Part A According to theory of natural selection, what factor below co.pdf

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Part A According to theory of natural selection, what factor below contributed to the current variations in beak sizes of finch species on the Galapagos islands? the O Non-heritable variation between individual was important for natural selection to work O Genetic drift alowed beneficialtraits to spreadthroughout the population O Different finch populations needed to change in order to survive, so benescialnewtrats arose O Finches dispersed to islands where their beak sizes dosely matched awailable seedsizes O Seeds are a limited resource Submit My Answers Give Up Solution Finches dispersed to the island where thier beak size is closely is closely mathed available seed size. larger beak resulted from ability to harvest rare, large seeds. Part A c. Canis lupus They also known as the timber wolf or western wolf..

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Q1. Why are the birds discussed in this lab called Darwin\'s finches? Charles Darwin named them Geospiza leodarwini in honor of his son Leonard. They come from the Darwin archipelago off the coast of Ecuador. Charles Darwin collected the first scientific specimens. John Gould placed them in the genus Darwinospiza. Q2. A medium ground finch\'s ability to survive often depends on its beak size primarily because: Birds with bigger beaks are socially dominant and therefore get the best nest sites. Beak size determines which seeds a finch can eat and how efficiently it can eat them. Longer beaks make better weapons, which the birds use to defend themselves against predators. Larger-beaked finches experience higher mating success. Q3. Which statement best describes the pattern of natural selection on beak size? Deep beaks are favored in dry years, while shallow beaks are favored in wet years. Selection favors birds with bigger beaks. Selection favors birds with smaller beaks. Shallow beaks are favored in large populations, while deep beaks are favored in small populations. Q4. What can happen to our virtual finch population if the weather changes between wet and dry conditions too rapidly? The mutation rate may fall to zero. The distribution of beak sizes may cease to be bimodal. The finch population may go extinct. Beak size may cease to affect survival. Q5. What happened to beak depths in the virtual finch population when selection on beak depth was eliminated (selection strength = 0) and mutation rate for alleles determining beak depth was greater than zero? Average beak depth consistently increased. Average beak depth consistently decreased. The range in beak depths (largest to smallest) became larger. The range in beak depths became smaller. Q6. The Correlated Traits exercise shows that: When two characters are correlated, selection always favors larger values for both or smaller values for both. When two characters are correlated, one of them can evolve toward higher values even if smaller values are better for survival. When two characters are correlated, selection is always strong on both or weak on both. When two characters are correlated, the optimal values and selection strengths rise and fall together. Q7. In the Mountains and Valleys exercise, which of the following parameters had the largest influence on whether the finch population evolved a bimodal distribution? The speed at which the model ran. The difference in carrying capacity between the wet versus dry sides of the island. The number of chicks each pair of parents produced each year. How far the birds flew when looking for a mate. Q8. The final exercise, Large and Small Seeds, showed that: In the absence of geographic barriers, a population cannot evolve distinctive subpopulations. Bimodal distributions are more likely to evolve when geographic barriers are absent. Bimodal distributions only evolve when the population\'s food supply is divided into two types. Bimodal distributi.

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3. What lines of evidence do we have that evolution has taken place? 4. Explain the process of Natural Selection 3. What lines of evidence do we have that evolution has taken place? 4. Explain the process of natural selection. 5. Explain each of Darwin\'s postulates sing the Medium Ground Finch from the Galapagos Islands as an example. Solution 1.Fossil evidence Similarities among living organisms -Homology 2. Phenotypic variation within a species Example - Some Polar bear are white and some are brown. Difference in reproduction and survival Example - Brown bear can\'t able to get enough food in white background ice coverd area like antartic region but white polar bear can able to get more food for survival and reproduction. Transfer of genes through Heredity Example - White polar bear can able to produce more offspring of white bears. The offspring survival rate increase Example - The white polar bear offspring can able to survie easily compare to brown offspprong. After certain period only white bear common in population. 3. All the varieties of Darwin Finches evolved from the same island. The original seed eating features many other forms with altered beak. Based on the insectivorous and vegetarian the finches started to evolved in that geographical area commonly called adaptive radiation..

