress disorder. I argue that adolescent patients of liver transplants need psychological care equally as much as they need physical care. The lack of psychological care before and after surgery is massively overlooked by healthcare professionals. The most common reason for needing a liver transplant, in both adults and adolescents, is acute liver failure (ALF), which is defined by Maryam Moini as "the rapid onset of liver dysfunction characterized by mental deterioration and coagulopathy in a patient without pre–existing liver disease"(1). Acute liver failure is a rare condition which occurs in between 1 and 8 per 1 million people annually (1). This is most commonly caused by infection, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26.
  • 27. Organ Donation For An Organ Transplant According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services 18 people die each day waiting for an organ transplant. They also state that one organ donor can save up to eight lives. Those are significant numbers that should make us very much aware of the monumental impact organ donation can have on the lives of so many critically ill patients and their families. Although the tragedy of an accident or horrifying event is sometimes unbearable for the patient and the patient's family, it may result in what some may call a "new hope" for those who are awaiting organ transplantation. Emergency department doctors and nurses play an integral part between life and death, between trying to save the patient and preserving the option of organ donation in the patient who cannot be saved. There are two sources for donor organs. The first source removes organs from recently deceased people. These organs are called cadaveric organs. A person becomes a cadaveric organ donor by indicating that they would like to be an organ donor when they die. This decision is usually noted either on a driver's license or on a health care directive. (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004) The second source for donor organs is a living person. Living donors are often related to the patient, but that is not always the case and certainly does not have to be the case. The one factor that must occur for cadaveric organ donation to be possible is brain death. Brain death is defined as ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28.
  • 29. The Need Of Organ Transplants Essay The overwhelming need of organ transplants are increasing daily. There are many causes for such a high demand in the organ crisis, one of them being diabetes. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of organ transplants, primarily kidneys. The waiting lists for donated organs are so incredibly long, that often, people wait for up to three years for an organ to become available. In the United Sta` tes alone, there is an average of seventeen patients per day that die while awaiting an organ transplant. (Journal of Medical Ethics) The United States is not the only nation plagued with such long waiting lists. The problem of having a shortage of organs needed for transplants has taken its toll throughout the entire world. This global issue is in need of a solution. How do we reduce the numbers of patients awaiting organ transplants? Also, at what cost are people willing to pay for an organ that is so desperately needed? Kidney transplants are the fastest growing surgical procedure that the world is in need of today. Throughout the globe, there are an estimated 2.8 million people that are currently in need of a kidney. Patients in need of kidney transplants are often placed on dialysis (a long term prevention for kidney failure). The sufferable acts of dialysis alone, can lead people to do irrational things. In their desperation, they often try to find ways to help prolong the life expectancy of their loved ones on dialysis. The problem lies in the amount of surgeries ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30.
  • 31. Ethical Considerations Of Organ Transplants A human life is precious. When a procedure takes place to extend a life, there's many regulations doctors must abide by. An organ transplant is a laborious process due to the National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) of 1984. NOTA established the national Organ Procurement and Transplant Network (OPTN) for matching donor organs to waiting recipients. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is the organization that manages the OPTN, pretty much responsible for making and managing the connections between donors and recipients. The donor's blood type and body size is provided to UNOS. The UNOS computer system then matches the donated organs to patients who are potential recipients of the needed organs. The recipient is selected on different criteria; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I may find myself on my death bed, and in need of a transplant. It's now 2017, and I feel confident that if I needed to undergo transplant surgery at this time, it would be a successful mission. By the time I get to the mid stages of my life, technology will only be more advanced. Medications used for the transplant process will be more reliable, the computer programs matching donors with recipients will be more accurate, and the trial and error rate is increasing each day. I am thankful for technology and all the time doctors, coordinators, and researchers have put into possibly giving someone more time. Life is ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32.
