Harvard Referencing Guide
Social Referencing Analysis
Ethical Referencing Paper
Harvard Referencing Guide
Unit 424 Referencing For Research Paper
Citation and Harvard Referencing Format
Examples Of Discursive Essay
Referencing Resilience
Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
Harvard Referencing System
When We Are Referencing Organization
Referencing For Plagiarism
Plagiarism Essay Examples
1. Reflection is described as a way of reviewing experiences from practice so that it can be described
and analysed and used to change future practice (Bulman and Schutz, 2004).
This essay will discuss the comments and views of anonymous service users and a professional nurse
following their contact with a student nurse. It will also include a self–reflection by the student
nurse. Through completion of a 360 degree tool the student nurses introduction, presentation,
communication and empathy will be considered. Areas for further development may also be
highlighted. The student will then reflect upon these outcomes to further develop their professional
manor. The essay will comply with Harvard referencing guidelines and will include a...show more
content...
(Figure 1) (Rolfe et al, 2011).
The model of reflection chosen for this essay is Gibbs' reflective cycle (1988). This model has been
chosen as it has clear systematic headings; it allows the individual to reflect precisely and accurately,
(Jasper, 2003). The Gibbs' reflective cycle incorporates 6 stages of refection (figure 2), (Rolfe et al,
2011).
The model will be applied to facilitate critical thinking and to underpin any improvements that
could be made. By following Gibb's cycle it allows the individual to review all aspects of the
situation. It will ensure that if the same problem arises new ways to improve will be found to
ensure the best care possible is given to the patient, (Jasper, 2003).
This reflection is based upon the 360 degree tool feedback I have received from three anonymous
service users, my practice mentor (a fully qualified Health visitor) and myself (a first year student
nurse). All this information is then returned to the individual can be used to improve self–learning
by reflecting on the responses given and focusing on any areas that can be developed or improved.
I have thoroughly enjoyed my first placement and feel as though I have learnt a great deal in just 8
weeks. I am happy with the feedback I have received, it corresponds to my own self–reflection and I
believe it will help me develop and improve many of my skills.
When evaluating my feedback
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2. Harvard Referencing Guide
debate
ana
A guide to the Harvard referencing system
Maureen Dwyer
This article explains how to reference an academic work using the Harvard system. Instructions
comply with the relevant British standards, i.e. BS 5605:1990, BS 1629:1989 and BS 6371:1983.
The importance of referencing in an approved manner is discussed and problem areas such as joint
authors, corporate authorship and unpublished works are examined. The issue of second–hand
references that are not addressed by the standards is also explained–
T
he Harvard system is a popular referencing system for academic works and is Ah( often referred to
as the 'author/date ' system, which distinguishes it from the Vancouver or 'numerical ' system. To be
more specific, it...show more content...
exact date is not known, an approximate date followed by a question mark can be given, e.g. (16th
century?). Where no date is given or can be found, (No date) or the .lbbrcviation (ND) should be
stated. Title: Always use the title on the title piige. Give the full title, although the inclusion of the
subtitle is optional. Journal titles should be given in full, with abbreviations used only in
accordance with BS 4148 (BSI, 1985). If referring to a whole journal – not just an article within it –
give the journal name and its International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), e.g.
Journal of Ecology, ISSN 0022–0477.
Reference: Dickinson EJ (1991) Quality hospitals: the role of medical audit. Geriatric Medicine 21:
27–8, 31–2. Citations in the text # Use only the author*s/s ' surname(s) and year of publication,
with the addition of page number(s) if required, e.g. (Swann, 1981, p. 10). # Where sense demands,
the name of the author(s) can be incorporated into the text, e.g. Strauss and Ziegler (1975) outline
the main goals of the Delphi technique, with Turoff (1970) identifying four secondary goals. # If
two or more works by the same author(s) have the same publication date, they should be
distinguished by adding lower case letters after the date, e.g. (Tschudin, 1992b).
Finalised reference list
Edition: It is important to state second or further
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3. Running head: PROPER CITATION, QUOTATION AND REFERENCING Proper Citation,
Quotation and Referencing Using The Publication Manual of the APA, 6th Edition Sample Paper
Free Essays Biffy Wentworth University PROPER CITATION, QUOTATION AND
REFERENCING Proper Citation, Quotation and Referencing Using The Publication Manual of the
APA, 6th Edition Every student at some time in his or her college career will be called on to write a
term paper for a course. Many students have never learned, or have not been taught, the proper form
of citation, quotation and referencing using the Publication Manual of the APA. When students use
citations incorrectly, they are running the risk that they are plagiarizing the...show more content...
