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HEARING
SOUNDS AT HUMAN LEVEL  (FREQUENCIES)   The human ear recognizes frequencies between 20 to 20,000 Hz as sounds. All frequencies below 20 Hz we call ' infrasounds ' , and all frequencies above 20 kHz ' ultrasounds '.  Not all animal ears work within the same frequency range. The mole rat ear perceives sounds 2 octaves below the lower limit of the human ear (below 10 Hz). On the other hand, a dog or a cat ear is able to perceive sounds 1 octave above the human frequency range (40 kHz), and a bat ear may react to sounds 3 octaves above that which we can hear (up to 160 Kz).
SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL   ,[object Object]
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE EAR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE OUTER (EXTERNAL) EAR   ,[object Object],[object Object]
MIDDLE EAR   ,[object Object]
MIDDLE EAR ,[object Object]
THE INNER EAR  ( COCHLEA )   ,[object Object]
Cross section of one single turn of the cochlea ,[object Object]
The organ of Corti ,[object Object]
HAIR CELLS ,[object Object]
lower - higher frequency ,[object Object]
RECEPTOR POTENTIAL   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RECEPTOR POTENTIAL   ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
RELEASE OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMITTER   ,[object Object]
AUDITORY NERVE ,[object Object]
PRIMARY AUDITORY PATHWAY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRIMARY AUDITORY PATHWAY ,[object Object],[object Object]
NON-PRIMARY OR RETICULAR AUDITORY PATHWAYS ,[object Object],[object Object]
NON-PRIMARY OR RETICULAR AUDITORY PATHWAYS ,[object Object],[object Object]
SENSATION AND CONSCIOUS PERCEPTION
 
GOOD LUCK !

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12. hearing system-08-09

  • 2. SOUNDS AT HUMAN LEVEL (FREQUENCIES) The human ear recognizes frequencies between 20 to 20,000 Hz as sounds. All frequencies below 20 Hz we call ' infrasounds ' , and all frequencies above 20 kHz ' ultrasounds '. Not all animal ears work within the same frequency range. The mole rat ear perceives sounds 2 octaves below the lower limit of the human ear (below 10 Hz). On the other hand, a dog or a cat ear is able to perceive sounds 1 octave above the human frequency range (40 kHz), and a bat ear may react to sounds 3 octaves above that which we can hear (up to 160 Kz).
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