  • 33. The Organ Transplant Industry Dagny Layman Mia Wall AP English C 23 May 2015 Tough Choices: Efficiency vs. Equity in the Organ Transplant Industry Across the country, sick men, women, and children wait for new chances at life: donor organs. A young woman, chest riddled with cancerous tumors, learns that in order to survive she needs new heart within the next year. A grandfather, withered and jaundiced, slips slowly into a coma as years of heavy drinking take their final toll. A tiny infant, born with underdeveloped lungs, lies motionless in an oxygen–rich, tank–like crib as his mother holds his minuscule hand and prays he will hang on just a little bit longer. Some patients wait for hours, months, or even years before an organ becomes available and they are given a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Alcoholics wait hopelessly, knowing that due to the nature of their illness, they have slim chances of getting new livers. After all, who would give a new organ to someone who destroyed his previous one? And as these thousands of patients wait and hope, committees of medical professionals create policies to regulate organ allocation, policies that give the gift of new life to some patients and destine others to wait for chances that will never come. When medical professionals create organ allocation policies, their main decision comes down to a simple question: should their policies place a higher emphasis on equity or efficiency? Policies emphasizing efficiency primarily aim to avoid wasting organs. Although the definition of "waste" varies, efficiency advocates discourage allocation to those estimated to die soon, such as the elderly, or those who have caused their own disease. Pro–equity advocates tend to consider such judgments of value biased and unfair. Policies emphasizing equity are concerned with fairness in the allocation process: assuring the criteria remain unbiased towards any one group (e.g. race, sex, age, sexual orientation, etc.). Opening up the use of "worth" as a criterion leaves room for human bias. Fortunately, the United Network for Organ Sharing continuously reviews and modifies organ allocation policies within the United States. Within ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34.
  • 35. commercialization of organ transplants Essay COMMERCIALIZATION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS Student: Patrick Frost Instructor: Professor Edwin Martinez del Rio Business Ethics 309 October 21, 2013 Strayer University COMMERCIALIZATION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS Arguments in favor of organ commercialization Commercialization of human organs from consenting adults will lead to an increase in the supply of organs needed for transplants (Kanniyakonil, 2005). The major challenge in hospitals is the lack of organs needed for transplantation to the increasing number of patients. Currently, organs are only accepted from victims of altruism suicide and this does not cover the medical needs throughout the world. Thus, by commercializing organs for transplants, the number of organ will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Commercialization of organs will also lead to degradation in the medical ethics. Patients who are incapable financially may not be given the same medical care quality as people with money. Medical incompatibility is another reason why commercialization of human organs is not advisable. Family members are advised to donate due to enhanced chance of molecular compatibility. However, if organs are sold over the counter unknowing public may buy the organs without the knowledge of the required medical compatibility. Thus, their loved ones may develop serious medical complications or even die as a result of the transplant. My position on the debate My position on the debate of commercialization of organ transplants is that it should not be allowed. This, however, does not mean that people are not participating in the practice. Commercialization of organ transplant is a lucrative business. However, this is morally wrong and is against human ethics. This is due to the fact that commercialization of human organs even if it results in saving lives has a bigger negative impact on the society and on the individual. The major moral problem is that people donating will be under the obligation of benefiting. Like is said earlier, in places where organ commercialization is being practice, the business is very lucrative. The need to benefit from the organ donations violates the ethics that are aligned with human ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36.
  • 37. Persuasive Speech On Organ Transplant Surgery Following doctors' announcement of a successful synthetic windpipe surgery at the Children's Hospital of Illinois, Hannah Warren's parents said in an interview, "So many stars needed to align for Hannah to become a normal little girl and lead a healthy life, and they all did" (Kane). This miracle could not have occurred without scientists' continuous effort in advancing the 1954 operation when doctors performed the first live donor transplant surgery ("Organ Transplant History"). Through this unceasing amelioration, science has assisted millions of people similar Warren and has established the precedent that scientists and doctors must actualize their ability to save countless more people. With ideological advancements of this proportion, however, some members of society resist this progression. Oppositionists propose the claim that unsuccessful operations are a crucial factor in medical advancements and that scientists are pushing natural boundaries. Nevertheless, one must understand that this interference is unjust; improvements in the field of transplants create essential opportunities for life, and society should not stand in the way of progress. Despite continuous opposition towards the advancements, irrefutable evidence suggests that transplants can provide life–changing results and vast improvements in life quality for the people who receive these operations. While undergoing a transplant–based procedure, one does not risk the unsuccess or adverse effects that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38.