The student makes a statement, and should then follow it with a source within the body of the
paper as proof. The scheme of events will look like this: student PROPER CITATION,
QUOTATION AND REFERENCING statement, then proof (with citation in the body of the paper),
statement, then proof. The reader will appreciate the proof as backup to the statements being made,
and it makes the statements have more power to be backed up by professionals who agree with
what is said. Citations can be paraphrased or quoted directly within the body of the paper. In fact, the
Publication Manual of the APA states that when there are direct quotations, the information varies
depending on whether using print or electric form. When citing print sources, give the "author, year,
and page number in parentheses" (Publication Manual of the APA, 2010, p. 120). When students are
paraphrasing, which means boiling down the phrases into their own words, the idea from the original
source must also be given proper credit. This means that the student should correctly cite, and put
quotations around the text that was used, so that the reader can go back and find the citation and the
context it was used in the original text. Students may also need to make a citation for secondary
sources within the body of a term paper. A secondary source is when the author quotes someone else,
and makes a citation within the text the student
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4. Social Referencing Analysis
According to the book, social referencing is where a young child who is faced with an uncertain
situation, such as meeting new people and then they will turn to a parent, infant care teacher,
preschool teacher, or family child care provider for clues about how they are going to react. It
portrays that young children look for a person who is close or significant in order to obtain
clarifying information in each situation. For example, a person came in a child's house and this is
the first time when the child meets this person. The child might look for their parents to clarify the
new people she sees. Then, child's parents greet this person and introduce it as their parents' friend.
Then, this is where a child would be comfortable knowing that
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5. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
Research papers (research essays) must include information from sources. This is called synthesizing
or integrating your sources.
There are three ways to incorporate information from other sources into your paper: quoting,
paraphrasing, and summarizing. Good research papers should include at least quoting and
paraphrasing and preferably also summarizing. The method you choose depends on which is the best
way to make the point you are trying to make in using that particular information from the source. It
is very important to remember that even if you are not using the exact words of the author as when
you paraphrase or summarize, you must give a source citation.
Every sentence with information from a...show more content...
Quotations should only be used in paraphrases when there are special words or wording that cannot
be paraphrased. Because the same information that the author provided is being used, a paraphrase
is often as long as the original source. Since paraphrases are information from a source, every
sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source even if exact words are not quoted.
Even through a sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source, any exact words from
the source must be in quotation marks. Failing to use quotation marks on exact words is plagiarism
even if the sentence give credit to the source.
Proper notetaking while doing research will help avoid plagiarism. Notes should include quotation
marks around any exact words taken from sources.
Another problem students may have with paraphrasing is that the language used in the paraphrase
should be an accurate accounting of the source's ideas. Good paraphrasing doesn't just capture the
ideas of the source. They don't include your own opinions or omit important information. Just like in
a quotation, be sure to either introduce the source at the beginning of your paraphrase or cite the
source at the end of the sentence so that the reader knows these are not your ideas, but ideas from
your
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6. Ethical Referencing Paper
1.9 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Ethical aspects of the applied research will be attended to by implementing the following measures:
Firstly, respondents which have participated in the surveys voluntarily and have been fully informed
about the aims and objectives of this research.
Secondly, texts belonging to external authors that will be used in any part of this research have been
fully referenced with the Harvard Referencing System.
Thirdly, the questionnaires used do not include any degrading, discriminating or any other
unacceptable language that could be offensive to any members of the sample organization.
Fourthly, the questionnaires have been designed to collect information directly related to the
research questions, and no private...show more content...
Fourthly, research participants have been debriefed about the aims and objectives of the research
before the primary data collection process.
Fifth, the works that do not belong to the author of this paper have been acknowledged using the
Harvard Referencing System in an appropriate format.
The following Code of Ethics is adhered to in throughout the process of conduction of the present
research:
Firstly, the participation in surveys and in–depth interviews are voluntary.
Secondly, falsification, fabrication and misinterpretation of data avoided.
Thirdly, the work conducted by other researchers and authors used in research are referenced using
Harvard Referencing System.
According to Bryman and Bell (in 2007) the following ten principles of ethical considerations have
been compiled as a result of analyzing the ethical guidelines of nine professional social sciences
research associations:
Research participants should not be subjected to harm in any ways whatsoever.
