In this new race, economic competition among nations will be less on physical assets and more on knowledge assets. Pakistan must take urgent and substantive steps to build its ecosystem and knowledge culture to leapfrog ahead. What needs to be done? In my course on Marketing Strategies for Emerging Economies, Summer 2019 students of the Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan were asked to come up with recommendations. This is an example of some of the best work submitted.

1. TRANSITION TO KNOWLEDGE
BASED ECONOMY
NAME: JAVERIA SIRAJ
INSTRUCTORS NAME: MOAZZAM HUSSAIN
YEAR:2019
INSTITUTE: INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
COURSE: MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND
EMERGING ECONOMIES

2. CURRENT STATE OF THE ECONOMY
■ Pakistan is one of the fastest emerging economy in the world (in top five to be
precise)
■ The country lacks in number of domain specifically in science and technology.
■ Rs. 43 billion have been allocated for science and technology sector in this
year budget.
■ It is approximately 20 folds back in technology from the other developed nation.
■ There is no concept of applied research in many industries , we mainly lack in
production 80% of the products, all of them are imported from other countries.
■ Dependent on the advanced countries for most of their needs, be they
chemicals, pharmaceuticals, engineering goods, transportation equipment, or
defense equipment.
■ In the process, more and more funds from developing countries are being
transferred to developed countries, raising the level of poverty in the developing
countries.

3. Our lackings in science and
technology sector
Meager funding provided by the government
Leads to lack of proper facilities and environment for
research in the universities and research institutes
Led to deterioration in the standard of higher
education
Due to this we lack skilled workers and even
emerging talent is unnoticed.
This results in producing no valuable researches that
could be applied on a greater level.

4. WHAT IS HAPPENING AROUND THE
WORLD?
■ A number of technology centers are running successfully around
the world in developed and emerging nations.
■ They are contributing greatly towards the economic growth of their
respective economies.
■ They are aggressively doing researches in every domain of life
related to human needs including Health , production , energy ,
mobility , production etc..
■ Their main aim is to make their education institution strong.
■ As these institution supply talents to industries later on
■ These technology innovation centers also creates employment
opportunities in the economy
■ They take a greater role research and development of their nation.

5. These technology centers bridges gap
between academia and industry.

6. Few examples of the worlds great technology
centre
FRAUNHOFER GESELCHAFFT
■ Europe's largest applied research organization
■ Started back in Germany in 1949, having more than 26000
employees in 2018.
■ 2.6 billion Euros budget annually.
■ 72 institute all around Germany and each institute specialized in a
domain or technology.
■ It takes research of direct utility to industry (public and private)
■ They have world class research capabilities , state of the art
equipment , human competencies and extensive resources.
■ Germany is the pioneers of many of the industries in the world and
this is due to fraunhofer success mainly.

7. AIST JAPAN
■ Largest public research organizations in Japan
■ AIST has about 2000 researchers doing research and
development at 11 research bases across the country.
■ Their main aim is to build a sustainable society.
■ Some of the founding institutions of AIST have a history of more
than 100 years and have achieved many prominent records of
technological development.
■ AIST takes initiative as a leading research institute for innovation
while placing its major emphasis on research that offers practical
benefits to the world.

8. PROGRESSING TOWARDS FUTURE
■ The developed countries as well as the emerging countries are moving
towards , coming up now and then with break through technology and
innovation.
■ The key is to invest in research and development consistently in order
to innovate.
■ Although many economies in the world are far lagging behind the
developed country.
■ Countries like Pakistan which have a broader scope should utilize their
existing competencies and resources and work upon them to
strengthen them to come in competition with the developed nation.
■ Focus where you have advantage in any domain and then start
progressing,

10. SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE
■ Research institutes should be founded in all the provinces
specifically in the major cities working in different domains of
human need.
■ Separate research institutes should be open for separate
industries such as energy, telecommunication , agriculture , health
and care etc.
■ A separate annual budget should be allocated to these centre by
the government.
■ Expose the emerging youth in country to a challenging
educational environment that teaches them to think and find novel
solutions to difficult problem
■ Students should be encourage towards taking research and
development fields as their degree program.
■ A culture of applied research should be spread and encourage in

11. ■ Learning through practical knowledge should become the core of all the
institution around the country be it school college or higher universities
■ This learning process should be inhibited in students from a very lower age
■ The country needs to upgrade their universities and research centres to an
internationally compatible level of excellence this could be done through
giving them appropriate research facilities.
■ PHD , experts in technology and other high professionals should be given
opportunities and government should work upon the retaining strategies so
they don’t go out of the country looking for a better opportunity.
■ Research grants must also be provided so that they can contribute
meaningfully.

12. ■ For various technological development our good research
institutes can become a contractual partners and can do joint
ventures as well with other technological centre around the world
their expertise and our low cost operations combine can create
win-win situation for both.
■ Government should incorporate such policies and ways that
encourages investments. for this government have to work upon
tax incentives, provision of risk capital by venture capital
companies, protection of intellectual property rights, rationalization
of import duty structures, banning of smuggling to protect local
industry, and creation of investor confidence through stable and
long-term policies.
■ Pakistan can invest in tech start-ups and disruptive technologies,
providing facilities like incubators.
■ Universities or research institutes to develop a Key Performance
Indicator (KPI) Matrix to track and analyze development on the
goals set for the year,

13. CONCLUSION
These are the basic steps the government should take first since
technological changes cannot come overnight they will take
some time.
Long Live Pakistan 

14. EMAIL ADDRESS : javeriasiraj5@gmail.com