Global Tourism Geography

Geography ?
• Physical features of the earth
• Atmosphere
• Distribution of population (spatial patterns)
• Interrelationship between human beings and
the habitat
• Socio-cultural , economic & environmental
impacts & inter-relationships
2
Preji M P, Assistant Professor, Tagore Govt.
Arts & Science College, Puducherry

Tourism Geography
• Tourism geography is the study of
– travel and tourism, as an industry &
– as a social and cultural activity.
• Tourism is essentially a geographical
phenomenon,
– regarding the transfer of people and services
through space and time.
3

Tourism & Geography
• Basically, tourism depends much more on the
geographical phenomenon than any other
subject
• Movement of people from their normal place
of residence (spatial movements)
– to visit/ realize the ‘destination experiences’
– Motivating factors ‘
• wanderlust (known with the unknown/ familiar with
the unfamiliar)
• sun-lust (desire for unique experience elsewhere)
4

Dimensions of Travel Geography
Travel
Geography
Physical
Geography
Cultural
Geography
Human
Geography
5

Physical/Cultural/Human Geography
• As such, tourism geography concentrates on
studying the ‘various geographical aspects’ like
the
• tourist resources (natural or man-made),
• the tourism infrastructure
–(transportation (tram trains of Kolkatha)
–Accommodation (Heritage hotels, home stays)
• the types and forms of tourism, the tourist
circulation (statistical research) (inbound, outbound,
domestic, excursion)
• tourist markets, as well as other domains. (Europe,
North America, South Asia, South-east Asia )
6

7

Physical Geography & Tourism
resources (Niagara water falls)
Niagara Falls consists of two waterfalls on the Niagara River, which marks the
border between New York and Ontario, Canada: the American Falls, located on
the American side of the border, and the Canadian or Horseshoe Falls located
on the Canadian side
8

Physical Geography & Tourism
resources
The Kurinji flower is native of South India, growing in the western Ghats at
the shola region across Munnar, Kodaikanal,Anamalai and Nilgris
9

Physical Geography Foot prints (Man-
made)
10

Statue of Liberty (Physical Geography Foot
prints (Man-made)
• The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical
sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor
within New York City, in the United States.
• Origins of the Statue of Liberty
Around 1865, as the American Civil War drew to
a close, the French historian Edouard de
Laboulaye proposed that France create
a statue to give to the United States in
celebration of that nation's (USA’s) success in
building a viable democracy
A complex mix of history, politics, socio cultural relations and a standing iconic
sculpture representing the French –US relations 11

12

Aranmula Mirror
• Aranmula kannadi, meaning the Aranmula mirror,
is a handmade metal-alloy mirror, made
in Aranmula, a small town
in Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India.
• Unlike the normal "silvered" glass mirrors, it is
a metal-alloy mirror or first surface mirror or
front surface reflection mirror,
– which eliminates secondary reflections and
aberrations typical of back surface mirrors.
• The exact metals used in the alloy are maintained
as traditional secret among those families.
13

Aranmula Mirror
The mirrors received a geographical indication (GI) tag in 2004-05.
14

Rasagola (GI tag)
• This mouthwatering culinary delight made of
cottage cheese, loved by Odias across the
world, is offered to Lord Jagannath as part of
bhog since centuries.
• The GI tag for the same product to both the
neighbouring states (Odisha/West
bengal)recognizes the two distinct varieties
of rasagolas in taste and texture.
15

While West Bengal claimed that the idea of this delicacy was conceived by Nobin
Chandra Das (birth 1845) at his Bagbazar residence in Kolkata, Odisha locals cite
that their rasagola dates back to the 12th century when these were being offered
at the Puri Jagannath Temple.
16

Kumbh Mela
• Kumbh Mela or Kumbha Mela is a major
pilgrimage/ conglomeration of the devotees
and festival in Hinduism.
• It is celebrated in a cycle of approximately 12
years at four river-bank pilgrimage sites: the
Allahabad, Haridwar, Nashik, and Ujjain.
17