  • 39. The Problem Of Organ Transplants The need for organs is a growing dilemma amongst America and countries all over the world. Thousands of people sit on waiting lists in hopes to receive a new organ never knowing if they will actually receive one before their delicate organ gives up. Although many people are willing to be donors upon the time of their own death, the shortage of organs hangs over the patients and families who deal with the reality of an organ shortage every day. One solution that has been proposed is allowing people to be able to sell their own organs in order to meet the need that is out there now. Constructing a program that allows the sale of an organ would lead to a decrease in the black market for organs, an increase in organ availability, and create a greater awareness of the need for more organ donors. Creating a program to control the sale of organs would lead to a decrease in the need for a black market. Due to a growing need of organ transplants, especially kidneys, unfortunate scenarios have come about as a result of the shortage. Out of desperation, many people in other countries have gone searching for organs overseas and even behind the scenes searching for the "underground market" of organ sales. In some countries like Bangladesh, brokers cut corners to coerce subjects into donating their organs when the willing donor might not even know what their organ does (Resnick, 2012). By allowing the sale of organs for those who freely want to participate in saving lives, this corrupt ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40.
  • 41. What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Organ... Introduction Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub described transplantation as "one of the great success stories of the latter half of the 20th century" (Transplants save lives). Organ transplantation is used in medicine in order to save people lives, but not all people support this action. As a result, it is a question that has caused a great deal of controversy. I choose this global issue because of several reasons. Firstly, it is very interesting topic and very controversial. Secondly, it will be useful information for me as in the future I would like to be surgeon. Thanks to this research I will knew about their job and advantages and disadvantages of it. Context A few centuries ago, people were dying because of lack of a developed and high–quality ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Organ transplantation is a very expensive procedure. In order to be placed on the waiting list for organs, people need to spend a lot of money. "It is not uncommon for the cost of the transplant surgery and following hospitalization to result in a bill that exceeds $500,000" (Jennifer Heisler). Patient should pay approximately tens of thousands millions just only to take placed in the waiting list of people, who need organ transplantation. In addition, people should buy different drugs after operations and it is also costs a big amount of money and not all people can afford it. "Unfortunately, the expenses do not end with surgery; the cost of medications in the year after surgery typically exceeds $30,000 a year" (Jennifer Heisle). People need spend money on drugs in order not to have problems with health after surgery transplanted organs to them. A lot of drugs are very expensive. People should pay thousands of dollars for it. Overall, the disadvantage of organ transplantation is the cost of this operation and following care, including medical. These arguments have representative, up–date (July 31, 2014), quoted correctly in context evidence. The information was taken from article "How to Pay For an Organ Transplant Surgery" It is a very reliable source for several reasons. Firstly, the author is a nurse, who worked in the areas such as surgery and organ transplantation. Thus, Jennifer Heisler has a high reputation and an ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42.
  • 43. Organ Of A Organ Transplant Organ Transplant How do you feel when you really want something, but you have to wait for it? Especially if it was the result of either life or death. People all across America are in this situation. They need an organ transplant in order to live but they are put on a waiting list to see if they qualify for an organ which may come in time before they are to sick, or it may not come in time which ends in death. Some of the points we will discuss is what is an organ transplant, how can we determine the value of a human life, and reasons why certain individuals that we chose deserve an organ transplant the most and which individuals don't. With this in mind, what exactly is an organ transplant? An organ transplant is an operation that places a healthy organ from another person into your body. The organ can come from someone who died (a deceased donor) and who has signed their states donor registry or told their family their wishes to become a donor. The organs that can be replaced are the kidneys, heart, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. There are no set age limits that exists for certain organ transplant. You can receive a transplant at any age, but most commonly occurs with teenagers. Women are more prone to have complications, organ rejection, or even die from the organ transplant than men. In addition, organ transplants are more common in females than males for the fact men's organs are two times stronger. This is the result of why most organ donors are ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 44.
  • 45. The National Organ Transplant Act Of 1984 It is an indisputable fact that under the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984, there is a larger demand for organs than there is available supply. As a result, people in need of kidney or liver transplants die every year while waiting. Under the current system, the only way to receive an organ transplant is either by having a family member selflessly volunteer to donate theirs, or by being put on a waiting list to receive an organ from the recently deceased. To combat this lack of supply, some in need of transplants desperately turn to the black market, paying enormous sums of money for organs that were more than likely taken illegally. Others die waiting for a transplant that was never realistically going to happen in time. In essence, the gap between supply and demand for organs is causing both a loss in quantity and quality of lives. However, changing policy to allow payments to organ donors would drastically reduce this gap, therefore decreasing wait time for organs and saving lives. The crucial step that must be taken to save these lives is to repeal the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 which prohibits the sale of organs. The proposal of payments to organ donors is one that is certainly within the realm of possibility as it could be done by increasing surgical costs by no more than twelve percent (Becker and Elias). Becker and Elias have suggested that the price for a kidney or liver would be approximately $15,200 and $37,600, respectively. These estimates are ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 46.
