Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the net electric charge enclosed by the surface. It states that the total electric flux through any closed surface is equal to 1/ε0 times the net charge enclosed, divided by the permittivity of free space ε0. Gauss's law provides an easier way to calculate electric fields than Coulomb's law and can be used to find electric fields when you know the charge distribution inside the surface.