The internship report about FM 101 Faisalabad and Radio Pakistan

1. “In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful”

2. ٍ‫ب‬ْ‫ل‬َ‫ق‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫و‬ ُ‫ع‬َ‫م‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫ي‬ َ‫َل‬ ٍ‫اء‬َ‫ع‬ُ‫د‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫و‬ ُ‫ع‬َ‫ف‬ْ‫ن‬َ‫ي‬ َ‫َل‬ ٍ‫م‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ك‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ذ‬‫و‬ُ‫ع‬َ‫أ‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ َّ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫الل‬
ُ‫ع‬َ‫ب‬ْ‫ش‬َ‫ت‬ َ‫َل‬ ٍ‫س‬ْ‫ف‬َ‫ن‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫و‬ ُ‫ع‬َ‫ش‬ْ‫خ‬َ‫ي‬ َ‫َل‬
Allah, I seek refuge with You from knowledge that is of no benefit, from a supplication that
is not heard, from a heart that does not fear (You) and from a soul that is not satisfied.

3. DEDICATED TO
“My Great Parents, Loving Teachers and Sincere Friends Who Helped Me to Reach This Level”

4. The chairman,
Department of Mass Communication
Allama Iqbal open University,
Islamabad,
Subject: Completions of Internship
Sir,
It is submitted that I have completed my internship at news Section of Raid Pakistan
Broadcasting Corporation Faisalabad from 29-Dec-2016 to 06-Feb-2017.
Now I am sending my internship report duly signed by the sectional head of the News
Department and would expect that my degree will resealed very soon.
Hoping for your favorable action.
Yours truly,
Roll No: 00000000000000
Registration No: 000000000000000
Address: city

5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Internship report is essential part of M.Sc Mass Communication degree program. Internship
provides complete practical knowledge of the areas we passed through our course work. It makes us
aware of the practical and technical requirement in the field.
I am grateful to Almighty ALLAH, whose blessings have always been sources of
encouragement for me and who gave me the ability to complete this task. I wish our heartiest thanks
to my parents who encouraged me at every stage of life and remembered me in their prayers. I can
never turn down their efforts they put forward for my bright and prosperous future. May ALLAH
almighty rendered them with affection and forgiveness in this life and afterward.
I am also thankful to FM101 Management for giving internship in their channel. This not only
helped me in gaining practical experience but also explored my course work skills in such an
esteemed environment.

6. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
FM 101 channel is a Radio channel and all its operations are based on providing the audience
with information, news, entertainment and educating them. In this internship report I have describe
about the working of the FM 101 channel in detail. This report highlights how a FM Channel works,
how it is managed and controlled.
The daily operations of the channel have been described as well, which ranges from collection
of news to dissemination of news or the final broadcast.
In simple a full summary of the whole process that how the news is made from where it comes from
and how it is collected and who collects it ,to whom it is forwarded ,where it reaches ,how it is treated
,what are the essential components of news ,through what process it passes in to its final shape and
up to the final broadcast has been included in this report.
It is two months therefore I have to spend a week or two so that I may grab all the process
that takes place in the organization with open mind.
In the report I have described about the different offices that look after the daily work and
operations of the news channel.
The way in which the channel works is also explained in the report, who supervises the
newsroom how the news is treated in news room, and how it is transmitted to the general or desired
public.
I got training in the FM 101 in different departments or section which helped me in catching
the overall process of the practical life work experience.
The report focus on areas where I did my internship, the different branches and different areas of
work assigned to me has been the main focus of the report. These different departments range from
news room to transmission. With marketing, finance and HR working side by side to them.
The working environment and the behavior of the personnel in the organized have also been
described in detail.
I came across some findings that are part of the internship report have stated my
recommendations for improvements and some changes that may be helpful for the organization
Management Structure.

