Educational objectives as philosophy

1. Can
thinking
be
classified?
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

2. Please turn off and put away cell phones. Thank
you.
Who was Benjamin Bloom?
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Activity: Taxonomy Sort
Writing Educational Objectives
Discussion
Next class: Read handout Teacher Code of
Conduct
AGENDA

3. In 1956, Benjamin Bloom , an
educational psychologist,
categorized thinking skills
and behaviors important for
learning.
He believed:
Learning was a process
Learning builds on former
learning to develop more
complex ways of thinking.
BENJAMIN BLOOM

4. Bloom divided learning into three areas or
domains:
 Cognitive Domain – knowledge and thinking
 Affective Domain – attitude, emotions and behavior
 Psychomotor Domain – physical skills
Of the three, the cognitive domain has received the
most attention and had the most influence. This will
be our focus tonight.
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

5. Bloom defined 3 types of knowledge:
Factual Knowledge
 Knowing facts and definitions
Conceptual Knowledge
 Knowing classifications, principles, and
theories
Procedural Knowledge
 Knowing the rules, skills, and methods
for a specific subject
Metacognitive Knowledge
 Understanding how one thinks and
processes knowledge
TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

6. Original Revised
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
In 2001, the cognitive domain
was revised to be more dynamic.
Knowledge was changed to the
more accurate Remembering.
Nouns were changed to verbs and
the top two categories were
reversed. What do you think of
the changes?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qfp3x
_qx5IM

7. 1. Before we can understand a concept we have
to remember it
2. Before we can apply the concept we must understand it
3. Before we analyze it we must be able to apply it
4. Before we can evaluate its impact we must
have analyzed it
5. Before we can create we must have remembered,
understood, applied, analyzed, and evaluated.
HIERARCHY OF LEARNING

8. Every one of us has been influenced by Bloom’s Taxonomy!
Bloom’s Taxonomy was designed to help educators formulate
learning objectives and write tests. It has heavily influenced
teaching and has been applied to:
IMPORTANCE
• Lesson Planning
• Mastery-Learning
• Common Core

9. Most teaching is directed to the lower levels of thinking [LOTS].
But retention of learning correlates most highly with the higher
levels [HOTS]
IMPORTANCE
HOTS

10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TI4kZb0vLiY
HARRY POTTER MEETS BLOOM’S
TAXONOMY

11. Using Bloom’s Taxonomy, work
with your partner to sort the
activities you are given into the
different levels of learning.*An
activity may meet more than one.
 Remembering
 Recognizing a fact
 Recalling a fact
 Understanding
 Interpreting
 Giving an example
 Classifying
 Summarizing
 Inferring
 Comparing
 Explaining
 Applying
 Using
 Carrying out
 Analyzing
 Comparing & Contrasting
 Organizing
 Attributing
 Evaluating
 Checking
 Critiquing
 Creating
 Generating ideas
 Synthesizing
 Planning
 Producing
TAXONOMY SORT

12. Educational objectives are usually written in the format of:
After this [activity or lesson], the student will be able to_____
In the blank the teacher fills in the specific skill or piece of
knowledge the student will have that can be observed and
measured.
For example:
After learning Bloom’s Taxonomy, the student will be able to
use it to categorize specific learning experiences.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_woMKwBxhwU
WRITING OBJECTIVES

13. The danger in writing objectives is that without planning they
may only tap the lower levels of thinking. Using Bloom’s
Hierarchy insures that student’ thinking will be challenged.
For example: What level are these objectives?
After learning Bloom’s Taxonomy, the student will be able to
use it to categorize specific learning experiences.
Understanding
After categorizing specific learning experiences, the student will
write an educational objective for one of them.
Applying
CATEGORIZING LEARNING OBJECTIVES

14. This video explains why learning objectives should address the
higher level thinking skills using Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal
Development.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjUOHhFvR4k
CHOOSING ACTIVITIES

15.  If an objective is truly observable and measurable, then it is
easy to write the test question.
I.E.
 TASK: Write an educational objective for one of the activities
you sorted and identify its Bloom taxonomy category.
TESTING FOR UNDERSTANDING

16. 1. Which level of thinking do you use most in your every day
lives?
2. How does Bloom’s classification of thinking compare and
contrast with the ideas of Socrates, Plato, Kant, Rousseau,
Whitehead, Montessori and Dewey.
3. If you had to tell someone why Bloom’s work was important
what 3 points would you make?
IN CLASS WRITING ASSIGNMENT TO
TURN IN

17. Read the Hand Out Teacher Code
of Conduct.
NEXT ASSIGNMENT