The Cognitive Neuroscience of Brain Body Interaction

Aarhus Institute of
Advanced Studies
Centre of Functionally
Integrative Neuroscience
The Cognitive
Neuroscience of Brain-
Body Interaction
TOWARDS A COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH
Dr. Micah Allen, @micahgallen

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Body Clocks

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Body Clocks
Nummenmaa et al., PNAS, 2014

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Predominant Theoretical Approaches
Homeostatic
Content
Rythmic
Entrainment
Interoceptive
Inference

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Body Clocks
Garfinkle & Critchley, 2015

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Measuring Brain-Body Interaction

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Heartbeat Discrimination Task
Synch/Asynch?
_______________
Confidence?

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STOP

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Measuring Respiration

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Manipulating Respiratory-Brain Interaction

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Manipulating Respiratory-Brain Interaction
Resonance Breathing

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Respiratory Filter Detection Task (FDT)

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Electrogastrogram (EGG)

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Manipulating the Gut
Esophageal Learning Task
Tone Outcome
500ms300ms Response +
Confidence
1,500 – 3000 ms
LD HD
60% 80%

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Interim Summary 1
1. Measuring bodily signals is relatively
easy; however
1. Subject to bias, can be difficult to interpret
2. May require many trials to reconstruct
behavioral effect
2. Manipulating bodily signals is crucial;
however
1. ‘Dual task’ problem
2. May be painful or invasive
3. Difficult, but needed

Embodied Computation Group 16
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NEUROANATOMY
INTEROCEPTION AND THE INTEGRATION OF SELF

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Evrard, 2019

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Craig, 2002
Tallon-Baudry 2019

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Evrard, 2019

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Ullsperger et al., 2016

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IN THE BODY’S EYE
PSYCHOPHYSICAL ENTRAINMENT BY THE BODY

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The Cardiac Afferent Inhibition Hypothesis
Delfini & Campos, 1972

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Cardiac Rhythms of Perception
1.00-1.67 Hz
Park et al, Nat. Neuro., 2014

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1.00-1.67 Hz
Park et al, Nat. Neuro., 2014

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1.00-1.67 Hz
Garfinkle and Critchley, 2017, TICS
Fear Amplification by the Heart

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1.00-1.67 Hz
Azevedo, Tsakiris et al., Nature Communications. 2017
Modification of Racial Stereotypes?

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1.00-1.67 Hz
Kilner, Palmer, et al. BioArxiv. 2019
Action Execution & Observation

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Respiration in the Brain
Zelano et al., 2016, JNeuro

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Respiration in the Brain
Zelano et al., 2016, JNeuro

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Rebollo, Tallon-Baudry et al., 2018, eLife

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Rebollo, Tallon-Baudry et al., 2018, eLife

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Richter, Tallon-Baudry et al., 2016, Neuroimage

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Interim Summary 2
1. Bodily signal osscilate at reliable, but
noisy frequencies
2. In the autonomic nervous system, things
get messy
3. Dissociable effects of cardiac and
respiratory signals have been observed
on behavior BUT
1. Little to no consistency in the literature
2. Effect sizes generally small

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INTEROCEPTIVE
INFERENCE
THE COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE OF BRAIN-BODY
INTERACTION

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Soviet Interoception

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Interoceptive Inference
1. Visceral Signals are High-Priority
2. Likely play a role in setting the gain or
precision of beliefs and Pes
3. Likely to be highly modality and context
specific

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Markov Decision Process Modelling
Allen, Levy, Parr, & Friston. BioArxiv. 2019.
Policy Priors
Outcomes
PEs

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Generative Model of Interoceptive Inference

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Generative Model of Interoceptive Inference

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Modelling the Startle Reflex
1 2 3 4 5 …. 14 15 … 40
Baseline Trials Unconstrained Trials
Simulated Fear-Oddball Experiment
…

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Lessons Learned
From a simple model of periodic sensory
attenuation:
• Even if visceral sensations interfere with
exteroceptive precision, they can still
accentuate [false] inference

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Lessons Learned
From a simple model of periodic sensory
attenuation:
• Even if visceral sensations interfere with
exteroceptive precision, they can still
accentuate [false] inference
• Exact influence of baroreceptor/cardiac
afferents on perception depend upon the
particulars of the generative model – what
priors, precisions, etc. Not as simple as
on/off

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Bayesian Metacognition as Posterior Precision
Yeung & Summerfield, 2012
Fleming & Daw, 2017

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Exteroceptive Precision and Exteroceptive Uncertainty

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Interoceptive Precision and Interoceptive Uncertainty

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Embodied Computational Phenotyping: Synthetic HRV Analyses

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A Sketch of Computational Neuroanatomy
Allen, Levy, Parr, & Friston. BioArxiv. 2019.Craig, 2002

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Future Directions – Generative Modelling of Heart-Brain Interaction

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THANK YOU!
Hisham Ziaudeen Elena Mainetto
Funders
Collaborators:
UCL
• Karl J Friston
• Ray Dolan
• Tobias Hauser
• Andrew Levy
• Steve Fleming
• Martina Callaghan
• Thomas Parr
• Chris Mathys
Cambridge
• Sadaf Farooqi
• Maggie Westwater
• Rogier Kievit
• Tristan Bekinschtein
Zurich
• Klaas Enno Stephan
• Olivia Faull
Aarhus
• Leif Østergaard
• Andreas Roepstorff
Cambridge Psychiatry Unit
Paul Fletcher
Aarhus Unit
Camile Correa Francesca Fardo

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Laura Huizinga

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Laura Huizinga

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A Sketch of Computational Neuroanatomy
Allen, Levy, Parr, & Friston. BioArxiv. 2019.Craig, 2002

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Advanced Studies
Bayesian Metacognition and Interoception
Allen et al., eLife, 2016 *Hauser, *Allen et al, eLife, 2017

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