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- 2. Health Issues that Australian Youth Face Mental illness Injury Body Image Allergies Influences on Health Genetics Gender Personal skills Attitudes Sexual orientation Family Peers Society Media Religion Economic status Geographic location (Ruskin, Proctor & Neeves., 2013, p.284-288 & 290-293) PhysicalActivity andSport Schools
- 3. MorbidityMortality • Accidents • Poisoning • Injury • Violence • Suicide • Cancer (Ruskin et al., 2013, p. 280) • Mental Health • Injury • Poisoning (Ruskin et al., 2013, p. 280) 17 868 Males 29 946 Females (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.280) Depression and Anxiety PhysicalActivity andSport Schools (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.283)
- 4. 0.. Mental Health Australian Youth are at an all time high with stress levels Physical Emotional Social Work Environment Life crisis Abuse (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.303) Depression NATURE: • Increasingly common in youth • To cope use drugs, alcohol, self harm and develop eating disorders PATTERNS • 49.2% Australian Youth are depressed • 7.1% of males self harm • 5-10% attempt suicide • 1 in 2 have suicidal thoughts CAUSES • Loss of family, friends and/or pets • Work • School • Home • Disability/Injury EFFECTS • Suicide • Self harm PhysicalActivity andSport Schools (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.281 & 305-306)
- 5. Injury NATURE • High risk taking demographic PATTERNS • 15-24: 72.1% males die • 15-24: 53.8% females • 1-14: 37.1% • 1-14: 36.3% CAUSES • Risk taking behaviour • To impress peers EFFECTS • Death BODY IMAGE/EATING DISORDER • Media fuels the way young people view their body (Ruskin et al.,2013,p.309). • Includes Anorexia, Bulimia, Muscle enhancement, Binge eating and Obesity. PhysicalActivity andSport Schools (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.281-283)
- 6. Body Image Anorexia NATURE • Sufferer losses a dramatic amount of weight. • Some use severe calorie reduction, exercising compulsively, diet pills, laxatives and starvation. PATTERNS • Most common in young women and girls. • 90% of young women suffer from anorexia. • 1 in 200 girls suffer from it. • 10-20% die. • It can affect boys too. EFFECTS • Amenorrhoea ----> No periods • Sterility • Osteoporosis • Heart disease • Death (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.310) Bulimia Nervosa NATURE • Over-eating or binge eating, followed by vomiting and starving. • Suffers can look healthy. Thus hard to identify. PATTERNS • 20-30% of Young women. EFFECTS • Poor metabolism • Ulcers • Damaged oesophagus (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.310) PhysicalActivity andSport Schools (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.310)
- 7. Obesity NATURE • BMI is over 30 PATTERNS • 22% overweight • 7& obese • 12% Indigenous Australians CAUSES • Lack of exercise • Over-eating • Low self-esteem • Depression • Anxiety • Loneliness EFFECTS • Depression • Heart disease • High cholesterol • Diabetes • Compulsive disorders • Joint issues (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.311) PhysicalActivity andSport Schools Binge Eating NATURE • Uncontrolled eating of large quantities of food. EFEECTS • Guilt • Embarrassment • Self-loathing • Obesity • Osteoarthristis • Kidney failure (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.311) Muscle Enhancement NATURE • Includes taking steroids and excessively weight training PATTERNS • 11.6% boys consider themselves too thin • 30.5% want to be heavier • 50 000 Young Australians abuse steroids EFFECTS • Eating disorders • Muscle injury • Stunted growth • Liver problems • HIV through infected needles • Heart conditions (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.311-312)
- 8. Schools NATURE • Record number of youth have allergies PATTERNS • 560 000 children have food allergies (Allergen Bureau, 2014) CAUSES • Immune system reacts negatively to allergens in the environment and in food. (ASCIA, 2010) • Grass, dust, bees, pollen, nuts, seafood, dairy and gluten for example. (ASICA, 2010) EFFECTS • Cramps • Hives • Anaphylactic shock, which can result in death. (ASCIA, 2010) Allergies PhysicalActivity andSport Cause of Eating Disorders • Projection of unrealistic images of beauty (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.309) Skinny Hourglass Muscular • Family • Peers • Society (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.309) (sott.net, 2009)(Taylor, 2013)
- 9. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ The role of school • EPICENTRE • Estab facilities • Utilise programs • Maximise participation. (Boyd et al.,2006, .244) • PDHPE classes (Boyd et al., 2006, p.244) • Trained teachers • Insightful(Boyd et al., 2006, p.244) • curriculum • Effective equipment • Safe environment • Respectful • Working with local health services (Ruskin et al., p.335) Physical Activity and Sport • 12-24 demographic are most active • 60.6% • Family • Socio-economic background • Geographic location • Obesity • High cholestrol • Type 2 diabetes (Boyd et al., 2006, p.48) • Help with mental illness and obesity (Boyd et al., 2006, p.48) Boyd et al., 2006, p.27) (Boyd et al., 2006, p.34-35) (Ruskin et al., 2013, p.388)
- 10. Patient File 11516236 References Allergen Bureau. (2014). Australian Health survey reveals extent of food allergy. Retrieved from http://allergenbureau.net/australian- health-survey-reveals-extent-food-allergy/ Australian Government. (n.d.). Geoscience Australia: Area of Australia, States and Territories. Retrieved from http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/geographic- information/dimensions/area-of-australia-states-and-territories Australasian society of critical immunology and allergy. (2010). What is Allergy?. Retrieved from http://www.allergy.org.au/patients/about- allergy/what-is-allergy Boyd, A., Bulitude, S., Claxton, R., & Gradon, L. (2006). Exploring: Physical Activity and Sport. Australia: Titan Education. Ruskin, R., Proctor,K., & Neeves., D. (2013). Outcomes 2: Persona; Development, Health and Physical Education HSC (5th ed.). Australia: John Wiley & Sons. sott.net. ( 2009). Physician: Recent Ralph Lauren Advertisement Sends Unrealistic and Possibly Deadly Message to Women of All Ages. (Image). Retrieved from http://www.sott.net/image/s1/27838/full/lauren.jpg Taylor, Dr.P.R. (2013). Pretty fly for some sci-fi: Your body is your temple?. (Image). Retrieved from https://beccasarah.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/mens-health-magazine- jpg1.jpeg