WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT

1. K.K. Environment Solutions
(Promise for Healthy Environment)
Presented By: Nirmal Kumar

2. Content:
 Introduction - CETP
 Objectives
 Type of Effluent – (Industry Introduction)
 Description
 Plant Design
 Chemical dosing
 Application of CETP
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
The main purpose of CETP is to reduce the treatment cost of
effluent, release by group of Industries and easy monitoring.
The concept of Common Effluent Treatment Plant is to treat
the same type of effluent generate from cluster of industries.
It’s effective method to achieve the standard parameters (pH
BOD, COD, TSS, TDS and O&G) to improve the quality of
effluent.

4. Objective
Objective of CETP is to collect the effluent, treat using
physical, chemical and biological methods then discharge
in separate draining system or reuse.

5. Type of Effluent- (Industry Introduction)
Tanning is the process where is Leather processed using
hide of Animals.
Tannery are the pollution intensive industries which
generate high strength waste water contain hazardous
pollutant like heavy metals, Toxic chemicals, chloride,
Lime, Organic waste and others.

6.  Desalting: Removal of salt
 Soaking: Hide are soaked in clean water for moisture and
remove salt
 Liming: For Unhairing, Removal of Blood and Mucous
 Deliming: Removal of Lime & some remaining hairs
 Pickling: For maintain the pH
 Chrome Tanning: For tanning or For preparing Wet blue
 Re-chroming: If improper chroming
 Fat Liquoring: For moisture and softness
 Neutralize: To adjust pH 4.5-6.5
 Dyeing: Dye using desired color
In Tannery Leather is processed using various steps -

7. Soak
Liquor
• Salt Evaporation
System
Chrome
Liquor
• Chrome
Recovery Plant
Fat
Liquor
• Primary Effluent
Treatment Plant
Tannery
Effluent
generate
from
tanneries
and their
treatment
method

8. Treatment of Effluent generate from
Tannery Industry:
Generally CETP’s treat the effluent generated by member
industries after their primary treatment.
So industries have their own primary effluent treatment
Plant and Chrome Recovery Plant.

9. Soaking
Liquor Fat Liquor
Chrome
Liquor
Primary
Treatment
Plant
Chrome
Recovery Plant
Tannery
Collection Tank
Secondary Treatment
Tertiary Treatment
Flow Chart of Common effluent treatment Plant for Tanneries
Salt
Evaporation

10. Chrome Tanning
Basic Chromium Sulfate are use in chrome tanning of
leather. It stabilize the leather by cross linking the collagen
fibers.
Chrome tanned hide are blue so its called wet blue.
Chrome tanning is faster than vegetable tanning and
build stretchable leather.
Tanning provide a surface area to Raw hide for other
reaction.
After complete the process chrome should be recover if
remain then it form harmful chromium.

11. Spent Chrome liquor
collection tank
Reaction
Tank
Precipitated chrome
Chrome
Recovery
Tank
Recovered
Chrome storage
Tank
Conc.
H2SO4
MgO
Supernatant
Chrome Recovery Plant
BCS

12. Description of chrome recovery plant:
 Spent Chrome liquor store in collection tank which pH
approx 4-5.
 Reaction Tank- In this introduce the effluent and
increase the pH up to 7-8 using Magnesium oxide
dosing for reaction. MgO also sediment the chrome.
 Chrome recovery tank- In this precipitated chrome store
and dosing of conc. H2SO4 to minimize pH 2-3.

13. CETP ( Common Effluent Treatment Plant)
This Plant Designed for collection and treatment of effluent
from tannery industries.
In tanneries the effluent release after primary treatment and
Chrome Recovery because tanneries produce highly polluted
effluent which contain toxic chemicals (chrome) and other
waste which is hazardous for the environment.

14. Inlet
Bar Screen
FOG
Equalization
Tank
Lime
Alum
Polyelectrolyte
Primary
Clarifier
Aeration
Tank I
Secondary
ClarifierAeration Tank IITertiary
Clarifier
Balance Tank
ACF PSF
Discharge
Chemical
dosing
Outlet
CETP

15. Description of ETP process-
Primary Treatment:
Screen- Screens are use for removal of floating matter from
effluent in primary treatment.
Oil & Grease- Designed for removal of oil and Grease
floating on a liquid surface.
Equalization tank- Its main function is to act as buffer
(resist change in pH) and make effluent homogeneous by
mixing.

16. Secondary treatment:
Clarifier- Settling of suspended solids is done using gravity
in clarifier.
Aeration- Air provide to effluent for bacterial growth to
degrade the organic waste and sediment in clarifier.
Balance Tank- Minimize the fluctuation of effluent and
ready for filter.

17. PSF (Pressure Sand Filter)
 Work on principle Porosity which remove suspended solids
 Reduced BOD & COD 5-8%
ACF (Activated Carbon Filter)
 Work on Principle of Catenation (Bonding of atoms).
 Carbon adsorb atoms like nitrogen, ammonia, hydrogen and
other present in effluent.
 Purpose is to Remove Color and odor
 BOD & COD reduced 10-13.5%
Tertiary Treatment based on Filter:

18. Parameter of effluent generate from tanneries
SL
No.
Parameter Inlet (mg/L) Outlet (mg/L)
1. pH 8 6-9
2. TSS 8.5 100
3. BOD 500 30
4. COD 400-700 250
5. O&G 100 10
6. Total Cr 20 2.0
7. TDS 7100 2100

19. For installing 100 KLD Plant :
Retention Time (RT): Time taken to complete a process
Hydraulic Retention Time ( HRT): The time required to be
perform the reaction in tank.
Rate of Aeration = 0.75 × Plant Capacity
= 0.75 × 100
= 100 m3/ hrs.
Tank capacity = (Plant capacity / RT) × HRT
= (100/ 12) ×8
= 133.33 m3

20. Filter diameter = Plant capacity / RT
= 100 / 12 ….. .. eqn I
= 1200
= Diameter / 16
= 1200/ 16 …... eqn II
= 75 m3/ hrs.
If circular = 75/ (п/4)
= √96m3
=9.7 × 1000
=9700 m3/ hrs.
Flow Rate = 100 / RT m3/hrs.
Rate of Mixing or agitation = Plant capacity × 0.45

21. Chemical Dosing Parameter for CETP
 Lime = 0.25 Kg/ KL (135 drop/min)
 Alum = 0.75 Kg/ KL ( 135 drop/min)
 MGO = 90 drops/min
 Polly Aluminum Chloride = 135 drop/min
 Polyelectrolyte = 90 drop/min
 H2SO4 = 30 drops/min
 MLSS = 2500-3000 mg/L
 F/M ( Food to Mass) = 0.28 mg/L

22. Application of CETP for Tanneries
 Cost effective for the industry
 Combined effluent from all tanneries are brought at a
place to better treatment
 Easily control the Pollution
 Easy monitoring for tanneries

23. Conclusion
Above study conclude that CETP is better option to reduce
the pollution from group of industries where same product
are produce from all industry at a specified place. This
Method is adopted by the government pollution control
board for easily achieve the Standard parameter of treated
effluent like pH, TSS, TDS, COD, BOD and others. And
then allow to discharge in the environment and reuse for
industrial purpose.

24. THANK
YOU…