hypothyroidism

1. NAME :- MOHIT RULANIYA
TOPIC :- HYPHOTHYROIDISM

2. Hypothyroidism:-
• It’s a clinical syndrome.
• Hypothyroidism is an underactive thyroid gland.
• Reduced content of thyroid hormone in blood serum
Epidemiology :-
• Latent form -10% of adults
3% children
Average patient age 50-60 yrs old

3. Cause:-
 Hashimoto thyroiditis ( an inflammation of the thyroid gland )
 Radioactive iodine treatment.
 Medications
 Thyroid surgery ( little iodine in food )
 Pregnancy ( pitutary gland disorder & hyphothamus disorder ) - The
reason isn’t clear, but sometimes, inflammation of the thyroid occurs after
pregnancy. This is called postpartum thyroiditis.
 iodine deficiencey
 Pituitary gland damage or disorder
 Disorder of the hypothalamus
Classifications :-
Primary – due to thyroid disease
Secondary –due to pitutary disease
Tertiary – due to hypothalamic disease

4. Risk for Hypothyroidism
• Race (being white or Asian)
• Age (growing older)
• Prematurely graying hair
• Autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid
arthritis, celiac disease, Addison's disease, pernicious anemia
or vitiligo
• Bipolar disorder
• Down syndrome
• Turner syndrome

5. Clinical classifications :-
 Subclinical – TSH elevated, T4 normal
 Mainfest – TSH elevated , T4 low
 Compensated medication – TSH- limits of normal
 Decompensted – complicated
Symptoms :-
 Change in the menstrual cycle
 Constipation
 Depression
 Dry hair & hair loss
 Dry skin
 Fatigue
 Corpal tunnel syndrome
 Swelling of the thyroid gland ( goiter )
 Bradycardia
 Dyspnea
 Musle cramping
 Musle weakness
 Peripheral edema
 Hyperlipidoma

7. Diagnosis :-
 clinical methods ( history , physical )
 TSH ( T4- thyroxine )
 Additional method
- ultra sound
- fine niddle puncture biopsy
- ECG
- Blood test

8.  Level of thyroid hormone

9. Treatment :-
- Use of Iodine supplementations
- Use of T4 supplementaions
1. Manifest –
levothyroxine – 1.6 micro gram / kg
2. Subclinical –
TSH 1 time in 6-12 months
TTG 0.4-4.0 ml U / L

10. Complication :-
 Heart problem
 Infertility
 Joint pain
 Obesity