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Give examples of two zoonotic diseases. Explain how these zoonotic diseases can be transmitted. Discuss the impact of malaria on environmental health. Provide one example of the economic impact this disease has on the developing world. Describe how vectors play a role in the transmission of disease. Give an example of an emerging disease and another example of a re-emerging disease. Solution Major modern diseases such as 1. Ebola virus disease, 2 .Salmonellosis and 3 influenza . 1.Ebola virus disease, : It also called Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) or just Ebola, is a viral hemorrhagic fever of people and different primates brought about by ebolaviruses. Signs and indications ordinarily begin between two days and three weeks in the wake of getting the infection with a fever, sore throat, solid torment, and migraines. At that point, spewing, looseness of the bowels and rash typically take after, with diminished capacity of the liver and kidneys. 2.salmonellosis It is a disease caused by the Salmonella microscopic organisms. The vast majority with salmonellosis create loose bowels, fever, heaving, and stomach issues 12 to 72 hours after disease. Much of the time, the disease endures four to seven days, and a great many people recuperate without treatment i Transmission :Sullied nourishment, frequently having no bizarre look or smell Poor kitchen cleanliness, particularly hazardous in institutional kitchens and eateries since this can prompt to a huge flare-up . Discharges from either wiped out or tainted yet clearly clinically sound individuals Contaminated surface water and standing water, (for example, in shower hoses or unused water distributors) and 3 influenza ..

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Create the variables, and methods needed for this class: A DicePlayer is a class that represents the player in a Craps game. A DicePlayer is a data class. The data we need to manage (the fields or class variables) are the players name and how much money the player has to bet. Methods are needed to manage this data. Solution import java.util.Scanner; // inporting required packages class DicePlayer { private String name; // creating requried variables private double cash; Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); // scanner variable to take i/p\'s public void setName() { System.out.println(\"Enter the name of the player\ \"); name=sc.next(); // taking player name } public void setCash () { System.out.println(\"Give the amount on the hand\ \"); cash=sc.nextDouble(); // taking cash } public String getName() { return name; // getting name when needed } public double getCash() { return cash; // getting cash when needed } public boolean addCash() { double add; System.out.println(\"Give the amount to add\ \"); add=sc.nextInt(); if (add>0) // checking the taken value is non-negative { cash=cash+add; // if yes add it to cash return true; } else return false; // else retrun false } public boolean subCash() { double sub; System.out.println(\"Give the amount to sub\ \"); sub=sc.nextInt(); if (sub>0 && sub.

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Describe different flow control valves with figures. Include references for the material and figures. Solution DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLOW CONTROL VALVES 1. BALL VALVE A ball valve is a form of quarter-turn valve which uses a hollow, perforated and pivoting ball to control flow through it. It is open when the ball\'s hole is in line with the flow and closed when it is pivoted 90-degrees by the valve handle. The handle lies flat in alignment with the flow when open, and is perpendicular to it when closed, making for easy visual confirmation of the valve\'s status. Ball valves are durable, performing well after many cycles, and reliable, closing securely even after long periods of disuse. These qualities make them an excellent choice for shutoff and control applications, where they are often preferred to gates and globe valves, but they lack their fine control in throttling applications. The ball valve\'s ease of operation, repair, and versatility lend it to extensive industrial use, supporting pressures up to 1000 bar and temperatures up to 752 °F (500 °C), depending on design and materials used. Sizes typically range from 0.2 to 48 inches (0.5 cm to 121 cm). One disadvantage of a ball valve is that they trap water in the center cavity while in the closed position. In the event of a freeze, the sides can crack due to expansion of ice forming. Some means of insulation or heat tape in this situation will usually prevent damage. Another option for cold climates is the \"freeze tolerant ball valve\". This style of ball valve incorporates a freeze plug in the side so in the event of a freeze up, the freeze plug ruptures, (acts as a sacrificial disk), thus making for an easy repair. Now instead of replacing the whole valve, just screw in a new freeze plug. 2.GATE VALVE A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve which opens by lifting a round or rectangular gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid. The distinct feature of a gate valve is the sealing surfaces between the gate and seats are planar, so gate valves are often used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. The gate faces can be parallel, but are most commonly wedge-shaped. Gate valves are primarily used to permit or prevent the flow of liquids, but typical gate valves shouldn\'t be used for regulating flow, unless they are specifically designed for that purpose. Because of their ability to cut through liquids, gate valves are often used in the petroleum industry. For extremely thick fluids, a specialty valve often known as a knife gate valve is used to cut through the liquid. On opening the gate valve, the flow path is enlarged in a highly nonlinear manner with respect to percent of opening. This means that flow rate does not change evenly with stem travel. Also, a partially open gate tends to vibrate from the fluid flow. Most of the flow change occurs near shutoff with a relatively high fluid velocity causing gate and seat wear and eventual leakage if u.

