The figure below is from a study of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluores.pdf

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The figure below is from a study of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, which has two phenotypes called smooth (SM) and wrinkly-spreader (WS). Meyer et al. (2010) measured the fitness of SM individuals in experimental populations consisting of different proportions of SM and SW individuals. The results of the experiment are shown in the figure. What process do these data demonstrate? Homology Directional selection Frequency dependent selection Heterozygote advantage Mutation Solution B) Directional Selection In Directional selection an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes, causing the allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype. So the no of beneficial allele will increase with time. And here same kind of pattern is there in this graph so this is indicating the correct answer is directional selection..

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Briefly describe how the development of steam powered ships transformed naval warfare. Solution Development of steam powered ships And transformation in naval warfare A steamship, often referred to as a steamer, is an ocean faring seaworthy vessel that is propelled by one or more steam engines that typically drive (turn) propellers or paddlewheels. The first steamships came into practical usage during the early 1800s; The first steam engines worked by filling a cylinder with steam, then condensing it to water. The vacuum created drew the piston into the cylinder. These “atmospheric” engines were useful for pumping out mines and other tasks where their weight was not important. They were far too heavy and bulky to use aboard ships, however. James Watts’s improved steam engine drove the piston in the opposite direction—expanding steam, rather than atmospheric pressure on a vacuum was the driving force. Such engines could be made small enough to power a ship. Their earliest use was to turn a pair of huge side wheels. Steam gave navies a great strategic advantage. Steam warships no longer depended on weather and could cross the oceans much faster than sailing ships. “Seizing the weather gauge” (maneuvering into the best location to take advantage of the wind) had long been a favorite tactic of British seamen. It no longer gave any advantage. For that reason, Britain, although it was the home of the first steam engines and it utterly depended on its navy for its primacy in world affairs, tried to retard the development of steam-powered ships. British naval personnel were the most skilled in the world; British shipyards devoted to building sailing men-of-war were the biggest in the world; British technology in preserving food for long journeys, manufacturing the heavy, short-range cannons, called carronades, and everything else needed for wooden, sail- driven warships, led the world. If the world’s navies went to steam, all of that would be worthless. In 1828, the British admiralty expressed their views on steam-powered warships: Their lordships feel it is their bounden duty to discourage to the utmost of their ability the employment of steam vessels, as they consider that the introduction of steam is calculated to strike a fatal blow at the naval supremacy of the Empire. Steamships. In his classic study, Sea Power in the Machine Age, Bernard Brodie observed that navies were relatively late in utilization of the technological advances of the machine age. Progress in steampower development was followed closely by the various admiralties—Great Britain, France, and the United States being most active. During the nineteenth century, the steam warship was by far the most important of the great naval revolutions, the most significant such innovation in warships since the fifteenth century. Steampower completely revised naval tactics and strategy; now ships could go anywhere, any time. During a transition period at midcentury, the largest warships retaine.

Briefly describe how the development of steam powered ships transfor.pdf

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A) compare three signs of schizophrenia with three signs of depression. B) explain how antipsychotic drugs at to reduce signs of mental illness. A) compare three signs of schizophrenia with three signs of depression. B) explain how antipsychotic drugs at to reduce signs of mental illness. A) compare three signs of schizophrenia with three signs of depression. B) explain how antipsychotic drugs at to reduce signs of mental illness. Solution · Ans A) Signs of schizophrenia with three signs of depression. 1. ICD–10 :Differentiating schizophrenia with clinically significant depressive symptoms from schizoaffective disorder is not always easy. Clearly, the exact dividing line between the two conditions is a conceptual one. Operationalized criteria such as ICD–10 allow us to make such a differentiation on a day-to-day basis is given below and will dictate treatment options to an extent. Box 1. ICD–10 diagnostic guidelines for post-schizophrenic depression The patient has met general criteria for schizophrenia within past 12 months Some schizophrenic symptoms are still present, but no longer dominate the clinical picture (symptoms may be ‘positive’ or ‘negative’, though the latter are more common) The depressive symptoms are prominent and distressing, fulfilling at least the criteria for a depressive episode, and have been present for at least two weeks (they are rarely sufficiently severe or extensive to meet criteria for a severe depressive episode) Box 2. ICD–10 diagnostic guidelines for schizoaffective disorder – depressed type Both definite schizophrenic and definite affective symptoms are prominent simultaneously, or within a few days of each other, within the same episode of illness As a consequence of this, the episode of illness does not meet criteria for either schizophrenia or for a depressive or manic episode There must be prominent depression accompanied by at least two characteristic depressive symptoms or associated behavioural abnormalities as for a depressive episode At least one and preferably two typically schizophrenic symptoms, as specified for schizophrenia, must be present 2. Adjustment reactions: Schizophrenia carries a heavy psychological burden and it is not surprising that disappointment reactions to life\'s vicissitudes occur commonly. Acute reactions, lasting less than two weeks, are self-limiting and require supportive treatment or manipulation of the environment only. Often, a clear precipitating cause can be identified. There are some patients who can be characterised as suffering from a demoralization syndrome or a chronic disappointment reaction. Differentiating such a syndrome from depression is not always easy. It is characterised by hopelessness and helplessness, with a lack of confidence and feelings of incompetence. Clearly, a reactive process cannot explain the majority of cases of depression in schizophrenia. If such a process, dependent to an extent on the return of insight, is at work, then depressive sympt.

