2. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
3. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
4. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
1
xdx ln x, x 0
5. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
1
xdx ln x, x 0
6. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
1
xdx ln x, x 0
1
e ax dx e ax , a 0
a
7. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
1
xdx ln x, x 0
1
e ax dx e ax , a 0
a
1
cos ax dx sin ax, a 0
a
8. Integration Using
Substitution
Try to convert the integral into a “standard integral”
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1 n 1
x dx x , n 1; x 0, if n 0
n
n 1
1
xdx ln x, x 0
1
e ax dx e ax , a 0
a
1
cos ax dx sin ax, a 0
a
1
sin ax dx cos ax, a 0
a
10. 1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx sec ax, a 0
a
11. 1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx sec ax, a 0
a
1 1 1 x
a 2 x 2 dx tan
a a
, a0
12. 1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx sec ax, a 0
a
1 1 1 x
a 2 x 2 dx tan
a a
, a0
1 x
a 2 x 2 dx sin 1 , a 0, a x a
a
13. 1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx sec ax, a 0
a
1 1 1 x
a 2 x 2 dx tan
a a
, a0
1 x
a 2 x 2 dx sin 1 , a 0, a x a
a
1
x 2 a 2 dx
ln x x 2 a 2 , x a 0
14. 1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx sec ax, a 0
a
1 1 1 x
a 2 x 2 dx tan
a a
, a0
1 x
a 2 x 2 dx sin 1 , a 0, a x a
a
1
x 2 a 2 dx
ln x x 2 a 2 , x a 0
1
x a
2 2
dx
ln x x 2 a 2
18. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx u x2 4
du 2 xdx
u
19. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx u x2 4
1 du 2 xdx
du u
2
20. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx 1 2 x x 2 4dx
2 u x2 4
1 1 2
1 du 2 xdx
2
du u u du
2
21. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx 1 2 x x 2 4dx
2 u x2 4
1 1 2
1 du 2 xdx
2
du u u du
2
3
1 2 2
u c
2 3
22. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx 1 2 x x 2 4dx
2 u x2 4
1 1 2
1 du 2 xdx
2
du u u du
2
3
1 2 2
u c
2 3
3
1 2
u c
3
23. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx 1 2 x x 2 4dx
2 u x2 4
1 1 2
1 du 2 xdx
2
du u u du
2
3
1 2 2
u c
2 3
3
1 2
u c
3
x 4 2 c
3
1 2
3
24. e.g. (i) x x 2 4dx 1 2 x x 2 4dx
2 u x2 4
1 1 2
1 du 2 xdx
2
du u u du
2
3
1 2 2
u c
2 3
3
1 2
u c
3
x 4 2 c
3
1 2
3
x 4 x 2 4 c
1 2
3
26. x 1
ii dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
27. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
28. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
29. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
30. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
dx
iii
xlog x
3
31. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
dx
iii u log x
xlog x
3
dx
du
x
32. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
dx du
iii 3 u log x
xlog x
3
u
dx
u du
3
du
x
33. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x 2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
dx du
iii 3 u log x
xlog x
3
u
dx
u du
3
du
x
1 2
u c
2
1
2 c
2u
34. x 1 1 du
ii
8 u
dx u 4x 2 8x 7
4 x 8x 7
2
du 8 x 8dx
1
log u c
8
log4 x 2 8 x 7 c
1
8
dx du
iii 3 u log x
xlog x
3
u
dx
u du
3
du
x
1 2
u c
2
1
2 c
2u
1
c
2log x
2
36. x
iv dx x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x
dx 2udu
37. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
dx 2udu
38. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
39. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
1 u3 u c
2
3
40. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
1 u3 u c
2
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
41. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3
42. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx
3
43. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u sin x
3
du cos xdx
44. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u sin x x , u sin
3 3
3
du cos xdx
3
u
2
45. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u sin x x , u sin
3 3
3
du cos xdx
3
u
2
x , u sin
2 2
u 1
46. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3 1
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u 5 du u sin x x , u sin
3 3
3 2
3
du cos xdx
3
u
2
x , u sin
2 2
u 1
47. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3 1
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u 5 du u sin x x , u sin
3 3
3 2
3
du cos xdx
3
u 3
1 61 u
2
6 2
x , u sin
2 2
u 1
48. x 1 u2
iv dx 2udu x 1 u2 u 1 x
1 x u
2 u 2 1du dx 2udu
2 1 u3 u c
3
1 x 2 1 x c
2 3
3
2
1 x 1 x 2 1 x c
3 1
2
v sin 5 x cos xdx u 5 du u sin x x , u sin
3 3
3 2
3
du cos xdx
3
u 3
1 61 u
2
6
1 6 2 3 6
1 x , u sin
6 2 2
2 u 1
37
56. 5
x
vii 25 x dx
2 1
x 5 sin u u sin
0
5
dx 5 cos udu
57. 5
x
vii 25 x dx
2
x 5 sin u u sin 1
0
5
dx 5 cos udu
x 0, u sin 1 0
u0
x 5, u sin 1 1
u
2
58.
5 2
x
vii 25 x dx
2
25 25 sin u 5 cos udu x 5 sin u u sin
2 1
0 0
5
dx 5 cos udu
x 0, u sin 1 0
u0
x 5, u sin 1 1
u
2
59.
5 2
x
vii 25 x dx 25 25 sin u 5 cos udu x 5 sin u u sin
2 2 1
0 0
5
2 dx 5 cos udu
25 cos u 5 cos udu
2
0
x 0, u sin 1 0
u0
2
25 cos 2 udu x 5, u sin 1 1
0
u
2
60.
5 2
x
vii 25 x dx 25 25 sin u 5 cos udu x 5 sin u u sin
2 2 1
0 0
5
2 dx 5 cos udu
25 cos u 5 cos udu
2
0
x 0, u sin 1 0
u0
2
25 cos 2 udu x 5, u sin 1 1
0
2
u
25 2
1 cos 2u du
2 0
25 1 2
u sin 2u
2 2 0
61.
5 2
x
vii 25 x dx 25 25 sin u 5 cos udu x 5 sin u u sin
2 2 1
0 0
5
2 dx 5 cos udu
25 cos u 5 cos udu
2
0
x 0, u sin 1 0
u0
2
25 cos 2 udu x 5, u sin 1 1
0
2
u
25 2
1 cos 2u du
2 0
25 1 2
u sin 2u
2 2 0
25 1
sin 0
2 2 2
25
4