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Compare and contrast transmit and receive diversity. Describe how each diversity type lead to an improvement in system performance. Solution Diversity refers to a technique for improving the transmission of a signal, by receiving and processing multiple versions of the same transmitted signal. The multiple versions can be the result of signals following different propagation paths, being transmitted at different times or frequencies. In Transmit diversity, Spatial diversity is introduced into the signal by transmitting through multiple antennas. The antennas are spaced far enough so that the signals emanating from them can be assumed to undergo independent fading. In addition to diversity gain, antenna gain can also be incorporated through channel state feedback. TD can improve the receiver performance in the presence of flat fading. It reduces impact of fading by offering mutliple copies of the digitally modulated waveform at the receiver, where the chance that all copies are simultaneously in a fade is very small. In receiver diversity, the use of diversity at receiver needs combining the outputs of statistically independent fading channels, in accordance with a criterion that leads to improved receiver performance. Several techniques have been studied for diversity combining. Some of these techniques are selection combining, maximal ratio, equal gain and square law combining. When using diversity transmission and reception, the amount of received signal improvement depends on the independence of the fading characteristics of the signal as well as circuit outages and failures..

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C++: Doubly-Linked Lists The goal of the exercise is to implement a class List of doubly- linked lists. My goal is to implement the class in a file doubly-linked.cpp. The class List implements lists using the following structures for list elements: struct Node { int val ; Node next; Node prev; }; Each Node contains a value (an integer) and two pointers: one meant to point to the next element of the list and one meant to point to the previous element in the list. The class provides the following methods that you need to implement: • A constructor and a destructor, with no arguments; • void insert(int n): insert an integer at the end of the list; • void reverse(): reverse the list; • void print(): print the list to cout in the same format as the input (i.e. integers separated by spaces); doubly-linked.h #ifndef __dll__ #define __dll__ #include using namespace std; // Basic structure to store elements of a list struct Node { int val; // contains the value Node * next; // pointer to the next element in the list Node * prev; // pointer to the previous element in the list }; // Class List class List { public: List(void); // Constructor ~List(void); // Destructor void insert(int n); // This should insert n in the list void reverse(void); // This should reverse the list void print(void); // This shoiuld print the list private: Node * first; // Pointer to the first (if any) element in the list }; #endif main.cpp #include #include \"doubly-linked.h\" using namespace std; int main(void){ List l; int n; while(cin >> n){ l.insert(n); } // Print list as read from cin l.print(); // Reverse the list and print it l.reverse(); l.print(); // Reverse again and print it l.reverse(); l.print(); return 0; } Solution #include using namespace std; /* Linked list structure */ struct list { struct list *prev; int data; struct list *next; } *node = NULL, *first = NULL, *last = NULL, *node1 = NULL, *node2 = NULL; class linkedlist { public: /* Function for create/insert node at the beginning of Linked list */ void insrt_frnt() { list *addBeg = new list; cout << \"Enter value for the node:\" << endl; cin >> addBeg->data; if(first == NULL) { addBeg->prev = NULL; addBeg->next = NULL; first = addBeg; last = addBeg; cout << \"Linked list Created!\" << endl; } else { addBeg->prev = NULL; first->prev = addBeg; addBeg->next = first; first = addBeg; cout << \"Data Inserted at the beginning of the Linked list!\" << endl; } } /* Function for create/insert node at the end of Linked list */ void insrt_end() { list *addEnd = new list; cout << \"Enter value for the node:\" << endl; cin >> addEnd->data; if(first == NULL) { addEnd->prev = NULL; addEnd->next = NULL; first = addEnd; last = addEnd; cout << \"Linked list Created!\" << endl; } else { addEnd->next = NULL; last->next = addEnd; addEnd->prev = last; last = addEnd; cout << \"Data Inserted at the end of the Linked list!\" << endl; } } /* Function for Display Linked list */ void display() { node = first; cout << \"List of data in L.

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Blood in the femoral artery will flow into what artery next? Blood in the femoral artery will flow into what artery next? Solution Answer: popliteal artery The popliteal artery branches off from the femoral artery. It is located in the knee and the back of the leg. Its courses near the adductor canal and the adductor hiatus, distinctive open areas inside the thigh. At its far end, it splits into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries..

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Assume that 96% of ticket holders show up for an airline flight. If a plane seats 200 people, how many tickets should be sold to make the chance of an overbooked flight (more ticket holders show up for a flight than there are seats available) is at most 10%. Solution Say no. of tickets booked = x Now only 0.96x will turn up No. of seats = 200 Now these 0.96x people should get a seat with 90% probability 200 / (0.96x) >=0.9 200/0.864 >= x x <=231.48 x = 231 Airline will make 231 reservations.

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Although some male crab spiders find and mate with adult female spiders, others that find immature females remain with them although the sub adult females are incapable of mating until they become adults. This behavior would puzzle most evolutionary biologists because: a. The genetic basis for this behavior would be very difficult to determine. b. Mating is instinctive in spiders and therefore all males should behave the same, either mating with adult females only or guarding sub adult females only. c. Males that guard sub adults cannot use the time to find receptive females. d. One would think that immature female spiders should accept and store sperm from males in order to permit good female-finding males to have time to find many mates. Solution The answer to this concept is ans (4)..one the female immature spider should store the sperms in them for good female - findings males to have time to find many other...