7. MSc Mass Communication 14/16
Submitted by: AMMAN KHAN
Roll no: 0000000
Reg #: 00000000
Submitted to: Dr. Saqib Riaz
CHAIRMAN DEPARTMENT OF MASS COMMUNICATION
ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
SECTOR H-8, ISLAMABAD

9. ORGANIZATION
PAKISTAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION FAISALABAD (PBCCF)
Radio Pakistan FM-101, Faisalabad
2002 to till with 2.5 Standard power (KW)

10. Ministry Of Broadcasting and Information Pakistan

11. Table of Contents
DEDICATED TO…………….............................................................................................................………ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………...............................................................................................................iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................…..iv
1 INTRODUCTION OF THE SECTOR....................................................................................................8
2 OVERVIEW OF ORGANIZATION..............................................................................................……..11
2.1 Brief History...................................................................................................................12
2.2 Mission Statement.........................................................................................................16
2.3 Coverage Area ...............................................................................................................18
3 Corporate Offices .........................................................................................................................21
3.1 Registered Office Islamabad: ........................................................................................ 22
3.2 Corporate Office Islamabad: .........................................................................................23
3.3 Operational Head Office of Radio Awaz: .......................................................................25
4 BRANCHES WHERE I DID INTERNSHIP………………………………………………………………………………………27
4.1 News room ................................................................................................................... 28
4.2 Monitoring ....................................................................................................................29
4.3 News Production...........................................................................................................30
4.1.1 Opening of News ........................................................................................................31
4.3.2 Headlines ....................................................................................................................32
4.3.3 Break in between news ...............................................................................................33
4.3.4 Anchor Audio News ....................................................................................................33
4.3.5 Reports & Beeper ........................................................................................................33
4.3.6 Closing of news ...........................................................................................................33
5 ASSIGNED PROJECTS .....................................................................................................................34
5.1 Production of News: ......................................................................................................35
5.2 News writing, Editing and Subediting............................................................................ 35
5.3 News Monitoring ...........................................................................................................36
5.4 Observation and Findings...............................................................................................36
6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION FOR IMPROVEMET .....................................................38

12. CHAPTER # 1
INTRODUCTION

13. HISTORY
· March 1926 The Indian Broadcasting Company (IBC)‚ a private Company‚ was formed
· 23rd July‚ 1927 IBC started a station at Bombay‚ thus beginning organized broadcasting in Indo-
Pakistan‚ sub-continent
· 1928 A small transmitting station was set up at Lahore
· April 1930 Broadcasting was placed under the direct control of Government under the title
'Indian State Broadcasting Service' (ISBS)
· January 1934 The 'Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act (1933)' came into force
· January 1935 NWFP Government set up a 250 watts transmitting station at Peshawar for
community listening
· March 1935 Office of Controller of broadcasting created under the Department of Industries
and Labour of the Government
· August 1935 Mr. Lionel Fielden assumed charge as the first Controller of Broadcasting
· January‚ 1936 Delhi radio station was opened . Mr A.S.Bukhari Station Director Delhi becomes
deputy controller of broadcasting on July 9‚ 1936
· 8th June‚ 1936 The name of Indian State Broadcasting Service was changed as AIR

14. · July 16‚ 1936 A station was inaugurated at Peshawar. This station was taken over by the
Government of India from the Government of NWFP on April 1‚ 1937
· July 1942 The Peshawar radio station shifted in a regular broadcasting house December 1937
The Lahore Station went on air
· March 1939 The Peshawar station was converted into a relay station
· September 1939 News bulletins were centralized in all languages at Delhi. The same year‚ a
station was opened at Dhaka
Nov 12‚ 1939 Quaid-e-Azam's first radio broadcast from Bombay radio station on Eid day
· Oct 24‚ 1941 The Department of Information and Broadcasting was set up
· July 16‚ 1942 Peshawar radio station formally inaugurated
· February 1943 Controller broadcasting was designated as Director General
· 3 June 1947 Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah makes historic address on AIR and announces
the creation of the newly independent state of PAKISTAN for the muslims of the sub-continent
· Aug 14‚1947 Pakistan comes into being and the announcement of its creation is made by the
new organization‚ the Pakistan Broadcasting Service which comes into existence at the same time
and later designated as Radio Pakistan
· Inaugurations of broadcasting stations and transmitters
· 1948 Rawalpindi-3 Radio Station with 500 Watt SW transmitter and Karachi Radio Station with
100 Watt SW transmitter were inaugurated
· 1949 Rawalpindi Station with 100-Watt MW transmitter was inaugurated
· 1950 Inauguration of a new broadcasting house at Karachi
1951 Foundation-stone of Hyderabad radio station with 1 kW MW transmitter was laid
· 17 Oct 1956 Quetta radio station and 1 kW MW transmitter was inaugurated
· 15 Oct. 1960 Inauguration of Rawalpindi-2 radio station with 1 kW SW transmitter and a
receiving center at Peshawar
· 1970 A staff Training School & Technical Training School Islamabad and Multan radio station
with 120 kW MW transmitter inaugurated
· Radio Pakistan was converted into a body corporate under an ordinance issued by the former
President of Pakistan‚ Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in 1972.
· The foundation stone of PBC Headquarters‚ Islamabad building was laid by the former President
Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto on 27th April‚ 1972.
· After the new constitution had been framed and brought into effect in 1973‚ the parliament
passed “PBC Act 1973”.
· 21 April 1973 World Service for overseas Pakistanis inaugurated
· 1974 Foundation-stone of 100 kW Transmitter‚ Khairpur laid
· 18 Aug 1975 Inauguration of Bahawalpur radio station with 10 kW MW

