An instruction cycle is the basic operation cycle of a computer. It is the process by which a computer retrieves a program instruction from its memory, determines what actions the instruction requires, and carries out those actions....

12. The process of writing the memory is storing.
These four operations collectively are called a
machine cycle or instruction cycle .

16. Seminal uses of pipelining were in the ILLIAC
II project and the IBM Stretch project, though
a simple version was used earlier in the Z1 in
1939 and the Z3 in 1941

17.  An instruction pipeline is a technique used in
the design of computers to increase their
instruction throughput (the number of
instructions that can be executed in a unit of
time). Pipelining does not reduce the time to
complete an instruction, but increases
instruction throughput by performing
multiple operations in parallel