  • 47. Persuasive Essay On Organ Transplants According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, there are currently around 117,000 people with their lives currently on hold, hoping and praying for an organ transplant that will save their lives. Not only are those patients waiting on the transplant list lives impacted, but also the lives of the family and friends of those 117,000 men, women, and children who are also forced to patiently sit and wait, in hopes that their loved one is lucky enough to receive their vital organ. However, because of the extreme decline in the U.S. of organ donors and an extreme increase in patients in need an organ transplant, the likelihood of their loved ones' receiving one of these lifesaving transplants is quickly deteriorating more and more each day. As the national rates for the number of organ transplants preformed continue to rise more and more each year, the gap between supply and demand for these organs still continue to expand (Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network). As a nation, we have continued to advance medically, since the first successful organ transplantation in 1945 by Nobel Prize winner Joseph Murray, while currently maintaining a 90% success rate which is both nationally and internationally an all–time high (LiveOnNY.org). According to Barbra Mantel in her article "Organ Donations– Can the growing demand for organs be met" this problem continues to grow each day despite the recent groundbreaking medical advances, solely because of the increasing need of donated organs not being able to keep up with the exceedingly growing number of patents in need of an organ transplant. I am personally extremely connected to this intensifying issue because I have witnessed first–hand both tragedy and great success involved with the both sides of organ donation through the lives of a donor and a recipient. Last year, one of my closest friend's 12–year–old sister, Kenzie, tragically passed away unexpectedly from what was thought just to be a common migraine, but turned out to be so much more. I was forced to watch as one of my best friends, the rest of her family, and our entire town grieve her catastrophic death. This loss of life from someone who had only been here such a short time was ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 48.
  • 49. The Pros And Cons Of Organ Transplants A major obstacle to obtaining an organ transplant today is that donated organs is the very limited supply of organs, while the waiting lists are very long (Jenkins, Reilly, Schwab, 1999). Organ transplants vary in the type of organ needed, and some are more limited than others. Unfortunately, many individuals pass away waiting on the list rather than living a fulfilled life after receiving their donated organ (Jenkins, Reilly, Schwab, 1999). Due to the indefinite wait on the transplant list, the controversy has emerged about who should be allowed to receive one. It is understandable that some individuals and families of those waiting on the list become frustrated. There are opinions that anyone with a known substance abuse issue should not have access to a donated organ, especially if they do not have plans to cessate their addiction post–transplantation. However, others may feel that everyone is equal and no matter what circumstances, that they should have equal opportunity to obtain a transplant. In order to comprehensively cover the controversy, we will first discuss supporting points of organ transplants for current substance abusers. Hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease are both leading causes of liver transplantation in the United States (Koch & Banys, 2001). Liver transplantation in alcoholic patients was well–established, but there was limited research on the practices and policies regarding past or current substance abuse at the time of liver transplant (Koch & ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 50.
  • 51. Should Organ Transplants Be Legal? Organ transplants are one of the most dangerous procedures in modern medicine, many things have been done to make them safer for the patient but there are still a lot of risks being taken. With organs in short supply and because of the risk factor many people are not allowed to have organ transplants and people have been fighting back against their doctors because doctors have to choose whether to grant or deny an organ transplant. Many people do not believe that doctors should be able to deny a transplant to a patient if they have been on the waiting list and now have an organ available but without doctors making these important decisions more problems are caused. With the inherent risk of transplants and with the miniscule amount of available organs and donors, doctors should be allowed to make the decision of whether a patient receives a transplant because of their experience with the procedure, their knowledge of whether a patient will be able to take care of themselves after and their ideas of what patients would not survive the procedure. With all of the knowledge and experience a doctor has they should be allowed to make the decision of whether someone should receive a transplant or other surgery. This is a decision between life and death and if one transplant is not successful it takes away the opportunity of a successful transplant from another person, it only makes sense to allow doctors to make the decision between two patients waiting for the same transplant and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 52.