15. · 1977 The main broadcasting unit of PBC‚ the Islamabad Radio station in the new National
Broadcasting house with 1‚000 kW MW transmitter was inaugurated
· 1977 Inauguration of Gilgit radio station with 250 Watt MW transmitter and Skardu radio station
with 250 watt MW transmitter
· 1981 Turbat radio station with 250 Watt MW and D.I.Khan radio station with 10 kW MW
transmitter and Khuzdar radio station with 250 Watt MW inaugurated
· 15 Sept. 1982 Faisalabad radio station with 250 Watt MW came on air
· 7 May 1986 a new broadcasting house‚ Khairpur was inaugurated
· 1989 Inauguration of Sibi relay station with 250 Watt transmitter and Abbottabad relay station
with 250 Watt transmitter.
· Aug 1993 Chitral radio station with 1 kW FM transmitter was inaugurated
· Radio Pakistan Larkana was inaugurated by the Prime Minister Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto on
24th September‚ 1995.
· 1996 Foundation stone of Loralai station and 10 kW MW transmitter and 10 kW MW transmitter
at Zhob were laid.
· 1997 Federal minister of Information Mr. Mushahid Hussain Syed inaugurated the
computerization of the PBC news processing system and availability of the news bulletins on the
Internet in text and audio form.
· In October 1998 Radio Pakistan started FM transmission.
· Inauguration of FM101 Station at PBC Islamabad.
· 2005 new FM regular stations set up at Gawadar‚ Mianwali‚ Sargodha‚ Kohat‚ Bannu‚ Mithi
· The National Broadcasting Service was launched by the former Minister of Information &
Broadcasting Sherry Rehman on 18th August‚ 2008.
· Presently Radio Pakistan is broadcasting programmes in 23 languages.
· In March 2014, 100 KW medium wave transmitter at Turbat Station was made operational and
put on air.
· In May 2014 the 400 KW medium wave digital transmitter, newly installed at Peshawar under
USAID program, was inaugurated. The transmitter is radiating 18 hours services daily on the
frequency 1260 KHz, covering Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, FATA and parts of Punjab.
· In July 2014, a new 100 KW medium wave digital transmitter was installed and put on air from
Hyderabad station. The transmitter is radiating 148 hours services daily on the frequency 1008 KHz,
covering major cities of Sindh.
· In August 2014, the 100 KW medium wave digital transmitter, newly installed at D.I Khan under
USAID program, was inaugurated. The prime objective is to cover South and North Waziristan. In
August, FM Varsa Channel was launched from Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi on the frequency 94
MHz, for effective promotion of our cultural heritage including classical, semi-classical, folk and Sufi
music.