Kumbh Mela
• The festival is marked by a ritual dip in the
waters, but it is also a celebration of community
commerce with numerous fairs, education,
religious discourses by saints, mass feedings of
monks or the poor, and entertainment spectacle.
• The seekers believe that bathing in these rivers is
a means to prāyaścitta (reparation) for past
mistakes, and that it cleanses them of their sin.
Physical Geography / Cultural Geography/ Human Geography
18

19

Tomato festival, Spain
• La Tomatina is a festival that is held in the East of
Spain 30 kilometres from the Mediterranean, in
which participants throw tomatoes and get
involved in a tomato fight purely for
entertainment purposes.
• La Tomatina Festival happens annually during the
last wednesday of August and Every year some
40,000 people descend on the tiny spanish town
of Buñol for one day to pelt each other with
tomatoes.
20

21

Sentinel Island (spatial patterns)
• The Sentinelese, also known as
the Sentineli and the North Sentinel Islanders,
are an indigenous people who inhabit North
Sentinel Island in the Bay of Bengal in India.
• Designated a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal
Group and a Scheduled Tribe, they belong to
the broader class of Andamanese people.
22

• Along with the Great Andamanese, the Jarawas,
the Onge, the Shompen, and the Nicobarese, the
Sentinelese are one of the six native and often
reclusive people (isolated) of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.
• Unlike the others, the Sentinelese appear to have
consistently refused any interaction with the
outside world. They are hostile to outsiders and
have killed people who approached or landed on
the island.
23

24

Interplays/
interconnections/mutually
inclusiveness of Physical
Geography/ Cultural Geography/
Human Geography
25

Thank you !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
26

Seasonality & Tourism
• The climate of the destinations is one of the
most important factors to outline the travel
plans to the destination.
• The seasonal variations results in the
‘formation of tourism resources’
28

29

Climate & Tourism Geography
• The vast geographic scale and “diverse
topography” that brings a wide range of
‘climatic/weather conditions’
– which vary greatly from region to region, and
sometimes even from day to night, as experienced in
the various places across the world.
(Definition of Topography)
– Physical features that make up the topography of an
area include mountains, valleys, plains, and bodies of
water. It can be defined as the study of the land and
water features of an area.
30

The Unique Beach of Chandipur &
topography
 The Chandipur, is a beach in Baleswar
District, Odisha, India and the beach is
unique in a way that the water recedes up to
5 kilometers and return back in the evening
to their “home”.
 The reason behind this is the unique
topography of the sea bed, which aids the
flow of water inwards during low tide and
vice versa during the high tide.
31

topography
32

topography
 This magical phenomenon is one of its kind in
India and very few places in the world boast of
such an occurrence.
 Due to the difference in water level across the vast
sea bed, one can witness varying colors of blue
making it look like a painter’s canvas obsessed with
the colour “blue”
 Experience of standing in the middle of the
ocean, literally, is unparalleled.
33

topography
34

The case study of the city of
Utqiagvik (Alaska, USA)
• Hyperlinkbarrow , alaska, USA.pdf
35

Previously known as Barrow, the city
of Utqiagvik (Alaska, USA)
36

Oymyakon, Russia
• Oymyakon is a rural locality in Oymyakonsky
District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located
along the Indigirka River, 30 kilometers
northwest of Tomtor on the Kolyma Highway.
• It is the coldest permanently inhabited
settlement on Earth
37

Life & food habits@ Oymyakon, Russia
• Because the ground is too cold to grow
vegetables, people in Oymyakon rely on
animal husbandry or municipal work, such as
at the heating plants in town seen below, for
income.
• This work also informs their eating habits.
Much of what they eat is frozen raw fish, like
salmon or whitefish, and even horse liver.
38

Oymyakon, Russia
39

Oymyakon, Russia
40

Seasonality in tourism demand
• Tourism trips of Europeans, which provides
recent statistics on tourism demand in
the European Union (EU) and EFTA countries.
• The article focuses on the seasonal pattern of
tourism demand in the European Union (EU):
– trips made by EU residents and the number
of nights spent on those trips (data on same-day
visits is not available).
41