  • 53. How To Legalize Organ Transplants In the 1950's scientist and doctors realized that they could transplant one person's organ into another's body performing their first successful transplant. Since then numerous lives have been saved and prolonged due to organ transplants. Every year since then the amount of people needing organ transplants have continued to grow. This growth has exceeded the amount of organ donations leaving thousands waiting for an organ they may never receive. In desperation, people have turned to illegal alternative methods to obtain an organ for fear of death. They offer monetary gain to others for much needed organs, however the problem with that is most countries have not legalized the sale of organs. Therefore, a black market for human body parts supplies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... As days turn into weeks, weeks into months and months into years, the initial hope begins to fail as one is knocking on deaths door. The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services reports, "an average of 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs" (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2013). An article in The Penn Center guide to bioethics states, "One of these is a child or a baby. These deaths are especially tragic because many of them could be prevented if there were more organs available" (Caplan, 2009). It must remain a frightening matter to realize that one's days are numbered and devoid of a transplant one will have to leave behind loved ones, incomplete business, and unpaid bills for others to acquire. Frustration and anger must attack the hearts of those helplessly watching as loved ones watch their spouses, children, parents, and friends start to fade away. As their hope dwindles and desperation turns into anger at the realization that death is preventable, many turn to alternative methods to obtain much–needed organs. Therefore, while laws insist that altruism is the only way one is to obtain an organ a black market for organs has manifested itself. The black market ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 54.
  • 55. The First Human Organ Transplant In December of 1954, the first human organ transplant was performed in the United States between identical twin brothers. In the past sixty years, organ transplantation has become the gold standard in the treatment of organ failure from a number of underlying causes with dramatic improvements to recipients' health and quality of life (Kaserman, 2007). From the first kidney transplant in 1954 to the late 1980's, one of the biggest advancements was the use of cadaver organs. Organ rejection was the primary concern from the transplant team who knew that the use of cadaver organs posed higher risks of failure. The successful use of cadaver organs was made possible by the development of immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine. The practice of utilizing immunosuppressive drugs has led to a decrease of transplant failure–rejection of a new organ– by the recipient's own immune system (Kaserman, 2007). As research continues to look for new ways to decrease organ rejection rates, the majority of recipients take immunosuppressive drugs and will need to do so indefinitely (Ehlers, 2002). Kaserman states that as the transplant industry grew, a need for guidelines became apparent and hence requested that Congress create a governing body (2007). In response, the United States government created the current system in 1984 which has been revised several times. The system is governed by the National Organ Transplant Act. NOTA is based off the ethical ideal of altruism: "To give freely ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 56.
  • 57. Alcoholics Should NOT Be Eligible to Receive Organ... In modern medicine, we have the ability to transplant organs from one person to another, with the hopes that this will greatly improve the length and quality of life for the patient receiving the transplant. Ten years ago, there were 53,167 people on the transplant list. By the beginning of 2015, the list increased to over 123,000 people waiting for that miracle call stating that they found a match and the transplant can now happen. One reason for the increase in people on the list is that people in the age group between 50–70 years old are now considered to be viable candidates for transplant due to medical advances. However, by December, 2014, twenty–one people were dying each day while waiting for a transplant. (Benjamin Samstein, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... There is even a possibility of creating embryonic stem cells from the patient by cloning their own cells. (Perry) A person, who has trashed their body with alcoholism and required a transplant, should not be eligible for a second transplant if they again were abusing alcohol. Especially over a person, to no fault of their own, is battling a liver disease. In an article from the Canadian Medical Association Journal by E. Kluge, he states that "people who engage in poor lifestyle choices are behaving irresponsibly and could have prevented their illness and are, in essence, increasing the need for organs and depriving people who have no control over their need of necessary treatment." (Kluge, 2004) People suffering from psychosis, dementia, Down Syndrome, malignant cancers, and continuing substance or not eligible for transplants, active alcoholics are not eligible because of their unhealthy lifestyle would only result in the failure of the new liver. Based on long term studies of alcoholism, remissions and relapses, there are factors that indicate favorable outcomes. If the patient is involved in activities to take the place of the drinking, being in a caring long–term relationship and having a positive self esteem will help with sobriety. If at least two of these factors are present, the patient is more likely to remain abstinent for three years or more. (Abhinandana Anantharaju) When a doctor is faced with whether or not to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 58.
