The document describes the analytical equipment available at a central lab unit, including various types of spectroscopy and chromatography instruments for analyzing metals, organic compounds, and other substances. Specifically, it mentions atomic absorption spectrometers, gas chromatographs, high performance liquid chromatography, spectrofluorometers, UV/Vis spectrophotometers, ICP-MS, XRD, and other instruments and their applications in environmental, food, and biological analysis.

1. Central Lab Unit “ Central Lab Unit” The greatest reason to do your research

2. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer Shimadzu AA6800 وحدة جهاز الإمتصاص الذرى Shimadzu AAS Flame AAS, Graphite AAS, Hydride AAS, Cold Vapor for Hg – AAS.

3. Applications: Flame unit (FAAS): is considered as the most versatile tool for determination of heavy metals in different compartments of liquid solutions, sediment, soil and different organisms with detectable concentrations (ppm). Air-acetylene used for Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, Bi, Sn, Cd, Pb Air-N2O used for Al, V, Sn. Graphite furnace unit (GFAAS): used for analysis of heavy metals at extremely low detection limits (ppb). GFAAS high density Bi, Cd, Mg, Pb, Zn GFAAS Pyrolytic tube Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, Sn, Ti, V. Hydride generation unit (HGAAS): utilizes a chemical reduction to reduce and separate metalloids (e.g. As, Se, Bi). This technique has therefore the advantage of being able to isolate these elements from complex samples which may cause interferences for other analytical procedures. Mercury analyzer utilizes in determination of Hg in different environmental or waste samples at very low detection limit (ppb).

4. Gas Chromatograph HP5890 II FID/ECD Series II (5890) USA Column: HP-1 HP-5 Detectors: GC/FID GC/ECD GC is provided with Electron capture detector for determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons i.e. organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pestcides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and flame ionization detector for determination of different hydrocarbon fractions i.e. aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Applications :

5. Gas Chromatograph GC Trace GC Ultra Columns and applications for GC (Trace GC Ultra) 1-TR – V1 GC column (30 m x 0.25 mm ID, 1.4µm film). 2-THERMO TR – 1MS. 3-THERMO TR – 50MS. 4-THERMO TR – 35MS. 5-THERMO TR – FAME. 6-THERMO TR – 5MS. 7-THERMO TR – 1701. 8-THERMO TR – Wax MS. Detectors : FID / ECD / TCD / NPD GC is provided with Electron capture detector for determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons i.e. organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pestcides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and flame ionization detector for determination of different hydrocarbon fractions i.e. aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Applications:

6. Applications of different columns used for GC and GC/MS

7. Acids, Alcohols, Alcohols in Beverages, Aldehydes, Alditol Acetates ( sugars ), Amines – aliphatic, Amines – Aromatic, Essential oils, Herbicides, Ketones, Nitroaromatics, Phenols, Solvents, xylenes TR – Wax MS 8 Chlorinated Aromatics, Herbicides, Ketones, Nitroaromatics, Organochlorine pesticides, PAHs, Pesticides, pyrethroids TR - 1701 7 Antidepressants, Brominated flame Retardants, Butterfat, Cigarette lighter fuel, Chlorinated Aromatics, Dioxins, Herbicides, Nitroaromatics, Organochlorine pesticides, Organoohosphorous pesticides, PAHs, Paraffins, PCBs, Phenols, Phthalates, Plant sterols, Polywax, Pyrethroids, Sedatives, Semivolatiles, Terpenes, Triglycerides, TRPH, Volatiles, xylenes TR – 5MS 6 Alditol Acetates ( sugars ), Fames, ketones TR - FAME 5 Herbicides, Nitroaromatics, Organochlorine pesticides, Organophosphorous pesticides, PAHs Phenols, Plant sterols, Pyrethroids, sedatives TR – 35MS 4 Dioxins, Herbicides, Ketones, Nitroaromatics, Organochlorine pesticides, Organophosphorous , pesticides, PAHs, Plant sterols, pyrethroids TR – 50MS 3 Chlorinated Aromatics, Organochlorine pesticides, Organophosphorous pesticides, PAHs Paraffins, Phthalates, Polymers, Polywax, Pyrethroids, Semivolatiles, TRPH TR – 1MS 2 Alcohols, Alcohols in Beverages, Amines – aliphatic, Amines – aromatic, Cigarette lighter fuel, Ketones, Monomers, Solvents, volatiles TR – V1 1 Application Name of column No

8. Gas Chromatograph GC Trace GC Ultra Columns and applications for GC (Trace GC Ultra) TR – V1 GC column (30 m x 0.25 mm ID, 1.4µm film). 1-THERMO TR – 1MS. 2-THERMO TR – 50MS. 3-THERMO TR – 35MS. 4-THERMO TR – FAME. 5-THERMO TR – 5MS. 6-THERMO TR – 1701. 7-THERMO TR – Wax MS. Detectors : FID / ECD / TCD / NPD Applications : GC is provided with Electron capture detector for determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons i.e. organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pestcides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and flame ionization detector for determination of different hydrocarbon fractions i.e. aliphatic and aromatic compounds.