16. · In August 2014, the face-lifting of the old and shabby buildings of Lahore and Peshawar radio
stations were carried out and studios renovated.
· In August 2014, one studio each at Lahore and Peshawar radio stations were dedicated to
Mustafa Ali Hamdani and Aftab Ahmed respectively, the first announcers announced creation of
Pakistan from Radio Pakistan, at midnight, on 13th August 1947.
· In October 2014, the out of order 100 KW short wave transmitter, installed at Rawat Transmitting
Station, was made operational and put on air. The services are available in AJK and Indian-held
Kashmir.
· In November 2014, a group of PBC personnel comprising studio engineer, IT engineer and
producer joined a training program held at Antalya, Turkey under the auspices of Turkish Radio &
Television Corporation.
· In December 2014, a 100 KW MW digital transmitter, imported from Canada, was received for
Multan station. After Installation, the transmitter will cover the Southern Punjab.
· In December 2014, a 10 KW medium wave digital transmitter, imported from Germany, was
received for Karachi station. After its installation, MW services in Karachi and adjoining areas will be
rehabilitated.
· In December 2014, FM Sautul Quran Channel is being launched from Islamabad on frequency
93.5 MHz. The Channel is broadcasting recitation from the Holy Quran and its Urdu translation for 18
hours daily. Similar services will also be broadcast from 19 other cities in near future.
· In December 2014, a ceremony was held in the PBC Headquarters, Islamabad to confer awards
upon the PBC personnel belonging to Engineering, Program and News sections, in recognition to their
excellent performance.

17. Mission
The mission of Radio Pakistan is to:
(a) Provide broadcasting services for general reception in all parts of Pakistan through Home and
External Services for the purposes of disseminating information‚ education and entertainment
through programs which maintain a proper balance in their subject-matter and a high general
standard of quality and morality;
(b) Broadcast such programs as may promote Islamic ideology‚ national unity and principles of
democracy‚ freedom‚ equality‚ tolerance and social justice as enunciated by Islam; discourage
parochial‚ racial‚ tribal‚ sectarian‚ linguistic and provincial prejudices and reflect the urges and
aspirations of the people of Pakistan;
(c) Broadcast in the Homes Services such special programs as the Federal Government may‚ from
time to time‚ direct;
(d) Broadcast programs in the External Services to such countries and in such languages and at
such times as the Federal Government may‚ from time to time‚ direct;
(e) Bring to public awareness the whole range of significant activity and to present news or events
in as factual‚ accurate and impartial a manner as possible;
(f) Carry out instructions of the Federal Government with regard to general pattern or policies
in respect of programs‚ announcements and news to be put out on the air from time to time;
(g) Hold the existing and to construct or acquire and establish or install additional stations and
apparatus;
(h) Hold the existing and to construct or acquire additional equipment and apparatus for
telephony in Pakistan for purpose of broadcasting;
(i) Compile‚ prepare‚ print‚ publish‚ issue‚ circulate and distribute‚ with or without charge‚ such
papers‚ magazines‚ periodicals‚ books‚ circulars and other such matter as may be conducive to any of
the functions of the PBC.

18. Organizational Chart
Director Genral
Director
Programme
Director News
Director
Engineering
Director
Adminstration
Director
Finance
Director IT

19. COVERAGE AREA.

20. Radio Awaz is the Largest Group of Private FM Radios in Pakistan having presence in 12 Districts in
Punjab. It’s the ONLY FM RADIO NETWORK covering all over the Punjab.
2.3.1 List of FM Radio Stations:
 FM 105-Gujrat
 FM 101-Faisalabad
 FM 107-Sheikhupura
 FM-104- Sargodha/Bhalwal
 FM-105-Jhang
 FM-107-Pakpattan
 FM 105- Okara
 FM 105-Sahiwal
 FM 105 Bahawalpur
 FM 104 Rajanpur
 FM-106-Khanpure
 FM 105-Sadiqabad
Complete Districts including but not limited to:
Gujrat, Lalamusa, Kharian, Bhimber (AJK), Mirpur (AJK), Jhelum,Wazirabad Faisalabad, Kamoke,
Muridke, Sialkot, Narowal, Deska, Hafizabad, NorthWest Lahore, Sheikhupura, Nankana, Kasur, 80%
overage of Lahore except the East Side of the City.
Sargodha, Bhalwal, Kushab, Mandibahaudin, Chakwal,JhangSaddar, Jhang City, Chiniot, Toba Tek
Sing, Samundri, ChakJumra,Tandianwala, Pakpattan, PirMehal, Arifwala, Dipalpur, Vehari,
Bahawalnagar, Minchanabad, Chishtian, Haroonabad,Fort abbas, Okara, Pattoki, RenalaKhurd, Hujra
Shah Muqeem, DilpalpurSahiwal, Chichawatni, Harrapa, Shahko, Bahawalpur, Lodhran, Ahmedpur
East, Hasilpur, Yazman, KhairpurTamewali, Dunyapur, KarorPaka, Bhorewala, Mailsi.
Rajanpur, Jampur, Rojan, Layyah, Muzaffergarh,Khanpur, Liaqatpur, Ahmadpur East, Zherpir,
GhariIftikhar Khan, Janpur, KotSamaba, Sadiqabad, Rahim Yar Khan, Kashmoor, Obaro, Ghotki.
PanuAqil and much more.