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–PLS write program in c++ thanx Linked List Sorting and Reversing Write a C++ using your own linked list class to manage a list of string elements. Besides the basic operations expected of a linked list (add an element, remove an element, check for empty list, report size (number) of elements in the list, and print out the content of the list), the linked list class also needs to have a method called sort() and a method called reverse() the manipulate the string elements. The sort method rearranges the elements in the list so they are sorted in alphabetical order. The reverse method reverses the order of the elements of the list. Do NOT use recursion to implement either of these operations. pls write program in c++ thanx Solution #include #include using namespace std; class Node{ //class node public: string data; Node* next; void SetData(string aData) { data = aData; }; void SetNext(Node* aNext) { next = aNext; }; }; class List{ //class list Node *head; public: List() { head = NULL; }; void addElement(string data); void removeElement(string data); int isEmpty(Node* temp); int size(); void print(); void sort(); void reverse(); }; int List::isEmpty(Node* temp){ //method to check whether list is empty or not if(temp!=NULL) return 1; else return 0; } void List::addElement(string data){ //method to add Node* newNode=new Node(); newNode->SetData(data); newNode->SetNext(NULL); Node* temp=head; if(temp!=NULL) { while(temp->next!=NULL) {temp=temp->next;} temp->next=newNode; } else head=newNode; } void List::removeElement(string data){ //method for delete Node* temp=head; Node *prev=head; if(isEmpty(temp)==1) {//prev=temp; while(temp!=NULL) { if(temp->data==data) {prev->next=temp->next; temp->next=NULL; } else {prev=temp; temp=temp->next; } } } else cout<<\"Nothing to delete as linked list is empty \"<next; } } return count; } void List::print(){ //method for print Node* temp=head; if(isEmpty(temp)==1){ while(temp!=NULL) { cout<data<<\" \"; temp=temp->next; } } } int main() { List list; list.addElement(\"anshu\"); list.addElement(\"anurag\"); list.addElement(\"how\"); list.addElement(\"are\"); list.addElement(\"you?\"); int count=list.size(); cout<<\"size of the linked list= \"<.

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Write a Java program that calculates the distance between two points when a user types the coordinates. Solution DistBetPoints.java import java.util.Scanner;//package for keyboard inputting //distance = square root of [(a2-a1)squared + (b2-b1)squared] public class DistBetPoints {//main class static double distance(double a1, double b1, double a2, double b2) { return Math.sqrt((a2-a1)*(a2-a1) + (b2-b1)*(b2-b1)); } public static void main(String[] args) { //main function double a2, a1, b2, b1; double distance; Scanner scan = new Scanner (System.in); System.out.println(\"Enter the x coordinate for point 1: \"); a1 = scan.nextDouble();//keyboard inputting System.out.println(\"Enter the y coordinate for point 1: \"); b1 = scan.nextDouble();//keyboard inputting System.out.println(\"Enter the x coordinate for point 2: \"); a2 = scan.nextDouble();//keyboard inputting System.out.println(\"Enter the y coordinate for point 2: \"); b2 = scan.nextDouble();//keyboard inputting distance = distance(a1,b1,a2,b2);//calling function System.out.println(\"The distance between the two points is \" + distance + \" .\"); } } output Enter the x coordinate for point 1: 0 Enter the y coordinate for point 1: 0 Enter the x coordinate for point 2: 2 Enter the y coordinate for point 2: 2 The distance between the two points is 2.8284271247461903 ..

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Which of the following light waves has the most amount of energy? High frequency Low frequency long wavelength light speed Solution At low frequency ,light waves show High amount of energy. The different types of raditions present in light energy ,found in the photons. Photons are the pockets of light energy. Radio waves have photons with low energy,microwave photons have little more energy than radio waves, ..

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Unlike the biological species concept, the morphospecies concept relies on: a. offspring. phenotype. physiology. behavior. a. offspring.b. phenotype.c. physiology.d. behavior. Solution B). Phenotype Biological species concept (BSC): According to the biological species concept, a biological species is the one in which, organisms can have interbreeding and produce the viable offspring. In contrast, the morphospecies concept relies on phenotype. The species are grouped according to the similarities in their morphological features..

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11.1.2 Entered Answer Preview 28 28 1/28 1/28 At least one of the answers above is NOT correct (1 pt ind an equation for the parabola that has its vertex at the origin and focus F(0,7) f your answer is in the form r2 Ay, then input here: A 28 if your answer is in the form y E Ar, then input here A 1/28 Result correct In Correct Solution Please see for the given information, we get parabola as x^2=Ay, so x^2=28y is only answer for this problem..

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