A) compare three signs of schizophrenia with three signs of depr.pdf

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According to Mendelian genetics, a recessive trait will appear in an offspring if and only if both parents contribute a recessive gene. If each parent has a dominant and a recessive gene, then the probability that their offspring will display the recessive trait is 1/4. The following questions assume a population of offspring bred from parents with one dominant and one recessive gene for each of the two traits considered. A certain strain of tomato is either tall (dominant trait) or dwarf (recessive trait). The same strain has either cut leaves (dominant trait) or potato leaves (recessive trait). Let E_1 denote tall cut-leaf offspring, let E_2 denote tall potato-leaf offspring, let E_3 denote dwarf cut-leaf offspring, and let E_4 denote dwarf potato-leaf offspring. Assuming that the traits are independent, compute the probability of each E_j. In 1931, J. W. MacArthur reported experimental results for n = 1611 offspring.^4 MacArthur observed o_1 = 926, o_2 = 288, o_3 = 293, and o_4 = 104. Use these data to test the correctness of the cell probabilities computed in part (a). Solution image of question is not clear please again uplaod it..................

According to Mendelian genetics, a recessive trait will appear in an .pdf

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Biliverdin and bilirubin are: pigments that form during the breakdown of the non-iron portion of home. compound that transport iron in the bloodstream storage molecules for iron in the liver and spleen. precursors to hemoglobin seen in immature red blood cells. former members of the Indy band \"Billy and the Break Down Boys\". Solution A) pigments that form during the breakdown of the non iron portion of the heme. Bilverdin and bilurubin are pigments that are formed during the catabolism of hemoglobin in red blood cells. The RBC are continuously undergoing haemolysis and form heme,iron and globin . The heme intially breaks down into bilverdin and later into bilirubin. The bilverdin is a green pigment which is reduced into yellow colour bilrubin. Iron is reused for RBC formation and Globin will split of..

Biliverdin and bilirubin are pigments that form during the breakdow.pdf

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4b. Two families of sloths exist commonly in Central and South America (two-toed and three- toed sloths. Is the skeletal specimen found in class a two-toed or three-toed sloth? (.25 pt) Solution Kangaroos have short forelimbs, this is because short arms faciliate the easy survival within the mother\'s pouch soon after birth. On the other hand the hindlimbs development is not constrained in the pouch, so they have long hindlimbs. As their forelimbs are short and they cannot hop fast with this, they develop long hindlimbs to compensate for the short forelimbs. The long hindlimbs are needed for fast hopping..

4b. Two families of sloths exist commonly in Central and South Americ.pdf

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2 Answer the following. Describe how you would expect residual (a) soils to change with increasing depth. (b) Give an example of an organic soil (c) What is the usual composition of backswamp deposits? What is the usual composition of alluvial- lacustrine deposits? Give an example of a collapsing soil that we discussed in class. (e) Why is it considered \"collapsing?\" References: Ref1, Ref2 Solution a) With increasing depth residual soil deposits will increase because at the top of the surface, erosion will occur and new soils are occupying the older ones. b) Peat is an organic soil generated from decomposed vegetative matter. c) After flood Clays and silts are getting occupied. Hence it is composed of silts and clays. d) Composition of allluvial and lacustrine is with silts. These soils are mainly silty soils. e) Aeolin solis are collapseble soils. These soils are compacted even under low pressure. Hence these are called collapsible soils..