21. 2.3.2 Coverage on Highways:
 Motorway- M2
 Motorway-M3
 GT Road
 Indus High Way:
 Islamabad to Lahore 90%
 Pindi Bhatian to Faisalabad 100%
 From 30 KM of Rawalpindi – Lahore Complete GT Road.
 From Lahore to Okara-Sahiwal-Khanewal-Multan
 From Multan – Bahawalpur
 From Bahawalpur – Rahim Yar Khan
 From RayimYar Khan- Sadiqabad- Kashmor- Obaro-
 PanuAqil
 (KLP Road (National High way)
 From Kashmor to boundaries of DG Khan

22. CHAPTER # 2
CORPORATE OFFICES

23. 3 Corporate Offices
3.1 Registered Office Islamabad:
Street No. 30, House No. 302, F-11/2, Islamabad.
Tel: 051-2298760, Fax: 051-2212084
Email: info@radioawaz.com.pk
3.2 Corporate Office Islamabad:
Street No. 9, House No. 19, G-8/1, Islamabad.
Tel: 051-2264710, 051-2262779, Fax: 051-2264782
Email: info@radioawaz.com.pk
3.3 Operational Head Office of Radio Awaz:
First Floor, DhakharPlaza, RehmanShaheed Road, Gujrat
Tel: 053-3606105,3607105 | Fax:053- 3700111
Email: info@radioawaz.com.pk

24. Pakistan Broadcast Family
 News
 National Broadcasting Service
 Programs
 Current Affairs Channel
 News
 IT Wing
It is one of the important Wing of PBC. Mission of the Programs wing is to entertain people through music
programs‚ features and plays. It educates people on social issues and problems. i.e. public service
programmers covering health‚ education‚ environment‚ population welfare‚ agriculture‚ special persons‚

25. rights of women‚ human rights‚ minorities and media freedom etc. It informs people about the policies‚
programmers and achievements of the government and disseminate viewpoint of opposition and other
stake holders on different issues.
EXTERNAL SERVICES:
External Services broadcast programmers for 8 hrs daily in 10 foreign languages covering Afghanistan‚
Iran‚ China‚ India‚ Bangladesh‚ Nepal & Sri Lanka.
News & Current Affairs Channel
PBC launched its News and Current Affairs Channel in November 2000. The channel was converted into
National Broadcasting Service in 2008 with current affairs contents mixed with entertainment and cultural
programmers.
The News & Current Affairs Channel was revived in 2013. Presently, NCAC broadcasts 13 hrs time
programs from 8.00 a.m to 9.00 pm daily from Islamabad and 8 hours daily from Provincial Headquarters.
Programmers: Breaking News‚ hourly News bulletins‚ live coverage of important events including press
conferences by government and opposition‚ talk shows‚ discussions/ interactive discussions‚ commentaries‚
interviews Live calls and on the spot coverage.
Network of News and Current Affairs Channel
Transmitter Frequency
Islamabad 1152 Khz
Lahore 1332 Khz
Karachi 639 Khz
Quetta 756 Khz
Peshawar 1170 Khz

26. News
MAJOR SOURCE OF NEWS DISSEMINATION IN THE COUNTRY
NEWS BULLETINS
Central News Organization is putting on air 123 news
bulletins / broadcasts of varied duration totaling 702
minutes in 29 languages daily.
These bulletins include National‚ Regional‚ External‚
Local/City‚ Sports‚ Business and Weather Reports
besides those headline bulletins prepared for National
Broadcasting Service (NBS).
REPORTING DESK
Central News Organization has a network of news gathering spread all over the country. In addition to
the Central Reporting Desk in Islamabad. We have correspondents at almost all the Radio Stations. In
addition‚ District Correspondents have been appointed in remote and far-flung areas of the four
provinces.
NEWS MONITORING
Central News Organization monitors 14 international Radio Channels and 10 T.V Networks of varied
duration totaling 9097 minutes in a day.
* A monitoring report is prepared every day in the morning for restricted circulation.
* Central News Organization also broadcasts resume of National Assembly and Senate during their
sessions.