Demand analysis/prediction &
seasonal character in Tourism
• Tourism demand includes
– all trips made by a given population during different
period in a year
– Night stay
– Spending patterns
– Size of the travellers group
– Most frequented priods/ months in a given year
42

Seasonality in tourism demand
43

Seasonality & tourism
Findings (from the quoted research paper)
• Nearly one in four trips of EU residents made in July and
August
• Long trips: the seasonal pattern more pronounced than for
short trips
• Summer and Christmas peaks more significant for domestic
trips
• Business trips partly compensate for the weakest periods of
personal trips
• Europeans spent one third of their tourism nights in July or
August
• More than one in four tourism nights in May and September
were spent by older people aged 65 or more
• Participation of children were more during the vacation / declared
holidays
44

The Physical Geography of the World
45

The political map of the world
46

The Best time to visit the world
nations
1. Nordic
(Norway, Iceland, Sweden, Finland, Denmark
including Greenland & Faroe Islands)
– October-March: Northern Lights visible in some
parts of Nordic
– June-August: Good for summer activities and
cruising the Arctic
47

2. Europe & Russia
• (Greece, Croatia, Malta, Italy, Portugal, Spain, France,
United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg,
Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary,
Romania, Poland, Albania, Russia, Ukraine, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia & Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Macedonia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus,
Moldova)
– April-June: Pleasant spring temperature
– September-October: Cool temperature and autumn colours
– May-September: Best for sightseeing and hiking in the
Alps
– December-March: For ski enthusiasts
– Late November-December: If you love Christmas markets
48

3. Central Asia & Caucasus
• (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan, Afghanistan including Chinese
Xinjiang)
– April-June/September-October: Neither too hot
nor too cold (except Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan)
– June-September: Sightseeing and hiking in the
mountains; best time to visit Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan
49

4. East Asia
• (China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Mongolia
including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau)
– March-May: Pleasant spring and cherry blossom seasons
– September-October: Cool autumn with burst of colours
– October-March: Best time to visit Taiwan, Hong Kong and
Macau to avoid the monsoon season
– June-September: The only time Mongolia is warm enough
to visit
– December-February: For skiing or visiting Hokkaido and
Harbin
50

5. South East Asia
• (Area 1: Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos,
Vietnam, Philippines)
(Area 2: Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia,
East Timor)
– November-February: Dry and cool weather in
Area 1 + Malaysian West Coast (Langkawi,
Penang, Pangkor) + Eastern Indonesia
(Maluku, Papua).
– June-September: Dry season in Area 2, except
Malaysian West Coast and Eastern Indonesia.Preji M P, Assistant Professor, Tagore Govt.
51

6. Oceania
• (Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands,
Vanuatu, Samoa, Kiribati, Tonga, Federated States of Micronesia,
Palau, Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, Nauru)
– September-March: Dry summer in New Zealand
– March-April/September-November: Mild temperature in
Australia
– May-August: Exception for some parts of Northern and Western
Australia, where the temperature is much cooler than usual
(Uluru and Kakadu) or the tidal current is gentler (Greet Barrier
Reef)
– June-September: Dry, sunny days in Papua New Guinea and the
South Pacific Islands
– October-December: For red crab migration in Christmas Islands
52

7. South Asia
• (India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh
including Tibet)
– December-February: Dry and cool for sightseeing in most places
– February-March/June-August: Exception for dry season in
Northern and Eastern part of Sri Lanka (e.g. the Cultural
Triangle)
– March-April/October-November: Best time for trekking the
Himalayas in Bhutan and Nepal
– May-October: Best time to visit the mountains of Tibet, Northern
Pakistan and Northern India (although July-September may get a
little rainy in some parts of Northern India
53