Respect for the dignity of research participants should be prioritized.
Full consent should be obtained from the participants prior to the applied
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7. Harvard Referencing Guide
Harvard System Referencing Guide
1. INTRODUCTION
This guide sets out the Harvard system of referencing to be used in the Thesis and other major
essays submitted as part of the course taught through out the MBA program. It is important to
reference published material that you wish to use in your essay. While referencing is a standard that
is used to avoid plagiarism it also supports a strong scientific method.
To build arguments and provide evidence you mustreference any published resources you use. The
spirit of referencing is embodied in Newton's famous 1676 quote, 'If I have seen further it is by
standing on the shoulders of giants'. It means that Newton's great discoveries were made by building
on the previous work of...show more content...
An individualizing focus may result in undermining 'the capacity for communal action and alienate
the organizational members from the activities that they are required to undertake' (Broadbent, et al.,
1999: 358).
Reference List
Broadbent, J. Jacobs, K. and Laughlin, R. (1999) 'Comparing schools in the U.K. and New Zealand:
Individualizing and socializing accountabilities and some implications for management control'.
Management Accounting Research, 10: 339–361.
5. INTERNET SITES
The variability of internet site quality is problematic for referencing in academic essays. However,
access to annual company reports, press releases, and daily news services provide ample reasons to
utilize the internet in essays. Journal articles obtained over the internet should use the standard
journal format unless the journal is solely in electronic format (see below).
In–Text
Wiegran and Koth's (1999) article on successful online commerce focuses on customer loyalty,
increasing purchases, and higher margin products. They propose five website features to achieve
successful online commerce; Value added information, personalization, intelligent communication,
user generated content, and loyalty incentives (Wiegran and Koth, 1999). Since 1991, the price of
oil has reached its highest in February 2000 and this rise is due to OPEC restrictions on oil
production (BBC, 2000).
Reference List
8. BBC, (2000, February 19) 'Oil reaches $30 a barrel'. (BBC News),
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9. Unit 424 Referencing For Research Paper
424 – Task 1.1 Introduction Referencing is when you acknowledge materials used while
researching, including books; papers; websites and other published or unpublished materials.
References are used to acknowledge the parts of your work that are based on information from
other outside sources and have been written by someone else not by yourself. References are a
way to acknowledge the other authors and give them accreditation. If you fail to use references,
what you have written would be classed as plagiarism and will be discredited. When to use
referencing Referencing should be used whenever quotations of an original text is used or you refer
to quotations and paraphrase any content that has been written by someone else. References could
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10. Citation and Harvard Referencing Format
TOPIC : ________________________________ 1.0 INTRODUCTION What's Known? Not
known? What's new? Thesis Statement :
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ 2.0 BODY PARAGRAPH:
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ 2.1 supporting details, statistics,
concrete examples (eg. names of places/buildings/events, etc.)? 2.2 2.3 Concluding sentence :
Therefore, __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________...show more content...
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's
library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List.
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's
library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List.
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing
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11. Hertfordshire Business School Guide to Harvard Referencing
This guide has been produced by the ASU in response to questions from Hertfordshire Business
School (HBS) students about the important subject of accurate referencing. It is essential for you to
reference your work thoroughly because what you write for HBS must be 'evidenced ' – your
discussion and arguments should consist mainly of academic theory and 'expert ' practitioner
experience. These two main sources (theory and practice) MUST be referenced throughout your
writing. Readers must be able to see which words are your own words and any original ideas, and
what sources you have used as evidence to back up your assertions. Good referencing is
ESSENTIAL because:
1) Your...show more content...
If you decide to include the exact words of another author, you must enclose their words with
quotation marks and include the page number in–text, e.g. Schutte (1999:298) asserts "westerners
regarded the Japanese as workaholics". See example 48 on page 14 for examples.
Final list of References: Consistent punctuation and spacing are necessary in the References.
Some general rules apply: * Author or authors' names: * Use only the initials of the author or
authors ' given names. * No full stops are used between initials. * Generational titles, i.e. Junior,
Senior or roman numerals are only included in the References list, e.g. Smith, J., Jr. (2009) ...