27. NATIONAL BROADCSTING SERVICE
 This service was launched on 28, August, 2008.
 Seventeen hours daily transmission from 7 am to 12 midnight.
 NBS programs radiate from Islamabad, Peshawar, Lahore, Faisalabad, Bahawalpur, D.I. Khan,
Quetta, Zhob, Loralai, Turbat, Khuzdar, Hyderabad and Karachi.
 Provincial capital stations are producing one hour Program for this service but with the news
development determine the time slots.
ENGINEERING WING
The Engineering Wing is entrusted with the responsibility of providing technical support for transmission
services of PBC. The Wing has to manage operation and maintenance of all the Medium wave, Shortwave,
FM transmitters and studio equipment installed at stations all over the country. It has to provide program
production facilities at the Broadcasting Houses and ensure smooth and uninterrupted transmissions. Its
area of responsibilities also includes introduction of new technology, provision of modem equipment and
planning and execution of development projects for establishment of new transmitting facilities.

28. CHAPTER #3
BRANCHES WHERE I DID INTERNSHIP

29. BRANCHES WHERE I DID INTERNSHIP
4.1 News room
In first part of my internship I spent about two weeks in the newsroom. In news room I
collected information about how the process of collection and dissemination of news is carried out. By
the grace of Allah I was able to gain knowledge about every process that is carried out in the newsroom.
It is the place where all the news comes in from different sources such as reporters, correspondents,
online, fax, telephone etc. The main constituents of news room are
 Network of computers connected to high speed internet connection.
 Five to ten Televisions set for monitoring news.
 A fax machine for getting news items from different bureaus, reporters and correspondents.
 Telephone facility for getting calls on fresh news from reporters.
 A team of Anchors.
Assignment editor with deputy assignment editor for supporting his/her work governs the newsroom.
Assignment editor and sometimes deputy assignment editor assign the reporters daily work on different
beats. After covering the beats assigned they are sent to the assignment desk where they are processed
by the assignment editor and given final shape. The news sent by the reporter is edited and corrected
because the reporter makes on the spot necessary correction if it has something wrong.
After this process of correction and editing the news item is sent to the composer where the news is
composed on a computer system in a separate file where it gets saved. It is the case with monitored news,
in this process the news is collected from different television channels where they provide fresh news of
importance. The crew on the computer system notes downs the news being displayed on the monitoring
TV sets. They make news story from them and send it to the assignment editor where he makes necessary
correction or edit it.
The crews working on the computer system are sub editors they themselves make the news story from
different sources that is free of errors and credible. The same news from monitoring after final look is
sent to the composition stage, where its gets composed and saved. News items are also sent through Fax
machine from different locations and bureaus, the fax machine is active 24 hours a day. News items from
reporters and correspondents organizations etc. are received on fax machine. The news story or item
received on fax machine is a full story with all the editing done.

30. The assignment editor checks such story and sends it to the composition if it is of value and importance.
It is the case with news items received from telephone calls, but there is some difference between news
attains from telephone call and news attain from other ways. The news story is on oral foam and the
subeditor has to collect news from that person either reporter or some other source and write it down
on a page, afterwards he corrects and makes the story readable for the audience, he gives it a final shape
after making it based on the rule of Inverted pyramid style of News. The news is composed and saved as
well.
After all this process taking place in newsroom a bundle of news items are collected. The slug of these
news items are obtained and sent to the deputy assignment editor where he or she selects news based
on importance and value.
4.2 MONITORING
In the second stage of my internship program I spent Two week in the monitoring department or
section. As the name suggest, it a place where news is constantly monitored.
News from different
sources is monitored
and collected on
different devices
attach such as TV
sets with cable
connection on which
different foreign and
national channels
runs.
The news that is monitored and is important to be noted is captured on software, which saves the
footage directly on the computer system. After this VTR is some time used, VTR is a device, which is
called as video tape recorder, which is connected to a computer system by the help of which news item
of importance is recorded and catch in a DV. The monitoring room or section consists of a network of
few computers with software's installed for capturing news items. A computer system with FTP (File
transfer protocol) software to receive news footages or packages from different sources.
Different news organization or reporters etc sends their footages or coverings on this FTP system. Mostly
the footages captured are sent to the NLE section where they are edited and made necessary changes so
that the audio may look good to the audience.

