The document discusses gender sensitivity issues and women empowerment in India. It covers topics like the definition of gender and gender sensitivity, gender disparities in different fields, and issues like sexual harassment. It notes that 54% of sexual harassment cases in India occurred in workplaces from 2014-2017. It discusses the historical roles of men and women in society and theories around differences in male and female communication styles. It outlines objectives to address gender sensitivity issues through approaches like skill-building for communication and patient-centered care. The document also discusses women empowerment, related policies and schemes in India, and the steady changes over time in women's status and position in society.
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Gender sensitive issue and woman empowerment
1. PRESENTED BY:
MS. NIKETA JOSEPH
M.Sc. NURSING PREVIOUS
YEAR
CHOITHRAM COLLEGE OF
NURSING, INDORE
GENDER SENSITIVE ISSUE AND
WOMAN EMPOWERMENT
2. GENDER:
“Gender” refers to the
socially constructed roles,
behaviors, activities, and
attributes that a given
society considers
appropriate for men and
women.
3. GENDER SENSITIVITY:
An approach that considers the presence
of social, cultural, economic and political
inequalities that may exist between men
and women.
4.
5. THE ISSUES
A. Male and female communication styles are
often different and pose challenge to
different gender, nurse patient encounters.
6. B. Literature about female and male
physician differences in practice pattern and
attitude reveals differences.
7.
8. C. Gender disparities in clinical decision making
and medical search have recently been reported.
9. D. Sexual harassment of female patients by male
nurses incidence has been topic of ethical
discussions for generations. More recent evidence
indicates sexual harassment of female nurses by
male patients.
10. #MeTooIndia: 54% Rise In Sexual Harassment
Reported At Workplaces Between 2014-17
Eg. Tanushree Dutta’s case(2008)
12. Section 354A of the Indian Penal Code (IPC)
deals with offences related to sexual
harassment, which includes,
physical contact,
unwelcome and explicit sexual overtures,
demand or request for sexual favours,
showing pornography to a woman against her
will and making sexually coloured remarks.
13. WHY WOMEN ARE AFRAID TO SPEAK UP?
70% women said they did not report sexual
harassment by superiors because they feared the
repercussions.
“Women may not know where to go to report
harassment or it could be that the cases may not
have been dealt with sincerely. Often, women go
to committees believing them to be independent,
and find that they are actually puppets in the
hands of their superiors.” - Anagha Sarpotdar, a
researcher working on sexual harassment.
14. Then the ministry of women and child development has set
up what it calls the Sexual Harassment electronic–Box
(SHe-Box), an online complaint system for registration of
complaints related to sexual harassment at workplace. This
can be used by employees of government and private
sectors.
15. II. THE THEORY:
Men and women in the world grow up in different
cultures.
Men tend to have played
in large groups as
children, with winners
and losers, elaborate
rules and clear hierarchy
of power relationship.
Women tend to grow up
playing in small groups
or pairs, in games that
did not involve winning
and losing and with
communications and talk
16. There are so many women in medicine today,
patients now have choice about gender of
physicians.
Female patients frequently report that they
want physician who will listen to their stories,
understanding them and treat them in context
of human, personal relationship.
17. III. AN APPROACH:
a) Skill that
facilitate
communication.
Understanding some
of potential
differences in male-
female
communications styles
are helpful.
19. Let patient tell her story uninterrupted.
Try to understand her in her own context.
Realize that telling story is partially therapeutic.
A physician does not have all the answers.
Involve patients in decision making.
Be sensitive to psychosocial issues and stressors.
Becomes familiar with community resources that can
assist in long term management of common psychosocial
problems.
20. d) Be sure of
standard health
maintenance and
preventive
procedures as
followed.
21. MALES IN NURSING:
To address current nursing
shortage and demand for
qualified nurses, the health
care industry is hiring both
male and female nurses.
Male nursing is becoming
more and more popular
many opportunities and are
getting good salaries.
22. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE:
When the world’s first nursing school was opened in
India in 250 B.C; only men were considered pure
enough to be nurses. Nursing was mainly done by
males during the Byzantine Empire.
23. INCREASING NUMBER OF
MALE NURSES:
Study after study demonstrates that men
come to the nursing profession for the
same reasons that women do. They want
to care for sick and injured people. They
want a challenging profession and they
want reasonable job security with good
wages.
26. • Current sex ratio in India is 945 females for every 1000
males.
Current demographic profile of India
Total Indian population: - 1.34 billion
Female: - 65.2 crore
Males: -
69.6 crore
27. PLACE OF WOMEN IN THE INDIAN
SOCIETY: -A(culture) historical perspective:
28. OBJECTIVES OF GENDER SENSITIVITY
ISSUE
To reduce barrier in developing personal and
economic success created by sexism.
To generate respect for individuals regardless
of sex.
29. Gender sensitivity issues are arising in
India is as follow: -
1. Inequality in
healthcare
2. Inequality in access
to education
36. WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
“If you educate a man; you educate a
man.
If you educate a woman; you educate
a Generation.”
– BRIGHAM YOUNG
37.
38.
39. The term “empowerment of women” refers to the
process of providing power to women to become
free from the control of others, that is, to assume
power to control her own life and to determine her
own conditions.