Academic prefixes, i.e. Dr. are omitted from the reference. * Titles of works: * Only capitalise
content words for the titles of books, book chapters and journal articles. * In the titles of journals,
magazines and newspapers, capital letters should be used as they appear normally. * Use italics
for the titles of books, journals, and newspapers. * Enclose titles of book chapters and journal
articles in inverted commas (single quotation marks). * Page numbering: * Books: page numbers
are not usually needed in the final list of References. * Journals: page numbers appear as the final
item of the citation, followed by a full stop. In the Reference list, use the abbreviation p. for one
page, and pp. for a page range, e.g.
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12. Examples Of Discursive Essay
Discursive Essay Basics
Paragraph 1: Introduction
Introduce the topic. Give some background about the situation in your country/area. Then mention
the possible reasons for the situation.
Crime is one of the most important issues ...
In the last few years, crime has been going up/down.
The most common crimes are ...
The most worrying trend is the increase in ...
One of the reasons for this is possibly the fact that unemployment has risen ...
Another reason is that...
Note: if you are 'for' something, put the arguments 'against' first. If you are 'against' something, put
the arguments 'for' first.
Paragraph 2: A list of arguments 'for7
Express the attitudes and reasons to support this point of view. Provide examples and facts where
possible. (see Style below)...show more content...
Provide examples and facts where possible. (see Style below)
Paragraph 4: Conclusion
Finally, give your own personal opinion about the topic.
In my opinion. ... /All things considered. I believe that...
Style
In a discursive essay it is important to list the points of view of both sides of an argument as
objectively as possible. Only in the conclusion can you express your own point of view. Notice the
use of report structures (e.g. feel that), passives and formal linkers (e.g. moreover, furthermore) in
the sentences below.
Listing arguments:
Many people feel that harder sentences should be brought back.
The American system of 'three strikes and out' has supporters in Britain.
Moreover, some people say that conditions in prisons are too soft.
There are arguments for the restoration of the death penalty.
The wishes of victims' family and friends possibly need to be taken into account.
There are arguments against harder sentences and capital punishment
One of the arguments against longer prison sentence is that the prisons are already full.
Other people disagree and think that prisons should reform
14. Referencing Resilience
Your statement referencing resilience as how an individual bounce back from a bad situation is
accurate. Individuals who do not have the qualities of resilience can learn these qualities. By
having a positive outlook can overcome depression. Accepting and giving kindness will make you
feel good about yourself and brings you happiness. Happiness overcomes sadness and builds
self–confidence which is very important in building resilience. When an individual feels better about
themselves, they develop confidence. A confident individual will be open to accepting help which
will lead to open
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15. Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS
When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror like image of yourself. This is
to define your own perception of the good and bad quality within yourself. Taking action of the
weaknesses and developing my skills to improve myself around everyone, (Stadter, 2015).
Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step
by step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a
university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a
good grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what I
first thought, having a writer 's...show more content...
Implementing Dewey 's theory in to my assignment, assisting my understanding on how to support
ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the author
/publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When previously
writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the mistakes,
understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival 2006). While
referencing is a struggle for me to use, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that overcoming referencing can
be done by reading different books, journals and articles of interest.
After analyzing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance in producing
assignments. I need to start believing in myself a lot more and be more inspired, as Percival, (2006)
has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing time–bound goals and
starting the assignment rather than thinking about the end product. Percival (2006),has also stated
putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an advantage to our mindset.
Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be perfected as time goes on, mending
the structure to the standard required till the
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16. Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS
When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror–like image of yourself. This is
to define your own perception of the acceptable and poor quality within yourself. Taking action of
the weaknesses and developing my skills to improve me around everyone, (Stadter, 2015). Gibbs
Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step by
step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a
university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a
strong grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what
I first thought, having...show more content...
"Experience–reflection–knowledge" Pawar and Anscombe, (2015), has mentioned Dewey (1933) is a
great example of how planning ahead is a step towards better success rather than dwelling on the past
problems. Implementing Dewey 's theory into my assignment, assisting my understanding of how to
support ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the
author/publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When
previously writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the
mistakes, understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival
2006). While referencing is a struggle for me to apply, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that
overcoming referencing can be done by reading different books, journals, and articles of interest.
Subsequently, after analysing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance
in producing assignments. I need to start believing in myself much more and be more inspired, as
Percival, (2006) has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing
time–bound goals and starting the assignment rather than thinking about the purpose. Percival
(2006), has also said putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an
advantage to our mindset. Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be
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18. Introduction Referencing is one of the most important aspects of any academic literature in the
modern day scenario. It is the main way through which someone acknowledges the fact that they
have borrowed the ideas of someone else, and have used their work for citation ion their work.