31. Also In this section a crew of sub editors who edit the news footages or packages collected in the
monitoring section. In most cases reporters send their packages or footages on DV, which requires some
editing, and correction, which is also carried out, in this section of monitoring by the sub editors.
The software's used for editing purposes are:
 Adobe Premiere
 Ulead
In this ministering section as I was told that we are registered with Reuters for getting updated footages
of fresh and new events taking place all around the world. Reuters is paid on monthly basis some amount
for providing this facility.
This is one of the biggest sources of getting footages. Footage gets download on the system where the
Reuters have provided them with a system composed of equipment’s, and a 20 computer system with its
own software through which the file is downloaded and saved in a file or folder.
This is all what I gone through in the monitoring section.
4.3 NEWS PRODUCTION
In the 5th week of my internship program I worked in the News production section. This is one of the
important sections in a news channel. Production room is the place where all the news production takes
place. This is a task, which must be done with care and responsibility.
The main constituents of news
production are:
 A Producer

32.  Assistant producer
 An editor
 A text writer also an editor
 A technical engineer
 Technician
 Electrician
 The equipment’s used in the production room are
 An audio console
 A switcher
 ADT (video tape recorder)
 Computer system
 Three to four Mixer sets
The process of the news production starts when the composer prompts the news items. One printed copy
is given to the studio section to the anchor while the other copy is send to the production room. The
producer checks the news and rundown and asks the anchor to come and sit in the news studio for the
recording of news.
The producer takes the rundown and asks the anchor to read the news based on the rundown in
order so that it may be easy for the editor to grab the news items in quick time on the software such
as adobe premiere. The producer through a Mic connected to the anchor guide and tells him what
to do and what not.

33. In the news production the recording starts when the producer calls the anchor on the Mic get ready,
the anchor make himself ready after which the producer tell him standby and then Cue, with this cue
the anchor starts reading out news. The producer through a device called as console adjusts the
audio. Various devices are attached to the console such as anchor Mic headphone, telephone line for
beeper or call in between news. If occurs a pause it is noted as a pause. If there occurs repetition of
word or sentences he also note it down and if the producers thinks that the error is not that much
harming he forgives rerecording and corrects it in the editing process's f he things that the mistake
or the repetition is brutal he says that anchor to correct the error in order to be error free during
editing and to save time.
The producer told me that time and decision-making is very important thing you must be following
all the time. This is for the fact that at times we done have audio or such report to be added in detail
news we have to then thing what is the first available thing that we can add to it may be audio beeper
or some music that illustrate the story.
There is constant pressure on the producer in the newsroom because news is poured from the
newsroom and he gets record it in very concise time. In such situation the producer has to be patient
and cool minded to handle such deadlines and pressure. And it is the case with other mistakes. In
this way the news is recorded I the production room.

34. At times the producer asks the anchor to take a call from a reporter or correspondent on issue or
news item that need explanation. This is called as Beeper.
In the case of beeper a wire is plugged in the console where the voice of the telephone or beeper is
adjusted.
Most important here I may say that the news recording takes place in three steps such as:
4.1.1 Opening of News
In the opening of news the anchor introduces him and welcomes the audience for listen the news.
4.3.2 Headlines
In the headline section the anchor read outs all the headlines that are written on three or four pages.
4.3.3 Break in between news
A break is taken announcing will meet in a while after a short break.
4.3.4 Anchor Audio News
In this part of recording news audiences gets the anchor audio expressions take are being produced
with the help of anchor voice pitch and accent is been recorded by the sub editor in the production
room. These are simply the short headlines of the news item after which the details news are made.
4.3.5 Reports & Beeper
In the voice over section of news production the detail of the news is recorded, here it is not
necessary to look at the moments or behavior or the anchor, but the actual thing is the voice and its
fluency. It is because that the detail news is voiced by the reporter.
4.3.6 Closing of news
In the closing of the news the anchor thanks the audiences by saying for thank you for being with us
for this bulletin, and for further news stay with us, keep Listening FM 101 news.
4.3.7 Transmission Cell
In the transmission cell the main work is to air the news or programs. There is a crew compromising
of technical personals and a transmission engineer who looks after the whole transmission process.
News and programs are saved either in a Portable Storage Device, CD/DVD or shared on a network
drive which makes them easy for the transmission cell to collect them and air them though his system
that is installed in the transmission room. The transmitter in this room do all this work of transmitting
the signals where it reaches the place where it is collected and then again transmitted through cables
line or satellite connection.

