ingles

1. WH – QUESTION
https://www.lawlessenglish.com/aprenda-ingles/gramatica/preguntas-informativas/
Aquí son las palabras interrogativas con sus traducciones en español. Atención, esas traducciones
son aproximativas porque en realidad a veces se cambian según el contexto.
who, whom quién
what qué, cómo
when cuándo
where dónde
why porqué
how cómo
which cuál
whose a quién
Who y whom se usan para obtenir información sobre una persona o unas personas.
question answer
Who is at the door?
¿Quién está a la puerta?
Tom is at the door.
Tom está a la puerta.
Who wants an apple?
¿Quién quiere una manzana?
I want an apple.
Yo quiero un manzana.
Whom* is he dating?
(Who is he dating?)
¿Con quién está saliendo?
He is dating Anna.
Está saliendo con Anna.

2. *La diferencia entre who y whom casi no existe ya. De todos modos, gramaticalmente who se usa
para el sujeto meintras whom se usa para el complimento del objeto directo o indirecto. La
mayoría de los anglófonos americanos ya no usan whom. Aprenda más sobre who y whom.

3. What se usa para obtenir información sobre una persona o una cosa.
question answer
What is this?
¿Qué es eso?
This is a bird.
Es un pájaro.
What did she say?
¿Qué dijo ella?
She said to be quiet.
Dijo silencio.
What have they done?
¿Qué hicieron?
They’ve broken the window.
Han roto la ventana.
When pregunta cuándo.
question answer
When does Anna arrive?
¿Cuándo llega Anna?
She arrives at 10:30.
Llega a las 10:30 h.
When can I see you again?
¿Cuándo puedo verte otra vez?
I don’t know.
No sé.
When was the race?
¿Cuándo era la carrera?
It was yesterday.
Era ayer.
Where pregunta dónde
question answer
Where does Natasha live?
¿Dónde vive Natasha?
She lives in Miami.
Vive en Miami.
Where were the keys?
¿Dónde estaban las llaves?
They were in the car.
Estaban en el coche.
Where have you been?
¿Dónde estuvieron?
We have been at the bank.
Estuvimos en el banco.

4. Why pregunta porqué.
question answer
Why is the street closed?
¿Porqué esta cerrada la calle?
They are repairing it.
Están reparándola.
Why did Alex leave?
¿Porqué salió Alex?
He had a meeting.
Tenía una reunión.
Why haven’t you called?
¿Porqué no has llamado?
I lost my cell phone.
Perdí mi celular.
En el inglés americano informal, frecuentamente se usa How come en lugar de Why.
Why is she late?
¿Porqué tarda ella?
= How come she’s late?
Why did he stay?
¿Porqué se quedó?
How come he stayed?
Why can’t you go?
¿Porqué no puedes ir?
How come you can’t go?
How pregunta cómo algo ha pasado, pasa o pasará.
question answer
How does this work?
¿Cómo funciona eso?
Push the red button.
Empuje el botón rojo.
How was your mother?
¿Cómo sentaba tu madre?
She was much better.
Estaba mucho mejor.
How has the weather been?
¿Cómo ha estado el tiempo?
It’s been very rainy.
Ha estado muy llovioso.
How will he win the race?
¿Cómo ganará la carrera?
He will train every day.
Entrenará todos los días.

5. Which pregunta cuál.
question answer
Which of these pens is the best?
¿Lo cuál entre estos bolígrafos es mejor?
The black one is the best.
El negro es el mejor.
Which author do you enjoy?
¿Cuál escritor te gusta ?
I enjoy reading Borges.
Me gusta leer Borges.
Which river is longer, the Nile or the Amazon?
¿Cuál rio es más largo, el Nilo o la Amazona?
The Nile is longer.
El Nilo es más largo.
Which street leads downtown?
¿Cuál calle va al centro?
The street on the left.
La calle a la izquierda.
Whose busca información sobre la posesión de una cosa.
question answer
Whose book is on the table?
¿A quién pertanece el libro que está en la mesa?
That’s Tom’s book.
Este libro es de Tom.
Whose idea was that?
¿A quién fue esa idea?
It was her idea.
Era su idea, a ella.
Whose child has a cough?
¿Es el niño de quién que tose?
He is my child.
Es mi niño.
Atención al escribir: No sea confundido entre whose y la contracción who’s (who is). En el inglés
hablado, estas dos palabras suenan igual. Aprenda más sobre whose y who’s.