  • 59. Should Organ Transplants Be Legal? In the past century, science has made remarkable improvements in individual's daily lives, from landing a man on the moon to transplanting organs between two people; science has taken a leap forward in helping humanity. The scientific discovery that absolutely fascinates many people is how surgeons can remove a failed organ from one person and implant a healthy organ inside the same person so that they can survive and live a longer and healthier life (1). Organ transplants are important in our society and there should be more funding from the government for research on organ transplants because not only has it been important that doctors have transplanted vital organs, but wouldn 't it be an honor to say that a doctor or scientist in America was the first to successfully transplant brain tissue? The government should fund programs for extensive research on organ transplants so that in the future people who suffer from organ failure can benefit from the research conducted. Despite the fact that organ transplants have not been around a long time, it is a discovery that has definitely benefited many people. According to the website Transplant Australia, the first successful transplant was of eye tissue, which was achieved in 1905 (2). The transplant was by an Austrian man by the name of Eduard Zirm, who conducted the transplant on a man who was blinded in an accident (3). This transplant revolutionized the medical field because doctors were not attempting to transplant animal ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 60.
  • 61. Should Organ Donation Be An Organ Transplant? Introduction It's a chance to save someone's life without cost but hardly anyone is doing it, organ donation is decreasing while the need is increasing Everyone should become an organ donor. It doesn't cost a thing and can improve or save someone's life after the death of another. This sound like simple facts, then why is it that 19 people die each day waiting for an organ transplant?(Mayoclinic.org) Body How to become a donor There are a few easy ways to become a donor. One, every state allows for registration for organ donation. In Illinois this can be done at the local Department of Motor Vehicles or go online at Lifegoeson.com . It is now legal and binding if a person registers (lifegoeson.com). Additional witness or family contest is no longer needed in the State of Illinois. Two, a person can sign and carry a Uniform Donor Card. This form can be downloaded and printed through the OrganDonor.org website. These steps are two easy choices and can be done by anyone who wishes to. Some states require that upon the death a family member must sign a consent form. Why a shortage If it is required that a family member sign a consent form some family members do not agree with this decision (lifesource.com). This causes a shortage in available donors even if the deceased agreed to become a donor. As stated earlier this is not the case in the State of Illinois but not all state has this same law. Letting family members aware of wishes to donate will make this process ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 62.
  • 63. Inmates and Organ Transplants: An Ethical Dilemma Essay In today's medical field there is a profuse amount of room for ethical questioning concerning any procedure performed by a medical professional. According to the book Law & Ethics for Medical Careers, by Karen Judson and Carlene Harrison, ethics is defined as the standards of behavior, developed as a result of one's concept of right and wrong (Judson, & Harrison, 2010). With that in mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death–Row Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death–row prisoner in Oregon, by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes–Camarena, receiving priority over a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... With the state funding health care for prisoners and the Supreme Court's ruling, this does however cause a problem for physicians who are ethically bound to help all patients. "[It also causes frustration among physicians because budget cuts are knocking arguably more deserving donor recipients off the transplant list, and allowing prisoners like Reyes–Camarena to receive priority]" (Robinson). Not only is the dilemma of inmates receiving organ transplants affecting physicians, but it affects all citizens equally, as well. It costs taxpayers ten and hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars to provide one prisoner with a transplant operation ("Organ transplants for," 2011). "Efforts to ensure prisoner rights have compromised the lives of law–abiding taxpayers who are the state's main source of income when it comes to paying for inmates' medical bills" (Robinson). The issue of inmates receiving priority over deserving law–abiding citizens when it comes to organ transplants could possibly be resolved satisfactorily. One of the ways this could happen is by having the Supreme Court make amends to its original ruling by going more in depth about the health–care criteria inmates are entitled to. Another way to resolve this issue, would be to have each individual state come up with various health care plans in which inmates' would be able to sign up and pay for with the money on their accounts, or having family members or friends pay for ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 64.
  • 65. The Contribution Of An Organ Transplant An organ transplant "is a surgical operation where a failing or damaged organ in the human body is removed and replaced with a new one" (Center for Bioethics). The first organ transplant was provided in 1954, where a kidney was taken from one identical brother to another, lasting for eight years. Eventually more successful organ transplants began to occur such as in 1962 the first cadaveric transplant was a success prolonging life for almost two years. In 1966 a successful liver transplant had a lifespan of one year and in 1967 the first successful heart transplant lasted for two and a half weeks. In 1981 the first successful heart–lung transplant gave life to its recipient for five years and in 1982 was the first artificial heart transplant was performed. In 1983 Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant drug was approved by the FDA. The first successful living–related liver transplant happened in 1989 and in 1996 the first "split liver" transplant was performed where one cadaveric liver was split into several pieces to transplant into more than one person. In 2001 the number of living organ donations passed cadaveric donations and from 2001 to present time several organizations are doing their best to persuade people to be living organ donors and become a organ donor after death (Center for Bioethics). If you need an organ you will need to evaluated by a transplant physician and they will determine where you will be placed on the transplant list. The transplant list is very ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 66.
