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‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬>‫صفر‬
‫صغرى‬ ‫قيمة‬
‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬>‫يكون‬ ‫صفر‬
‫وتكو‬ ،‫لألعلى‬ ‫مقعر‬ ‫المنحنى‬‫ن‬
‫رأس‬ ‫عند‬ ‫صغرى‬ ‫قيمة‬ ‫له‬
‫المكافئ‬ ‫القطع‬
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‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬>‫صفر‬
‫ضاحك‬ ‫وجه‬‫مكافئ‬ ‫قطع‬.
‫صغرى‬ ‫قيمه‬ ‫وله‬ ‫لألعلى‬ ‫مقعر‬
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2
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10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
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‫عظمى‬ ‫قيمة‬
‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬<‫يكون‬ ‫صفر‬
‫وت‬ ، ‫لألسفل‬ ‫مقعر‬ ‫المنحنى‬‫كون‬
‫القطع‬ ‫رأس‬ ‫عند‬ ‫عظمى‬ ‫قيمة‬ ‫له‬
‫المكافئ‬
‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬<‫صفر‬
‫أ‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬<‫صفر‬
‫الحزين‬ ‫الوجه‬‫مكافئ‬ ‫قطع‬
‫عظمى‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫وذات‬ ،‫مقلوب‬.
9
8
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‫قيمة‬ ‫يكبر‬ ‫كلما‬‫أ‬
‫المكافئ‬ ‫القطع‬ ‫عرض‬ ‫يضيق‬.
‫محور‬ ‫عن‬ ‫مبتعدا‬ ‫ويكون‬
‫السينات‬
‫أ‬ ‫يكبر‬ ‫كلما‬
‫أ‬=3
‫أ‬=2
‫أ‬=1
‫أ‬=0.5
‫أ‬=3-
‫أ‬=2-
‫أ‬=1-
‫أ‬=0.5-
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
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-9
‫كلما‬‫تصغر‬‫قيمة‬‫أ‬
‫يتسع‬‫المكافئ‬ ‫القطع‬ ‫عرض‬.
‫محور‬ ‫عن‬ ‫مقتربا‬ ‫ويكون‬
‫السينات‬
‫أ‬ ‫صغرت‬ ‫كلما‬
‫أ‬=3
‫أ‬=2
‫أ‬=1
‫أ‬=0.5
‫أ‬=3-
‫أ‬=2-
‫أ‬=1-
‫أ‬=0.5-
11
10
9
8
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5
4
3
2
1
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‫التكبير‬
‫هو‬ ‫التالية‬ ‫االقترانات‬ ‫من‬ ‫أي‬:
(1‫ق‬(‫س‬=)2‫س‬2
(2‫هـ‬(‫س‬=)½‫س‬2
(3‫م‬(‫س‬= )‫س‬2
‫تمهيد‬
‫مدخل‬‫نفق‬‫مصمم‬‫على‬‫شكل‬
‫منحنى‬‫اقتران‬،‫هل‬‫يمكن‬
‫حساب‬‫أقصى‬‫ارتفاع‬‫مسموح‬‫ب‬‫ه‬
‫لسيارة‬‫عرضها‬‫معلوم‬‫يمكن‬‫له‬‫ا‬
‫المرور‬‫من‬‫المدخل‬‫؟‬
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10
9
8
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6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
-2
-3
-4
-5
‫س‬3210-1-2-3
‫س‬29410149
‫س‬2+2116323611
‫س‬2-272-1-2-127
‫الرأسي‬ ‫إحداثيات‬
‫معادلة‬‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصغرى‬ ‫القيمة‬
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
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-4
-5
‫س‬2+2
(0،0)
(1،1)
(4،2)
(9،3)
(-1،1)
(-2،4)
(-3،9)
(1،3)
(2،6)
(3،11)
(-1،3)
(-2،6)
(-3،11)
(0،2)
(0،2)
‫س‬=0
2
2
}‫ص‬:‫ص‬2{
‫نستنتج‬‫أن‬‫س‬2+2‫هو‬‫انسحاب‬
‫االقتران‬‫س‬2‫بمقدار‬2‫وحدة‬‫لألعلى‬.
‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫وبشكل‬‫عام‬‫س‬2+‫ا‬‫هو‬‫انسحاب‬‫س‬2
‫لألعلى‬‫بمقدار‬(‫أ‬)‫وحدة‬
‫نستنتج‬‫أن‬‫س‬2-2‫هو‬‫انسحاب‬
‫االقتران‬‫س‬2‫بمقدار‬2‫وحدة‬‫لألسفل‬.