2 Answer the following. Describe how you would expect residual (a) so.pdf

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Write a program (PYTHON) that allows the user to add, delete and organize the items in a list. Your program will provide the following options: Append: adds an items, input by the user, at the end of the list. Delete: removes an item indicated by the user from the list. Move up: moves an item indicated by the user, to the previous position in the list. Move Down: moves an item indicated by the user to the next position in the list. Move Top: moves an item indicated by the user to the the first spot in the list. Move Bottom: moves an item indicated by the user to the last position in the list. Swap: swaps two items indicated by the user in the list. List all: display the items in the list; one item per line. Quit: allows the user to end the program. Your program shall show appropriate error messages when trying to move, swap, or delete items not found in the list. You program shall also properly handle invalid actions, like trying to move up the first item in the list, or trying to move down the last item in the list. In order to get you started, download the file list_maintainer_base.py which you can find at the bottom of this page. Here is a sample run. Let\'s assume we already added the following items (in this order): cake, cookies, ice cream. Adding \"donuts\" Listing all items here is the code for the list: def add_item(alist): print(\"[Add Item]\") # Read a string from the user # Add that string to the end of the list def show_menu(): print(\'\'\' List Maintainer 3000 Menu: [A]dd item to the list, [R]emove item from list, [U] move an item up, [D] move an item down, [T] move item to the top, [B] move item to the bottom. [L]ist all items, [Q]uit program, [S]wap two items \'\'\') def read_option(): option = input(\"Enter an option: \").upper() while option not in \"ARUDTBLSQ\": print(\"Error: Invalid option. \") option = input(\"Enter an option: \").upper() return option def main(): the_list = [] ##<--list to store user items show_menu() option = read_option() while option != \'Q\': if option == \'A\': add_item(the_list) elif option == \'R\': print(\"...remove item from list\") elif option == \'U\': print(\"...move item up\") elif option == \'D\': print(\"...move item down\") elif option == \'T\': print(\"...move item to the top\") elif option == \'B\': print(\"...move item to the bottom\") elif option == \'L\': print(\"...list all items\") elif option == \'S\': print(\"...swap two items\") else: print(\"Bye!\") show_menu() option = read_option() main() Solution Please find the solution program below: if any there is any, just need little tweaks only. Good luck def add_item(alist): print(\"[Add Item]\") item = input(\"Enter Item:\") for i in alist: alist.insert(i,item) #Adding Item to the List.syntax i = i + 1 # This keeps incrmenting the index value return alist def del_item(alist): element = input(\"Enter the item you want to delete:) try: if element in alist: number = alist.index(element) del alist[number] except: print(\"That Item is n.

Write a program (PYTHON) that allows the user to add, delete and org.pdf

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Write out the set P, where P is the set of even natural numbers betw.pdf

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Why are R waves (Figure) used to determine heart rate rather than T waves? Solution R wave: Mainly its represents first upwards deflection after P wave, Easiest wave form for detremaing the heart function R wave minaly represents the part of VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION , its mainly enlarge with ventricular hypertrophy T wave; Represents the repolarization of the ventricles, this T wave inverted or flat in the condition of the mycordial ischemic and bundle branch block after ventriculr depolarisition the total heart rhytham will be completed so because R wave heart rate will be determains.

Why are R waves (Figure) used to determine heart rate rather than T w.pdf

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1. The dura mater is composed of which type of connective tissue? A. areolar B. dense irregular C. dense regular D. reticular 2. Which of the following are major lobes visible on the surface of the cerebrum. (select all that apply) A. frontal B.insula C.occipital D.parietal E.temporal Solution 1] The dura mater is composed of which type of connective tissue? Dense irregular The meninges cover the brain and spinal cord. The dura mater is the outer meninx. The dura mater is composed of dense irregular connective tissue 2] Which of the following are major lobes visible on the surface of the cerebrum. (select all that apply) A. frontal C. occipital D. parietal E. temporal Four major roles visible on the surface of the cerebrum are Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital.

1. The dura mater is composed of which type of connective tissueA.pdf

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What would cause a collision in a hash table Select one a. The pr.pdf

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What risks do Web and database attacks create for an organization? What harm could a successful attack result in? Solution Risks of web and database attacks: Spoofing: It is the process of imitating other user or process to carry out a task or recover information that is not allowed. An attacker could use a crafted HTTP request having the session id information from other user and recover the users account information which is under attack. Repudiation: In order to bind a detailed action of a single user, applications must have logical repudiation controls like web access, verification, and database transaction logs. Without confirming the logs, online web application users could easily maintain that they did not transfer equities from one account to an external account of another. Otherwise all online agents would be required to reimburse the client for the missing funds. Information Disclosure: Information disclosure is one of the major threats to big organizations who maintain private information about the customer base. When attackers are skilled in revealing private information about a user or users of a website, consumer assurance in that organization will be spoiled causing loss in sales, stock price. Denial of service: These attacks are probably the most well known of all application attacks, frequently produced by malicious users, competitors or script teenager..