  • 67. Organ Transplants : The Advantage Of Donation And Transplants According to the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplant (2016), there was an estimated 62,446 transplantation of kidneys globally in 2016 with 19,280 of those kidneys coming from living donors. While there appears to be a rise in the demand for organ transplants, the supply has yet to meet this rise. This shortage of organ availability has led to illegal international organ trade and the harvesting of organs on the black market (Shimazono, 2007). It is estimated that approximately 10% of all transplants that occur are performed illegally (Delmonica, 2009) and that organ trade is ranked as one of the ten most profitable crimes world wide (Frederike & Willem, 2016). The majority of legal organs transplanted come from either a living or deceased donor where consent to the procedure has been made prior to the transplant and financial incentives or reimbursements for organ donations are not acceptable in a large majority of the world. However, in Iran the sale of one's own kidney is legal and therefore the country has no shortage of the organ (Dehghan, 2012). While Iran is the only country that allows for legal organ trade, other countries such as Singapore, Australia, Israel, and Saudi Arabia have legalized financial reimbursements for individuals who choose to donate (Apte, 2015). These include things like paid wages from days missed at work and coverage for both present and future medical bills compensated by either the recipient of the organ or the government (Apte, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 68.
  • 69. Organ Transplant Disadvantages Organ transplants Definition: Organ Transplantation is a surgery that transfers an organ from one body to another and it is often the last and only way for puzzle out an organ failure, Such as lung failure and heart failure. It is often very expensive. Background Information: The history of organ transplant has a complex background. The first ever organ transplant happened in 1954 where a kidney transplants occurred. The donor of the kidney was an identical twin. Since they are identical there were no immune rejections of the kidney. The person who performed this transplant was named Dr. Joseph Murray won a Nobel Prize for his success. The first ever heart transplant was performed in 1985 in Poland, Zaigniew Religa, the doctor who performed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A single lung transplant could cost a grand total of five hundred thousand USD. And among all the types of organs they transplant, transplanting Intestine costs the most, about 1.2 million USD, Which is very expensive. Not only it is expensive, it is hard to even get a hold of the organ, most people who have a kidney failure often get the required organ from their love ones (if no rejection occurs) since it is expensive. Other than that people need to wait for the organs. Averages of 10 people die a day waiting for organs to be delivered. Because of that, many people often trade organs illegally for the money. Organ trade is the trade involving inner organs like heart liver and kidney. Places that are illegal for trading organs are Angola, Balkan Region, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Eastern Europe, India, United States of America, United Kingdom and Russia. Another Disadvantage of Organ Transplant is: it increase the infection of other diseases, Organ Transplantation cures the diseases the client has, but in the future the chances of getting infection due to the immunosuppressant drugs( this drug is also very expensive) that they will needed for the rest of their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 70.