*********************************
‫وبشكل‬‫عام‬‫س‬2-‫ا‬‫هو‬‫انسحاب‬‫س‬2
‫لألسفل‬‫بمقدار‬(‫أ‬)‫وحدة‬
-2‫الصادي‬ ‫اإلحداثي‬ ‫على‬
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5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
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-3
-4
-5
‫الرأسي‬ ‫إحداثيات‬(0،-2)
‫معادلة‬‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬‫س‬=0
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬-2
‫الصغرى‬ ‫القيمة‬-2
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬}‫ص‬:‫ص‬-2)
‫س‬2-2
(2،4)
(2،2)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
987654321
-1
-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9
-2
-3
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‫مثال‬(2):‫ارسمي‬‫ق‬(‫س‬=)‫س‬2+5
‫ق‬(‫س‬=)‫س‬2+5
‫ألعلى‬
(0،5)
‫س‬=‫ص‬
‫يوجد‬ ‫ال‬
5
5
}‫ص‬:‫ص‬5)
‫التقعر‬ ‫اتجاه‬
‫الرأس‬ ‫إحداثيات‬
‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬ ‫معادلة‬
‫السينات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصغرى‬ ‫القيمة‬
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
987654321
-1
-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9
-2
-3
-4
‫تدريب‬(3):‫ارسمي‬‫ق‬(‫س‬=)‫س‬2-4
‫التقعر‬ ‫اتجاه‬
‫الرأس‬ ‫إحداثيات‬
‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬ ‫معادلة‬
‫السينات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصغرى‬ ‫القيمة‬
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬
‫ق‬(‫س‬=)‫س‬2-4
‫ألعلى‬
(0،-4)
‫س‬=‫صفر‬
2،-2
-4
-4
}‫ص‬:‫ص‬-4{
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
‫مثال‬(2):‫ارسمي‬‫ق‬(‫س‬=)3–‫س‬2
‫التقعر‬ ‫اتجاه‬
‫الرأس‬ ‫إحداثيات‬
‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬ ‫معادلة‬
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫العظمى‬ ‫القيمة‬
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬
‫ق‬(‫س‬=)3-‫س‬2
‫ألسفل‬
(0،3)
‫س‬=‫صفر‬
3
3
‫ص‬:‫ص‬3
-‫س‬2
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6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
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-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
‫مثال‬(2):‫ارسمي‬‫ق‬(‫س‬=)-2–‫س‬2
‫التقعر‬ ‫اتجاه‬
‫الرأس‬ ‫إحداثيات‬
‫التماثل‬ ‫محور‬ ‫معادلة‬
‫السينات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫الصادات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المقطع‬
‫العظمى‬ ‫القيمة‬
‫مدى‬‫االقتران‬
‫ق‬(‫س‬=)-2-‫س‬2
‫ألسفل‬
(0،-2)
‫س‬=‫صفر‬
‫يوجد‬ ‫ال‬
-2
-2
‫ص‬:‫ص‬-2
‫حياتي‬ ‫مثال‬:
‫مدخل‬‫نفق‬‫مصمم‬‫على‬‫شكل‬‫منحنى‬‫اقتران‬،‫إذا‬‫كان‬‫ارت‬‫فاع‬
‫رأس‬‫النفق‬(9)‫أمتار‬‫وعرضه‬‫من‬‫األسفل‬(6)‫أمتار‬،‫ما‬
‫أقصى‬‫ارتفاع‬‫مسموح‬‫به‬‫لسيارة‬‫عرضها‬(4)‫أمتار‬
‫مسموح‬‫به‬‫لها‬‫كي‬‫تمر‬‫من‬‫النفق‬.
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10
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6
5
4
3
2
1
10987654321-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10
-2
-3
-4
-5
.
‫الحل‬ ‫مناقشة‬:
‫ننمذج‬‫قوس‬‫مدخل‬‫النفق‬‫بمنحنى‬‫اقتران‬‫تر‬‫بيعي‬
‫نرسمه‬‫في‬‫المستوى‬‫البياني‬‫ويقطع‬‫محور‬
‫السينات‬‫في‬‫النقطة‬(3،0)،(-3،0)
‫ننمذج‬‫ت‬ ‫محور‬ ‫حول‬ ‫متماثل‬ ‫بمستطيل‬ ‫السيارة‬‫ماثل‬
‫االقتران‬‫التربيعي‬،‫طوله‬ ،(‫السي‬ ‫ارتفاع‬‫ارة‬)
.
‫المطلوب‬‫إيجاد‬
‫السيارة‬ ‫ارتفاع‬
‫االقتران‬ ‫قاعدة‬‫التربيعي‬
‫ق‬(‫س‬)=9-‫س‬2
‫هو‬ ‫االرتفاع‬‫ق‬(2=)5

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