43. The principle of gender equality
in the Indian constitution in its
preamble, fundamental rights,
fundamental duties and
directive principles. The
constitution not only grants
equality to women, but also
empowers the state to adopt
measures of positive
discrimination on favour of
women.
44. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES:
Creating an environment
through positive economic
and social policies for full
development of women to
enable them to realize their
full potential.
The enjoyment of all human
rights and fundamental
freedom by women on equal
basis with men in all spheres
political, economic, social,
cultural and civil.
46. Elimination of all forms of discrimination against
women. Like violence against women and the girl
child.
Changing societal attitudes and community
practices for both men and women.
47. POLICY PRESCRIPTIONS:
Judicial legal system: Decision making
Women’s equality in power
sharing and active
participation in decision
making and all areas.
48. Poverty eradication
Women and Economy
ECONO
MIC
EMPOW
ERMEN
T OF
WOME
N
Steps should be taken for
mobilization of poor women
and convergence of services, by
offering them a range of
economic and social options,
along with necessary support
measures to enhance their
capabilities.
Women’s perspective
should be included in
designing and implementing
macro economic and social
policies
49. Women and Industry
The important role played by the women in
electronics, information technology, food
processing, agro industries and textiles has
been crucial to the development of these
sectors.
51. Gender ViolenceNutrition
focused attention would be paid to
meet the nutritional needs of women at
all stages of the life cycle. This is the
important view the health of adolescent
girls, pregnant and lactating women
with the health of infant and young
children.
52. Women Empowerment
Organizations(WEO)
Women empowerment organization is a nongovernmental,
voluntary and independent organization, established in
June, 2004 which works Erbil, Iraqi to consolidate
women’s role and ability in the Iraqi community through
enhancing their political, economic and cultural
participation. WEO holds training, seminars, conferences
and workshops that foster and exchange of information
and experience among national, regional and
international human rights movements.
53. WOMEN STATUS:
Women status in India is low,
Their literacy is low,
Mortality level is high and
Social disparities and gender biases are too many which
put them at risk.
Information to women is low and,
Schooling is low,
Most maternal death occurs in economically weaker
sections, illiterate and poor families.
54. The right to work
the same employment
opportunities
to equal
value
treatment
to social security in
case of
retirement,unemploy
ment,sickness,invali
dity and old age
to free choice of
profession
,promotion, job
security
to protection of
health,to safety in
working
conditions
Gender is what a person identifies himself or herself as.
1. Women more often work part time, in groups, in salaried positions and in urban areas then men and overall work fewer hours per week.
2. Women physicians tend to see fewer patients, spend more time per patient, and care for a great percentage of female patients than do men physician.
Women physician make less money and tend to be more satisfied with their incomes than men physicians.
Women make more gynecologic and reproductive health diagnosis and more diagnosis related to endocrine problems and psychosocial issues.
Women perform fewer complex procedures and feel less prepared in surgical areas.
Evidence that women complaint for dizziness, headache , back pain ,chest pain and fatigue as men’s similar complaints.
Differences in treatment of serious illness such as coronary artery disease, end stage renal disease and lung cancer reveal that male patients overall receive significant intervention more frequently than women.
More than 75% of female nurses response to recent survey indicated some experience with sexual harassment by male patients at some time during teaching or practice.
Female patients frequently report that they want physician who will listen to their stories, understanding them and treat them in context of human, personal relationship.
Nurses that are male and nursing schools for men were common in the United States until the early 1900s. On the other hand unpaid nursing has been exclusively the province of women from cradle to grave. From “nursing” their babies, children and taking care of their parents in old age, women perform 99% of the nursing done most rapidly. This is true the world over where are allowed medical attention.
GENDER EQUALITY: - It refers to equal enjoyment by women and men of socially valued goods, opportunities, resources or rewards.
It does not men sameness. Men and women are different both physiologically and psychologically.
political,economic,social,cultural,and civil, women health care, equal education at all levels, career and vocational guidance, employment , equal remuneration, occupational health and safety, social security and public office etc.
Judicial legal system: It should not be made more responsive and gender sensitive to women’s needs, especially in cases of domestic violence and personal assault. New laws should be enacted and existing laws reviewed to ensure that justice is quick and the punishment is out to the culprits is commensurate with the severity of the offence.
Decision making Women’s equality in power sharing and active participation in decision making and all areas.
Women and Industry
The important role played by the women in electronics, information technology, food processing, agro industries and textiles has been crucial to the development of these sectors. They should be given comprehensive support in terms of labour legislation, social security and other support services to participate in various industrial sectors.
Equal access to education for women and girls will be ensured. Special measures should be taken to eliminate discrimination, universalize education, eradicate illiteracy create an gender sensitive educational system, increase enrolment and retention rates of girls and improve the quality of education to facilitate lifelong learning as well as development of occupation, vocation, technical skills by women.
Health
A holistic approach to women’s health which includes both nutrition and health services should be adopted and special attention should be given to the needs of women and the life cycle. The reduction of infant mortality and mortality, which are sensitive indicators of human development, is a priority concern.
Nutrition
In view of the high risk of malnutrition and diseases that women face at all three critical stages i.e. infancy, and childhood, adolescent and reproductive phase, focused attention would be paid to meet the nutritional needs of women at all stages of the life cycle. This is the important view the health of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women with the health of infant and young children.