8. Middle East & North Africa
• (Area 1: Iran, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Syria,
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia including Palestinian Territories)
(Area 2: Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE,
Oman, Yemen)
(Area 3: Mali, Sudan, Chad, Mauritania, Djibouti, Niger, Somalia)
– November-February: Weather is not as hot as usual (Area 2) and
it’s the best time to hit the desert (overall)
– December-January: Due to extreme desert temperature and
possible sandstorm, the window period to visit Area 3 is even
shorter
– March-May/October-November: Exceptions for Area 1 where
you may want to dip into a warmer Mediterranean shores or
some areas (e.g. Northern Iran/Eastern Turkey) where winter can
get really cold
54

9. Southern & East Africa
• (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, Madagascar,
Angola, Swaziland, Lesotho, Mozambique, Malawi, Congo, DRC, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,
Gabon, Mauritius, Seychelles, Comoros including Zanzibar and Réunion Island)
– June-September: Dry winter season means wildlife can be spotted more easily and rain-
free beaches
– March-May/October-November: Exception for chimpanzee trekking activities, which
can be spotted more easily during the rainier times
– June-November: For whale-watching in South Africa
– October-December/March-April: Exception for Lesotho and South Africa’s Garden
Route, which is less rainy during this period
– March-May: Exception if you would like to see Victoria Falls in its maximum glory
– November-March: Rainy green season gives way to lush African landscape, arrival of
migratory birds and young baby animals with less crowd
– October-May: Exception for Ethiopia where cultural attractions take priority over
wildlife
– November-December: If Ethiopia’s Danakil Depression is a draw
55

10. West Africa
• (Nigeria, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Sierra
Leonne, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ghana, Côte
d’Ivoire, Gambia, Cameroon, Central African
Republic, Benin, Togo, Liberia, Cape Verde,
São Tomé and Príncipe)
– November-February: Dry weather gives way to
less muddy road when commuting in this part of
the world; some of the more arid areas are also
more pleasant with cooler temperature
56

11. North America
• (Canada, United States including Alaska and Hawaii)
– May-October: National Park activities are in full swing
– June-August: For cruising and activities in Alaska
– May-June/September-October: For cities or general
sightseeing outside the National Parks (including
Hawaii), spring and autumn is neither too hot nor cold
– November-January: For surfers, this is the best time to
visit Hawaii
– November-May: If whale-watching is a draw in
Hawaii
57

12. Central America & Caribbean
• (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Panama,
Honduras, Costa Rica, Belize, Cuba, Barbados,
Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, Haiti,
Bahamas, Saint Lucia, Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis including oversea territories of US,
UK, France and Netherlands)
– December-April: Less rain and chance of hurricanes
58

13. Andean
• (Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay)
– June-September: Weather is cool and dry in most
places
– December-March: Exception for Colombia and
Venezuela, which climate is more comparable to
Central America
– July-August: Rainy in Venezuela, but good for more
voluminous Angel Falls
– December-May: May be rainy in Galapagos Islands,
but the waters is warmer and calmer so more suitable
for marine wildlife sighting
59

14. Brazil & Guianas
• (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname including French
Guiana)
• July-October: Generally less rain in most
places
• January-June: Except Brazil’s northeastern
coast cities
60

15. Southern Cone
• (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay)
– November-March: Pleasant, dry summer
61

16. Antarctica
• (including Antarctica and Falkland Islands)
• December-February: The only time the frozen
continent is accessible
62

63

Tourism Geography & World
Nations

The political map of the world
65

66

The Best time to visit the world
nations
1. Nordic
(Norway, Iceland, Sweden, Finland, Denmark
including Greenland & Faroe Islands)
– October-March: Northern Lights visible in some
parts of Nordic
– June-August: Good for summer activities and
cruising the Arctic
67

Nordic
68

2. Europe & Russia
• (Greece, Croatia, Malta, Italy, Portugal, Spain, France,
United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg,
Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary,
Romania, Poland, Albania, Russia, Ukraine, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia & Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Macedonia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus,
Moldova)
– April-June: Pleasant spring temperature
– September-October: Cool temperature and autumn colours
– May-September: Best for sightseeing and hiking in the
Alps
– December-March: For ski enthusiasts
– Late November-December: If you love Christmas markets
69