What risks do Web and database attacks create for an organization.pdf

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What is the difference in secretory and co translational pathway in yeast versus to human cells?Does secretory and co transnlational pathway take place in Er or cytoplasm in yeast?Please explain in details. Solution The difference in the secretory and co translational pathway in yeast versus humans is that cotranslational translocation occurs in the yeast in the Endoplasmic Reticulum ..It takes place when the signal sequence is sufficiently hydrophobic otherwise it does not take place.Moreover when we fuse the OST 1 signal to msGFP, then Ost1 signal sequence usually yields an efficient translocation as well as efficient secretion at the same time On the other hand in humans the Cotranslational translocation takes place when the membrane- bound ribosomes are inserted.This helpsin growing the various nascent polypeptide chains directly into an ER translocation pore. The secretory and co translational pathway takes place in endoplasmic reticulum(ER) of the yeast as it helps the signal to fuse in a hydphobic environment unlike the ribosomes in humans..

What is the difference in secretory and co translational pathway in .pdf

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under what condition will holes and electrons reside in equal number.pdf

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This is all the information that is available. Chapter 5 – Activity-Based Costing St. Francis Healthcare and Dialysis Clinic St. Francis Healthcare and Dialysis Clinic (SFHDC) is an independent, nonprofit full-service renal dialysis clinic. The clinic provides two types of treatments. Hemodialysis (HD) requires patients to visit a dialysis clinic three times a week, where they are connected to special, expensive equipment to perform the dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) allows patients to administer their own treatment daily at home. The clinic monitors PD patients and assists them in ordering supplied consumed during the home treatment. The total and product-line income statement for the clinic is shown below: CLINIC INCOME STATEMENT TOTAL HD PD Revenues Number of patients 164 102 62 Number of treatments 34,067 14,343 20,624 Total revenue $3,006,775 $1,860,287 $1,146,488 Supply costs Standard supplies (drugs, syringes) 664,900 512,619 152,281 Episodic supplies (for special conditions) 310,695 98,680 212,015 Total supply costs 975,595 611,299 364,296 Service costs General overhead (occupancy, administration) 785,825 Durable equipment (maintenance, depreciation) 137,046 Nursing services (RNs, LPNs, nursing administrators equipment technicians) 883,280 Total service costs 1,806,151 1,117,463 688,688 Total operating expenses 2,781,746 1,728,762 1,052,984 Net income $225,029 $131,525 $93,504 Treatment Level Profit Average charge per treatment $129.70 $55.59 Average cost per treatment 120.53 51.06 Profit per treatment $9.17 $4.53 The existing cost system assigned the traceable supply costs directly to the two types of treatments. The service costs, however, were not analyzed by type of treatment. The total service costs of $1,806,151 were allocated to the treatments using the ration-of-cost-to-charges (RCC) method developed for government cost-based reimbursement programs. With this procedure, since HD t4reatments represented about 61% of total revenues, HD received an allocation of 61% of the $1.8 million service expenses. For many years, the clinics such as SFHDC received much of their reimbursement on the basis of reported costs. Starting in 2015, however, payment mechanisms shifted, and now SFHDC received most of its reimbursement on the basis of a fixed fee not the cost of the service provided. In particular, because HD and PD procedures were categorized by the government as a single category – dialysis treatment-the weekly reimbursement for each patient was the same $389.10. As a consequence, the three HD treatments per week led to a reported revenue per HD treatment of $129.70, and the seven PD treatments per week led to a reported revenue per PD treatment of $55.59. Both procedures appeared to be profitable, according to the clinic’s existing cost and revenue recognition system. Francis Bernadone, the controller of SFHDC was concerned, however, that the procedures currently being used to assign common expenses may not be representative of.

This is all the information that is available.Chapter 5 – Activity.pdf

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Theories of law enforcement/ Subject law enforcement must include regular cultural diversity training to ensure that officers receive proper education concerning the social mores and culture customs that must be honored before an officer will be able to gain support and cooperation from that community. Additionally, agencies have to create a workforce that is more representative of the community served by that agency. What are some of the biggest challenges facing minority groups in law enforcement today? Identify some minority groups working in law enforcement and explain what challenges they face working in the field today. Do you feel that these challenges can be resolved? Do minorities need cultural diversity training as well? Explain your answer. Solution The challenge that a minority group may face while working in a law enforcement agency is that his or her action will be not accepted wholeheartedly by the members of the majority group compared to the case if the action was taken by a member of the majority group. For example in July this year, an unarmed black man died in Mississippi after being kept in a chokehold by a white police officer for more than 20 minutes. This trigerred a spate of voilence in the area. Another key challenge is the presence of a bias or a preconcieved notion against the minority group. This prevents them from taking actions to enact law successfully by the agents belonging to the minority group. Some minority groups working in law enforcement agencies are african americans, hispanic and latino americans. The main challenge they face is the presence of bias or preconcieved notion against the majority group being harbored by the minority group and vice versa. These challenges are difficult to resolve. Radical changes in ideologies are required to overcome these challenges and these radical changes will not be easy to achieve. We can start by giving cultural diversity training to all the members of the law enforcement agency so that they can appreciate the norms of people belonging to different cultures. The training will also ensure that the law enforcing officers do not violate the cultural norms out of ignorance..