35. Chapter # 4
ASSIGNED PROJECTS

36. 5 ASSIGNED PROJECTS
5.1 PRODUCTION OF NEWS
In the news production I worked in the night shift. I was allowed to record and produce news after
one week training in the production section. I started working as a internee producer and worked
well by the grace of Allah. I followed the same process as was followed by the senior producers. I
worked so well that I was asked to do the production of news in night shift with full trust. For the
production I made a template for noting mistakes in the news. As given below in the recommendation
section.
5.2 NEWS WRITING
In the internship process I worked as writing news for the newsroom, the assignment editor assigned
this work to me. In this part of my internship program I got training in this regard. After training from
the senior personnel in the newsroom by the grace of Allah and hard work of the senior personal I
was able to write news in the first attempt. As I studied in my course work that news must be short,
objective and based on the inverted pyramid rule of writing, the same I was told here by the senior
news writers. The news story is based on three main parts including: Slug Lead or intro Body and
ending the news story on a page must be having a dateline as well byline written to specify who
actually wrote it.
In the news writing part of my internship I write Urdu news and English flash news single line or in
short form.
5.3 EDITING AND SUBEDITING
In the training part of internship I also worked to edit the news in the newsroom. News was written
down by the news writers and was send to me for correction purpose. I checked the news for
correctness, accuracy, spelling mistakes, and objectivity.

37. If there were some mistake in the tense form of the news such as some news were ended in past,
which I corrected and changed them into present form.
Such cases were very less but few of them that I noted were corrected immediately.
5.4 NEWS MONITORING
In the further stage of training and internship program I worked in the monitoring section. In
monitoring section I worked on the FTP system where different reporters from different areas sent
different Text and Audio. Different news channels also sent many times some important news
reports. I would look at the news coming in the FTP and save them in the system. After which I would
share on the network for editing or voice over purpose. The files would then use in the news.
5.5 Observation and Findings
As I entered FM 101 for the first time, which was my first day, I observed the organization as a
professional environment for working. I was welcomed by the members of FM 101 and they told me
you wouldn't have any problem in FM 101, enjoy your stay with us.
This really helped me in getting to the environment of the organization. As the time passed I met
with almost all the peoples working within the organization I was also welcome by them. I found each
and every member of the organization friendly and cooperative. Whenever and whatever I asked
from any one they briefed me very well and make me understood on each and everything taking
place in the organization.

38. CHAPTER # 6
CONCLUSIONS

39. 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION FOR IMPROVEMENT
I had worked for about two months in various departments of Radio FM 101. By the grace of Allah
and hard work of my supervisor and other persons I have learnt a lot of things related to the field of
media. I am now able to make news items in Punjabi, Urdu and English, I am very thankful to the
Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad Mass Communication Department management and staff
for giving me such high quality education, which enables me, feel easy in practical environment. Now
as I have the practical experience of the media sector and its operations, so I can apply for the
relevant jobs without hesitation.
During the internship period I came across some recommendation which I think can and will improve
the overall performance of the employees within the organization that is the different sections of the
organization shave to develop a fast mechanism of treating, capturing and editing of news.
During my internship period I recommend the production in charge to make a format for the
producers on which they will note down the order of the news, which Takes.
He really appreciated my observations and told me that I have approved this format and now we will
follow this one to have less wastage of time in writing the numbers and drawing lines.
7 Resources and Sources Used
http://www.radio.gov.pk/
http://www.radioawaz.com.pk
www.Google.com
Radio Pakistan Faisalabad