Europe & Russia
70

3. Central Asia
• (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan, Afghanistan including Chinese
Xinjiang)
– April-June/September-October: Neither too hot
nor too cold (except Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan)
– June-September: Sightseeing and hiking in the
mountains; best time to visit Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan
71

Central Asia
72

4. East Asia
• (China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Mongolia
including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau)
– March-May: Pleasant spring and cherry blossom seasons
– September-October: Cool autumn with burst of colours
– October-March: Best time to visit Taiwan, Hong Kong and
Macau to avoid the monsoon season
– June-September: The only time Mongolia is warm enough
to visit
– December-February: For skiing or visiting Hokkaido
(japan) and Harbin (China)
73

East Asia
74

5. South East Asia
• (Area 1: Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos,
Vietnam, Philippines)
(Area 2: Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia,
East Timor)
– November-February: Dry and cool weather in
Area 1 + Malaysian West Coast (Langkawi,
Penang, Pangkor) + Eastern Indonesia
(Maluku, Papua).
– June-September: Dry season in Area 2, except
Malaysian West Coast and Eastern Indonesia.Preji M P, Assistant Professor, Tagore Govt.
75

South East Asia
76

6. Oceania
• (Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands,
Vanuatu, Samoa, Kiribati, Tonga, Federated States of Micronesia,
Palau, Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, Nauru)
– September-March: Dry summer in New Zealand
– March-April/September-November: Mild temperature in
Australia
– May-August: Exception for some parts of Northern and Western
Australia, where the temperature is much cooler than usual
(Uluru and Kakadu) or the tidal current is gentler (Greet Barrier
Reef)
– June-September: Dry, sunny days in Papua New Guinea and the
South Pacific Islands
– October-December: For red crab migration in Christmas Islands
77

Oceania
78

7. South Asia
• (India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh
including Tibet)
– December-February: Dry and cool for sightseeing in most places
– February-March/June-August: Exception for dry season in
Northern and Eastern part of Sri Lanka (e.g. the Cultural
Triangle)
– March-April/October-November: Best time for trekking the
Himalayas in Bhutan and Nepal
– May-October: Best time to visit the mountains of Tibet, Northern
Pakistan and Northern India (although July-September may get a
little rainy in some parts of Northern India
79

8. Middle East & North Africa
• (Area 1: Iran, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Syria,
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia including Palestinian Territories)
(Area 2: Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE,
Oman, Yemen)
(Area 3: Mali, Sudan, Chad, Mauritania, Djibouti, Niger, Somalia)
– November-February: Weather is not as hot as usual (Area 2) and
it’s the best time to hit the desert (overall)
– December-January: Due to extreme desert temperature and
possible sandstorm, the window period to visit Area 3 is even
shorter
– March-May/October-November: Exceptions for Area 1 where
you may want to dip into a warmer Mediterranean shores or
some areas (e.g. Northern Iran/Eastern Turkey) where winter can
get really cold
80

Middle East & North Africa
81

9. Southern & East Africa
• (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, Madagascar,
Angola, Swaziland, Lesotho, Mozambique, Malawi, Congo, DRC, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,
Gabon, Mauritius, Seychelles, Comoros including Zanzibar and Réunion Island)
– June-September: Dry winter season means wildlife can be spotted more easily and rain-
free beaches
– March-May/October-November: Exception for chimpanzee trekking activities, which
can be spotted more easily during the rainier times
– June-November: For whale-watching in South Africa
– October-December/March-April: Exception for Lesotho and South Africa’s Garden
Route, which is less rainy during this period
– March-May: Exception if you would like to see Victoria Falls in its maximum glory
– November-March: Rainy green season gives way to lush African landscape, arrival of
migratory birds and young baby animals with less crowd
– October-May: Exception for Ethiopia where cultural attractions take priority over
wildlife
– November-December: If Ethiopia’s Danakil Depression is a draw
82