  • 71. Organ Donation For Organ Transplants INTRODUCTION Organ donation is one of the most pressing health policy issues for our government to deal with and organ donation rates in England must increase in order to meet the demand for organs on waiting lists. Furthermore, the demand for surgical procedures such as organ transplantation has rapidly increased after scientific breakthroughs in transplant technologies as well as the advent of new medicines to reduce many problems associated with transplants, thereby increasing the life expectancy of people receiving the transplant. With more than 7000 to 8000 people on the waiting list in England alone, on the waiting list for an organ transplant and only an estimated 2,800 organs that are transplanted each year (NHSBT 2016), there is a significant shortage of organs available for transplant. There is an increasing concern that the current system for organ donation in England, is failing to meet the demand in organs needed for transplantation. The number of people needing transplants is going up steadily by about 8 percent each year.(b) The number of premature deaths has also increased to approximately 1000 (Rieu. 2010) every year and this is conceivably the most tragic reminder that the current system is failing us. To combat this problem, many health researchers have suggested changes to change the organ donation laws, from informed consent to presumed consent. THE CURRENT AND PROPOSED SYSTEMS/ DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYSTEMS The difference Since the Human Tissue Act ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 73. Organ Transplants : An Organ Donation Yazmin G. Urrea J. Forsythe English 1 A January 20, 2015 Donating Organs Did you know that over one hundred thousand people in the U.S. are waiting for an organ donation? Do you know what an organ transplant is? An organ transplant is when an organ is replaced, a failing organ with a healthy organ from another person. The reason behind an organ transplant is to help people who have organs failing, and those people that have some sort of disease in their organs. When you become a donor, you help improve research in many ways possible, with some of the organs donated; doctors have found more and more information in order to help people with failing organs. Donating organs can help save hundreds if not thousands regularly; also it gives comfort for grieving families because even though the people in their family died they know that they did something in order to save someone else's life. Did you know that most people get transplants because they have a disease which needs help? The cornea is the most commonly transplanted tissues in fact, more than four hundred thousand corneal transplants occur in the United States a year. Organ recipients are selected with basic information starting with medical needs, location and compatibility. In most countries, it is illegal to sell and buy organs, but international black markets increase around the world. Organ transplants should be encouraged and we should encourage other people to donate for many reasons. Would you help save someone's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 75. The Benefits Of Pig Organ Transplants The first successful human transplant recorded in medical science history occurred in 1954. These transplants included the following: kidney, heart and liver. As the years pass by other organ transplant are on the rise such as kidney–pancreas and heart–lung. Every year, an outstanding number of patients lose their life waiting for a brand–new organ. This has left the medical field in search of a new solution to solve this problem. The benefits of having a pig organ transplant into human is that this would provide a supply of organs to the people in need, would allow scientist to open up new areas of research. Prior to this, the history behind pig transplant started in the 1960 with a surgeon who had inserted a baboon and chimpanzee kidneys into humans. As a result to this, only a few had a slight success and patients began to die a couple of months later due to their immune system attacking and rejecting the organ. Years later in the early 1990s a surgeon name David ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In addition, Allen has found, in the United States alone, 3,000 people die each year waiting to receive an organ (Allen). By this result, researchers are desperately searching for a plan to give patients the organs they need. Researchers started visualizing farm animals, including pigs and thought not only can they be raised for their meat, but for their organs. For instance, studies have shown that an organ of a piglet is compatible to an organ of a child. In the same reason an adult pig's organs are similarly to an adult organ. Pig transplant may be the answer that surgeons are searching for to be able to give these people the organs they need. Thus, explains the reason why organ transplant from pig should take place. In addition, this would reduce the amount of people who are in need of a new organ and would expand their life ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 77. Persuasive Essay: The Need For Organ Transplants You are sitting in a hospital bed for the fifth time this week. The doctor gives you many medications to help the pain you feel in your heart. You are constantly reminded that your heart has many defects, and soon realize that you need a new one. To the right if you, there is a device the size of a washing machine with two tubes that are connecting to your chest so that your heart can still pump blood. You feel so fatigued, almost as if you cannot breathe. You find it terrifying to think that your life depends on the next available organ donor in your area. You begin to lose hope every day but the doctors and your family encourage you to be patient, that there will be somebody out there with a heart to give. Unfortunately this story is not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Those patients that suffer through the waiting process experience the most distressing moments if their lifetimes with their friends and family. Examples of experiences include: "...Those in need of lung transplants felt breathless, tired weak...", "Those with kidney problems went through many dialysis type therapies...strict diets made patients feel exhausted and drained", and "Recipients described being very breathless, tired and weak for several years before the transplant, and had needed oxygen to help them breathe and a wheelchair to help with their mobility." (healthtalk.org). In other words, these aching patients underwent probably once in a lifetime experience of physical suffering which is a problem that should be addressed. It should be encouraged to sign up for organ donation so that we can help this public health issue. Not only may a donated organ save a life, but ease and soothe the thoughts of the family members involved. For example, an organ recipient, named Deepak, had a family who was negatively affected by the health of their loved one. For example, "For Deepak having kidney disease was an emotional roller coaster that affected the whole family. They had to accept they wouldn't have more children and travelling would be difficult. It was an uncertain time...". (med.uth.edu). This family experience depicts how emotionally damaging the suffering of a loved one may be especially when they are waiting for a life saving organ. You cannot tell me that this story has no problem with it. The issue is that recipients are stuck waiting for organs because too many people in the U.S. refuse to understand how helpful the organ donation organizations are to the patients. This issue can be addressed properly with awareness of the organ donation process, and the exposure of the beauty in organ donation to the local communities of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...