6. Yes / No questions (closed questions)
In English, there are two basic types of questions: Yes / No questions and Wh– questions. Yes /
No questions are also called closed questions because there are only two possible
responses: Yes or No. When forming a Yes / No question, it must include one of these
verbs: BE, DO, HAVE, or a modal verb. It is impossible to ask a Yes / No question without one
of these verbs.
correct incorrect
Are elections next year? Elections next year?
Does he want to stay? He want to stay?
Have the boys eaten? The boys eaten?
Can the dog swim? The dog swim?
Use the verb BE to ask Yes / No questions about the identity or description of a person, place, or
thing.
question response
Am I your friend? Yes. / Yes, you are. / Yes, you are my friend.
Is this a good restaurant? No. / No, it is not. / No, it is not a good restaurant.
Are these islands Greek? Yes. / Yes, they are. / Yes, these islands are Greek.
Was his idea interesting? No. / No, it wasn’t. / No, his idea was not interesting.
Were they happy? Yes. / Yes, they were. / Yes, they were happy.
Note that the response can be short (Yes. / No.), or long: Yes or No followed by the subject and
verb.
Use the verb BE with a preposition to ask Yes / No questions about a present or past location.

7. question response
Am I at the correct location? No. / No, you aren’t.
Are the keys under the books? No. / No, they are not.
Was his house on an island? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were the demonstrations in the center of town? No. / No, they weren’t.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a current activity or situation. This requires
the present progressive: BE + (verb+ing).
question response
Am I going with you and Tom? Yes. / Yes, you are.
Is she working today? No. / No, she isn’t.
Are we seeing a play tomorrow? Yes. / Yes, we are.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a past activity or situation. This requires
the past progressive: WAS / WERE + (verb+ing).
question response
Was it raining? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were they playing? No. / No, they weren’t.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question with the passive voice.

8. question response
Is gold mined in Canada? Yes. / Yes it is.
Are flowers grown here? No. / No, they are not.
Was the book read? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Use the verb HAVE to ask if somebody has done something or if some action has taken place.
Note that these Yes / No questions use the present perfect (HAVE + past participle).
question response
Has your brother left? No. / No, he hasn’t.
Have you driven before? Yes. / Yes, I have.
Has the party started? Yes. / Yes, it has.
Use the verb DO to ask Yes / No questions in order to obtain facts about people, places, or things.
question response
Do they smoke? No. / No, they don’t.
Does it rain here? Yes. / Yes, it does.
Did the key work? No. / No, it didn’t.
Use modal verbs to ask Yes / No questions about possibilities or uncertainties.
question response
Can we stay? Yes. / Yes, we can. / Yes, we can stay.
Could this be true? Yes. / Yes, it could (be true).

9. Should they stop? No. / No, they shouldn’t (stop).
May I help you? Yes. / Yes you may (help me).
Remember: When asking Yes / No questions with DO or a modal verb, the main verb remains in
the base form (without to).
correct incorrect
Do you drink coffee? Do you to drink coffee?
Does she work here? Does she to work here?
Can I go with you? Can I to go with you?
Should we email her? Should we to email her?
However, if there are two verbs that follow DO, the second verb remains in
the infinitive(with to).
correct incorrect
Do you want to drink coffee? Do you want drink coffee?
Does she like to work here? Does she like work here?
Did you need to go home? Did you need go home?

10. Note that there are several ways to answer Yes / No questions, especially when using
contractions.
question response
Is he busy? No.
No, he isn’t.
No, he’s not.
No, he is not.
No, he isn’t busy.
No, he’s not busy.
No, he is not busy.