Theories of law enforcement Subjectlaw enforcement must include r.pdf

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The US Ceram Bureau determined that from 1910 to 2010 the US population increased by approximately 1.3% each year. The 13th US Census (conducted in 1910) determined that the US population was 91.255 million people. Define a function f that expresses the population, P, of the US in millions of people as a function of the number of years, t since 1910. Assume the population continues to grow at 1.3% per year. Use your graphing calculator to determine in what year Solution a) Population = P(t) = 91.255*(1.013)^t where t = years b) 500 = 91.255*(1.013)^t t *ln1.013 = ln 5.47915 t = 131.7 yrs.

The US Ceram Bureau determined that from 1910 to 2010 the US populati.pdf

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The joint probability mass function of random variables X and Y is d.pdf

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1. Agency conflicts and costs The nature and effects of agency conflicts Agency conflicts are a special example of a conflict of interest; specifically, they are created by the relationship , and result from inconsistencies or disputes between the interests and motivations of the different parties. The magnitude of these conflicts may be made larger or smaller by the environment in which they occur and the availability of techniques or events to prevent, reduce, or rectify them. For example, in businesses managed by professional managers, managers frequently have less financial and emotional commitment to the business than the firm\'s owners (the firm\'s common shareholders). The of ownership and management and the managers of decision making by the owners to the professional create an environment in which these conflicts can take root. Left unaddressed, these conflicts can produce significant real and opportunity costs that the firm\'s shareholders and other stakeholders must bear. Examples of management behaviors that are not in the best interests of the firm\'s shareholders include shirking, an excessive consumption of perquisites, an excessive concern with job security reduced or excessive risk taking, and/or undertaking activities that are principally intended to expand or enhance a manager\'s ego, prestige, or power To prevent, reduce, or correct these conflicts between their managers and themselves, shareholders often have to incur additional real costs called costs. In general, there are four categories of real or opportunity costs incurred by shareholders designed to prevent, mitigate, or correct management shareholder agency conflicts. They are 1. Expenditures to minimize management\'s desire to act contrary to the best interests of shareholders 2. Expenditures to monitor management\'s activities 3. Expenditures to provide a bond against management dishonesty 4. The opportunity cost of lost profits Consider the following situation and identify both the category of the expenditure and the best device that might be used to prevent, reduce, or correct the agency conflict: Solution As per rules I will answer the first 4 subparts of the question 1:management and shareholders (There is see an agency conflict between the managers and shareholders since they have different interests) 2:Separation (Agency conflict arises since the owners are different from managers) 3:delegation (The shareholders give managers the right to make the decisions) 4:Agency costs (These are internal costs that arises from agency relationship and due to conflict of interests).

1. Agency conflicts and costs The nature and effects of agency confli.pdf

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Provides lining of urethra of males and parts of pharynx Provides abrasion protection of skin epidermis and oral cavity Forms inner lining of urinary bladder and ureters Lines kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands Forms lining of stomach and intestines Two or three layers of cube- shaped cells Forms lining of oral cavity, anal canal, and vagina As you examined each specific epithelial tissue, what were the general characteristics they possessed? List and describe those characteristics that you were able to observe. Solution 6. stratified columnar epithelium :provides lining of urethra of males and parts of pharynx 7.stratified squamous epithelium :provides abrasion protection of skin epidermis and oral cavity forms linings of oral cavity, anal canal, ad vaaagaainaaa (have to write spelling wrong because chegg board doesnt alow writing that word) 8.transitional epithelium: forms inner lining of urniary bladder and ureters 9.simple cuboidal epithelium: lines kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands ACCORDING TO CHEGG POLICY I HAVE TO ANSWER JUST FIRST 4 PARTS BUT I AM ANSWERING FEW MORE AS A COURTESY. 10.Simple Columnar epithelium: forms lining of stomach and intestines 11.stratified cuboidal epithelium:two or three layers of cube shaped cells 12.stratified squamous epithelium: forms linings of oral cavity, anal canal, and vaginal cavity Hope it helps .... Regards.

Provides lining of urethra of males and parts of pharynx Provides abr.pdf

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