Southern & East Africa
83

10. West Africa
• (Nigeria, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Sierra
Leonne, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ghana, Côte
d’Ivoire, Gambia, Cameroon, Central African
Republic, Benin, Togo, Liberia, Cape Verde,
São Tomé and Príncipe)
– November-February: Dry weather gives way to
less muddy road when commuting in this part of
the world; some of the more arid areas are also
more pleasant with cooler temperature
84

West Africa
85

North America
• (Canada, United States including Alaska and Hawaii)
– May-October: National Park activities are in full swing
– June-August: For cruising and activities in Alaska
– May-June/September-October: For cities or general
sightseeing outside the National Parks (including
Hawaii), spring and autumn is neither too hot nor cold
– November-January: For surfers, this is the best time to
visit Hawaii
– November-May: If whale-watching is a draw in
Hawaii
87

North America
88

Quebec, Canada
89

Quebec, Canada
• Quebec City, despite its proximity to the U.S.
and confederation with Anglophone Canada,
is in many ways more authentically French
than France.
– Cultural Identity
– French relations
– Approach towards environment, climate change
90

Montreal, Canada
• ICAO (International Civil Aviation Association) ,
headquarters is in Montreal, Canada
– Native speakers are of French origin
– Cultural Identity (same as that of Quebec)
91

Exercise-I
• Canada
– Capital
– Currency
– Latitude
– Longitude
– Time Zones
– Languages Spoken
– Major Tourism attractions
92

The USA
• The U.S. is a country of 50 states covering a vast
swath of North America, with Alaska in the
northwest and Hawaii extending the nation’s
presence into the Pacific Ocean.
• Major Atlantic Coast cities are
– New York, a global finance and culture center, and
capital Washington, DC.
– Midwestern metropolis Chicago is known for
influential architecture and on the west coast,
– Los Angeles' Hollywood is famed for filmmaking
93

The USA
94

The USA
• Yellowstone National Park is an
American national park located in the western
United States,
• It was established by the U.S. Congress in 1872
• Yellowstone was the first national park in the
U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national
park in the world.
• The park is known for its wildlife and its
many geothermal features, especially popular for
mineral springs/ waterfalls
95

Theme parks / Entertainment
96

National parks in the world
97

Exercise-II
• The USA
– Capital
– Currency
– Latitude
– Longitude
– Time Zones
– Languages Spoken
98

Multi Culturalism @ Mexico
99

The Hawaiian Islands
• The Hawaiian Islands are an archipelago of
eight major islands, several atolls
and seamounts in the North Pacific Ocean,
extending some 1,500 miles (2,400
kilometers) from the island of Hawaii in the
south to northernmost Kure Atoll.
100

The Hawaiian Islands
101

12. Central America & Caribbean
• (Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Panama, Honduras,
Costa Rica, Belize, Cuba, Barbados, Dominican
Republic, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, Haiti, Bahamas,
Saint Lucia, Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis including oversea territories of US, UK,
France and Netherlands)
– December-April: Less rain and chance of hurricanes
102

Central America & Caribbean
103

Caribbean islands
104

Exercise -III
• Make a list of Central American & Caribbean
Islands
– Country name
– Capital city
– Major tourism destinations
105

South America
106

South America
– June-September: Weather is cool and dry in most
places
– December-March: Exception for Colombia and
Venezuela, which climate is more comparable to
Central America
– July-August: Rainy in Venezuela, but good for more
voluminous Angel Falls
– December-May: May be rainy in Galapagos Islands,
but the waters is warmer and calmer so more suitable
for marine wildlife sighting
107

South America
• Brazil, Guyana, Suriname including French
Guiana)
• July-October: Generally less rain in most
places
• January-June: Except Brazil’s northeastern
coast cities
• (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay)
– November-March: Pleasant, dry summer
108

Exercise IV
• Make a list of south American countries
– Capitals
– Languages spoken
– Multi culture aspects
109

The Latin American identity
110

The Latin American identity
• to sum up, the heritage of Latin
America blends
– indigenous, European, African, and Asian peoples,
languages, and cultural traditions.
– There is no one Latin America, or Latino or Latin
American culture—rather, it is all these things
111

THANK YOU !!!
112

Global Tourism Geography

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