Economic importance by pillai aswathy viswanath

1. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF
ORCHIDACEAE , ZINGIBERACEAE ,
DIOSCORIACEAE
By,
Pillai Aswathy viswanath
PG 2 Botany
St. Thomas college
kozhencherry

3. ORCHID FAMILY
 Bentham and hookers placed
the family under
microspermae in the beginning
of monocotyledons
 It is the 2nd largest family
(only after Asteraceae )of
angiosperm
 Comprising 788 genera and
over 18500 sps.
 About 128 genera and 700
sps. are found in India

4.  Plants are perennial
herbs , terrestrial or
epiphytic or saprophytic
 Family is known for the
plants having most
beautiful flowers
 The orchid family is
probably one of the most
important of plant
families from a
horticultural point of
view.

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Use as food
 The dried seed pods of one
orchid Vanilla planifolia, are
commercially important as
flavoring in baking,
extensively used for
flavouring food products
such as ice cream,
manufacture of perfume .

6.  The underground tubers
of terrestrial orchids
mainly Orchis mascula
are ground to a powder
and used for cooking,
such as in the hot
beverage salep

7.  Dried leaves of Jumellea
fragrans are used to flavor
rum.
 Some saprophytic orchid
species of the
group Gastrodia produce
potato-like tubers and
were consumed as food by
native peoples in Australia

8. Traditional medicinal uses
 Orchids have been used
in traditional medicine in an effort
to treat many diseases and ailments.
 Roots of Vanda roxburghii are used
for the treatment of scorpion bites
and rheumatism
 Dried tuberous roots of orchis
lantifolia are used as nervine tonic

9.  In America, Vanilla planifolia
was used as useful herb for
the treatment of fevers,
impotence, rheumatism and to
increase the energy of
muscular systems
 Vanda tessellata , leaves used
in rheumatism and allied
disorders, paste of leaves is
used for fever

10.  Brachycortis
obcordata, Root Used
in dysentery. Taken
with milk as a tonic,
 Trudelia cristata ,
roots & leaves paste is
applied in cuts, wounds

11.  Anoectochilus roxburghii
, Whole plant, Consumed
to treat tuberculosis
 Bulbophyllum careyanum
,Leaves and
Pseudobulb,fresh pulp of
pseudo bulb is used in
burns, powder of leaves
is used to cause abortion

12. Horticulture
 Orchids have an enormous importance in
horticulture.
 Orchids are used as ornamental plants
for almost every occasion, both as pot
plants and cut flowers.
 Family is known for the plants having
most beautiful flowers,both in colour and
shape. Hence it has enormous ornamental
value

13.  Some important ornamental genera are
Cypripedium ,
 Habenaria,
 Catteleya,
 Vanda,
 Cymbidium,

14.  Dendrobium,
 Epidendrum ,
 Orchis,
 Epipactis,
 Coelogyne

16. Zingiberaceae

17. GINGER FAMILY
 The ginger family, of flowering
plants consisting of
aromatic perennial herbs with
creeping horizontal or
tuberous rhizomes, comprising
about 52 genera and more than
1300 species, distributed
throughout tropical Africa, Asia,
and the Americas.

18.  Zingiberaceae flower
resembles an orchid because
of its labellum (two or
three fused stamens) joined
with a pair of petal-like
sterile stamens.
 Some plants of the family
have considerable economic
value

19. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Medicinal use
 Some plants are medicinally important
curcuma domestica is used in stomachic,
blood purifier and antiseptic
 It also applied to sprains and wounds

21.  Ginger has been used for its health
benefits for over 5000 years and is a
favorite medicinal as well as culinary
herb.
 The intake of ginger helps stimulate the
secretion of mucus, quieting your cough
and any scratchiness in your throat.
 Ginger contains anti viral, anti toxic,
and anti fungal properties, and is used
for the prevention of and treatment
against the common cold

22.  Eating ginger may help to prevent cancer
and aging disorders.
 Also used for migraine headache
 Ginger can also be used for reducing
toothache
 The ancient Greeks used to eat ginger
after a large meal,in order to ease the
digestion process
 Ginger has proven to help lower your
cholesterol levels and prevent the
formation of blood clots.

23. Spices
 Important spice yielding plants are
Zingiber officinale , Curcuma longa ,
Curcuma angustifolia , Elettaria
cardamomum ,Alpinia galanga, Amomum
aromaticum

24. Ornamental plants
 Commonly cultivated ornamental plants
are Alpinia speciosa , Globba racemosa ,
Hedychium spicatum , Cautleya spicata

25. Other use
 The root stock of
Hedychium spicatum is
used as a perfume
 The ginger oil obtained
from Zingiber officinale
is used in perfumery

26. Dioscoriaceae

27. YAM FAMILY
 Dioscoreaceae is a family
of monocotyledonous with about
750 species in eight or nine genera.
 The best-known member of the family is
the Yam
 Herbaceous or woody vines and shrubs,
distributed throughout tropical and warm
temperate regions.

28. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
 In medicine, Dioscorea
alata has been used as
a laxative and vermifuge,
and as a treatment
for fever,leprosy, tumors
 D. alata is sometimes
grown in gardens for its
ornamental value.

29.  Purple yam is used in a variety of
desserts, as well as a flavor for ice
cream, milk, Swiss rolls,cookies, cakes,
and other pastries.
 In the Philippines, it is known
as ube and is eaten as a sweetened jam
called ube halayá.

30.  In Maharashtra, the stir-
fried chips are eaten
during religious
fasting. Purple yam is also
an essential ingredient
in Undhiyu
 Tuber and bulbils
of Dioscorea
polystachya are edible
 The tuber is sometimes
used as an herbal tonic.

31.  The tuber has been eaten
for the treatment of poor
appetite, chronic diarrhea,
asthma, dry coughs,
frequent or uncontrollable
urination, diabetes
 Leaf juice from D.
polystachya can be used to
treat snakebites and
scorpion stings.