9. High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC, Aiglent, USA Applications: HPLC consists of pumping of mobile phase (liquid), C18-column. It provided with photodiode UV detector. It is used for determination bulky organic compounds. Pyridine, Phenol, Sulfonamides, Urea Pesticides, Proteins and peptides, Antihistamines, Alkylphenone, Steroids.

10. Spectrofluorometer Sequoia – Turner 450, USA Applications: It consists of filters: excitation filter at 360nm and emission filter at 410nm. The fluorescence is measured between these filters. This instrument used as a semi-quantitative tool for determination of total content of petroleum hydrocarbons. In addition to total amino acids, chlorophyll and total proteins.

11. UV/V Spectrophotometer Analytikjena Spekol 1300 Applications: It is used in the determination of the concentrations of different components in a wide range of wave length including visible light and ultraviolet ray. It is also used in defining the maximum of the different components. This unit is used for the analysis of different inorganic parameters: Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Silicate, Chlorophyll, Amino acids and Protein.

12. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry ICP-MS (Varian) Applications: Measurements of heavy metals in water and wastewater samples. Measurements of heavy metals in sludge and soil samples after acid digestion.

13. X – Ray Diffraction (XRD) Phillips XRD PW /830 / 40 Applications: It is used to identify and determine the concentrations of Clays and minerals in solid samples .

14. Ultracentrifuge Biofuge Primo ( T hermo) Applications: Model-Discovery 100TM, Maximum centrifuge force 802.006xg (With T-8100 rotor). The ultracentrifuge is used in separation of molecules and sub cellular organelles in the biotechnology research field.

15. Freeze – Dryer Applications: Drying of the aqueous extracts of some food products such as proteins, phenolic extracts and others. Drying of fruit and vegetable juices. Drying of aqueous emulsions used in food products.

16. FTIR Spectrometer Applications: This instrument is mainly used to study the molecular structure of materials. Any type of materials such as solid, liquid or gas can by analyzed using this instrument.

17. Nitrogen Content Tester Kjeldahl Raypa DNP 1500 Applications: It used for the determination of total organic nitrogen content in different samples .

18. X-Ray Crystallography Applications: Determination of the 3-dimensional molecular structure of compounds in the form of single crystal (organic, inorganic, organomettalic, natural products and pharmaceutical compounds.

19. Cooling Centrifuge Applications: Continuous separation of filtrate materials and homogenate of different biological samples and cells from culture filtrate.

20. Microwave Digestion Applications: Used for digestions of heavy metals from sediment, soil and biota samples.

21. Shaker Incubator Used for Microbiological. extraction by shaking. Applications:

22. Electrical Shaker/Heater Applications: As extraction unit needs heating and shaking.

23. Autoclave For sterilization of glass wares used for microbiological studies. Applications:

24. Circulating Water Bath Applications: Used for solvent extractions different environmental samples.

25. Salinometer Applications: Used for determination of the salinity of different water samples.

26. Rotary Evaporator Applications: Used for concentrating different organic parameters under reduced pressure with elevated temperatures. Extraction and evaporation of different plant and animal extraction.

27. Water Mono Distiller Basic / PH4 Applications: Used for obtaining distilled water used for different chemical analysis.

28. Drying Oven (Model DX302, Yamato) Applications: Used for drying of sediment samples, glass wares up to 300 o C.

29. Muffle furnace (Type 1300 Barnstead) Thermolyne 1400 Applications: Determination of ash content.

30. Sonnicator (Crest) Applications: Extraction of different organic compounds as petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls.

31. Hotplate/Magnetic stirrer (Germany) RE1

32. Balances Balance 0.01g, 0.0001g, Balance 0.00001g Sartorious CP 224S

33. Amino Acid Analyzer (Dionex) Applications: Determination of different amino acids in environmental and biological samples .

34. Auto analyzer Applicable sea water and waste water Applications : Phosphate in water and sea water, total P in persulfated or kjeldale digests. Nitrate in water and sea water. Ammonia in water and sea water. Nitrate and nitrite in water and sea water, total nitrogen in per sulfate digests. silicate in water and sea water. Can be used in determination of total hardness in water (Ca and Mg).