1. Royal University of Phnom Penh
MIS-A2-Group6
Slide: 4-11
2012-2013
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2. Why Learn About Database Systems
and Business Intelligence?
Database:
 Organized collection of data on people, places, or things
Database Management System (DBMS):
 Specific type of software for creating, storing, organizing, and
accessing data from a database
 Provide an interface between the database and its users and other
application programs
For example: Microsoft Access, Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server,
MYSQL
Database Administrator (DBA):
 The people responsible for managing databases who sets up and
manages a database
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3. Data Management
No data and cannot process it:
Could not successfully complete most business activities
Data consists of raw facts
To transform data into useful information:
It must first be organized in a meaningful way
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4. The Hierarchy of Data
Bit:
 Is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single
binary value, either 0 or 1
Byte:
 A byte is equal to 8 bits
Character:
 generally reserved for letters, numbers, and punctuation that
requires one byte of storage
Field (Column of table):
 Store data representing an attribute can be name, number, or
combination of characters
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5. The Hierarchy of Data (Cont.)
Record (row):
 A group of fields within a table
File:
A related collection of records
Database:
Collection of data that is organized so that its contents
can easily be accessed, managed, and updated
Hierarchy of data:
Bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases
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6. The Hierarchy of Data (Cont.)
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7. Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys
Entity:
Generalized category representing person, place, thing
on which we store and maintain information
For example: Supplier, Customer, Staff, …. Etc
Attribute:
Specific characteristics of each entity
For example: Supplier (name, address, phone,… etc)
Data Item:
A unit of data (or value) to be processed. Includes
constants, variables, arrays, character substrings, or
records. 7

8. Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys
(Cont.)
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9. Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys
(Cont.)
Key:
Uniquely identifies each record
Primary key:
One field in each table
Cannot be duplicated
Provides unique identifier for all information in any row
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10. Thank You!
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