There are several different kinds of referencing system among which the Harvard referencing
style is one of the most popular. The different aspects of the Harvard style along with the main
methods through which the style is implemented have been detailed and discussed. Herein, this
study is about the Harvard referencing style and detailing the actual point of referencing in the
first place. The Actual Point of Referencing Referencing is extremely important while compiling
an academic file, as it is the main method of showing acknowledgement to the authors of the work
which has been used for ideas in the said academic literature. A failure in this regard leads to
people developing the misconception that the author has cheated or plagiarised someone else's
work and is now claiming it as their own. Any kind of plagiarism is considered to be a serious
offence, especially in the academic circles. Being accused of the malpractice of plagiarism is one
of the worst hits that the reputation of a researcher can ever receive. Indeed, it is significantly
difficult to recover a proper reputation once accusations of this kind are made towards someone. For
students, being accused of the
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19. When We Are Referencing Organization
When we are referencing organization there are two concepts that standout which influence the
direction and health of the people of the company and these are Trust and Leadership. It seems trust
is something that is lacking when it comes to dealing with many corporate leadership these days.
According to Robbins & Judge in Chapter 13 the definition of Trust is "Trust is a positive
expectation that another will not–through words, actions, or decisions–act opportunislically"
(Robbins & Judge 2009, p 423). The key word would be "opportunislically", there are many different
types of leaders those that are genuinely looking out for the business so it becomes successful and in
turn create an environment of trust among the employees and in the industry. Then there are those
who ultimately have a self–interest at the cost of people livelihood. Trust In my company the later
seems to be very provilant as it is evident with the job dis–satisfaction. We have a CEO that seems to
be only interested in how much money can be squeezed out of the company, thus the eleventh
worst companies to work for. It seemed his goal was to make the company look profitable at the
expense of it's employees so it looks like a good investment to the buyer. This is done by not
giving raises while the CEO take the profits or demanding everyone take time off at a specific time.
If you don't have any vacation time left then you will take it without pay. Then break up the
company and sell it which really
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20. Referencing For Plagiarism
Referencing is an essential part of academic writing as it provides authors with credit for their
ideas. Referencing is a requirement of academic writing, which when done correctly, will
acknowledge the contribution of words or an idea (Grellier & Goerke, 2014, p, 68) into the piece of
writing which is being created. However, failure to reference will incur instances of plagiarism.
Grellier and Goerke (2014) state that individual institutions will have a policy on plagiarism and
will treat it very seriously (p. 68). Penalties may apply and stringent testing for plagiarism will be in
place. Therefore, it is imperative that individuals become familiar with correct referencing practices
and apply them appropriately. It is critical to understand
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21. Plagiarism Essay Examples
Taking someone's words and using them without a proper citation is a problem. Without being
taught the correct way, this problem is not going to correct itself and will continue to become a
bigger problem. There are major consequences for plagiarising, but these can be avoided with a
simple citation. Tying together the definition ofplagiarism, reasons for using documentation, and an
explanation of MLA 8 and APA citations will all be brought together. Learning what kind ofcitation,
and what needs a citation is a very important concept in becoming a successful writer. Citing a source
correctly will save you time and problems.
There are many different definitions of the word plagiarism. Merriam–Webster's dictionary
definition, also...show more content...
These students were taught a life lesson, something that they will never do again. Being taught,
the correct way, at a young age will solve many of the problems that we have today. Becoming
aware of the consequences that this could lead to would be worth the extra time citing a
document, or writing your own paper. Taking someone's words or writing could lead to loss of job
/school, fines, and so much more. To avoid these problems, a simple citation will help anyone
become aware that you did give credit to the author. Jim Carnett published an article in the Los
Angeles Times stating that he had tried to submit a column to an editor but they sent it back because
it contained plagiarised material. Carnett said, "I lifted a portion of one of my columns and inserted
it in the Daily Pilot piece without attribution." He hadn't cited his own work and now what he did
was plagiarism. To Carnett, this was a total accident, but this shows that you should cite any
information that you use. Although there are arguments that there is no such thing as plagiarism, "If
a novelist uses a non–fiction book for research, how is that stealing? Non–fiction promises facts,
there is no copyright in facts, ergo no stealing..." (Independent.co.uk) it is always best to give credit
to the source that you received the information from; thus not having a chance of plagiarism.
Having a correct citation for a source is very
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