The document summarizes the anatomy of the cornea. It discusses the five layers of the cornea - epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. It provides details on the composition, thickness, cell types, and functions of each layer. For example, it notes that the stroma is the thickest layer, comprising 78% of the cornea's thickness, and is made up of collagen fibers that give it strength. The endothelium is responsible for corneal transparency by pumping fluid out of the stroma.

1. Anatomy of cornea
Presented by:- Prachee Shree
2nd
sem, 1st
year
B.optom
Instructor:- moutushi madam

2. What is CORNEA..?
AvsculAr tissue
trAnspArent
importAnt opticAl
element (+43.27D)
very sensitive

3. Corneal Dimensions
HVID=11.7mm
VVID=10.6mm
Area=1.3 cm sq.
Saggital depth=2.6mm(avg.)
Refractive index=1.376
Power:-anterior(+48D)
:-posterior(-5D)
Thickness: central- 0.52mm
peripheral- 0.67mm
Radius of curvature:
anteriorsurface:-7.8mm
posteriorsurface:-6.2-6.8mm

4. Corneal Dimensions

5. Corneal Composition
• 78% water
• 15% collagen
• 5% other parts
• 1% GAGs
• Epithelium » 10% of
cornea’s wet weight

6. Layers of CORNEA
Corneal Epithelium
Bowman’s Membrane
Corneal Stroma
Descemet’s Membrane
Corneal Endothelium

7. Corneal Epithelium
Outer most layer
50 microns thick
3 types of cell
Can regenerate
Provides smooth
surface

8. EPITHELIUM CELLSSURFACE CELLS (2 Layers)
• Thin
• Squamous
• Overlapping polygonal cells
WING CELLS (2 Layers)
• Overlays Basal layer
• ‘Wings’ protruding into space between domes of
basal cells
BASAL CELLS
• Deepest
• Columnar
• Hemispherical anterior surface

9. Bowman’s Membrane
Acellular
12 microns thick (8-14µm)
Thin, Elastic Membrane
Does not regenerate and is replaced
by Opaque Scar Tissue

10. Corneal Stroma
0.50 µm thick
Composed of Collagen fibre
Tough and Hard to puncture or cut
2-3 % Keratocytes and 1 % GAGs
200-250 Lamellae superimposed on
one another

12. Descemet’s Membrane
10 microns thick
Highly elastic
Acellular
Produced by Endothelium
Can regenerate if destroyed

13. Corneal Endothelium
Innermost layer
5 lakhs polygonal cells
Receives nutrients from Aqueous
Humour
Degenerate & Die but can’t regenerate
Most important for corneal transparency
If damaged causes, Corneal hydration &
oedema occurs
Specular reflection

14. Supply to cornea
Blood supply
Supplied by conjunctival & episcleral
capillary network in the limbal region

15. Trigeminal nerve
Ophthalmic division
Nasociliary nerve
Long ciliary nerve conjunctival nerve
Pericorneal plexus
70-80 nerves innervates
Stromal plexus
Sub epithelial plexus
Looses sheath of shwann
Supplies all over epithelial layers
Nerve supply

16. Functioning of cornea
Main refracting material
Acts as protective layer

17. 1

18. Any
queries…???????

19. 1.Substantia propria is another name of which
layer of cornea….?
2.Increase in size of corneal endothelial cells is
called_______________.
questions for you

20. ContD…
3. Any deformity in regular polygonality (shape)
of corneal endothelial cell is said to
be_________________.
4. Which corneal layer is absent in carnivores
animal…?

21. ContD…
5. What is the main source of oxygen supply in
cornea…?

22. Thank you for all
Best wishes for upcoming
exams