4. At the end of this lesson you will be able to;
paraphrase the text that you read.
retell or rewrite the text by using your own words.
form new sentences more or less same lenght as the original
text without changing the meaning.
include all the ideas of the text in your new sentences.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5. What is the purpuse of paraphrasing?
to simplify
to clarify
INTRODUCTION
6. What makes paraphrasing skill distinctive?
Paraphrasing skill provides the basis for
academic reading and writing as it helps
students avoid plagiarising.
INTRODUCTION
8. In order to paraphrase successfully, you
have to understand the original
text, so……….
9. How to paraphrase
successfully?
STEP 1
Read, read and reread
until you understand
what the text is about
STEP 2
Take notes of the
main ideas in your
own words
10. Method 1
Replace synonyms ( use a dictionary/Thesaurus) if needed)
Example:
Movies can be divided into three categories.
Films can be divided into three types.
For exercises on method 1, click on the button below
CONTENT
Exercise 1
11. Method 2
Change plural nouns to singular ones
Example:
Overweight people usually do little exercise.
An overweight person usually does little exercise.
For exercises on method 2, click on the button below
Exercise 2
12. Method 3
Restructure sentence(s) grammatically
Suggestions: Change Active Voice to Passive Voice or
vice versa‐
Example:
The people of this country speak various languages.
Various languages are spoken in this country
For exercises on method 3, click on the button below
Exercise 3
13. Method 4
Use Negative or Opposite Expressions
Example:
Hamed was disappointed , because the movie
wasn’t very good.
Hamed wasn’t satisfied, because the movie wasn’t
very good.
For exercises on method 4, click on the button below
Exercise 4
14. Method 5
Changing Word order
Example:
If you’re going to Russia in December, be sure to take
warm clothes.
Be sure to take warm clothes if you are going to Russia
in December.
For exercises on method 5, click on the button below
Exercise 5
15. Method 6
Changing Parts of Speech
For example, changing a noun to a verb.
Example:
The company needs to find a solution to this
problem.
The company wants to solve this problem
For exercises on method 6, click on the button below
Exercise 6
16. Method 7
Short sentences can be combined to make one
longer sentence
Example:
Ireland is a wonderful country. It has
beautiful scenery, friendly people and an interesting
history.
Ireland, which is a wonderful country, has beautiful
scenery, friendly people and an interesting history
For exercises on method 7, click on the button below
Exercise 7
17. When you have finished your paraphrased draft,
reread the original text and compare it to your
paraphrase.
You can then check that you have retained the
meaning and attitude (tone) of the original text.
18. Method Application
Method 1 Replace synonyms
Method 2 Change plural nouns to singular ones
Method 3 Restructure sentence(s) grammatically
Method 4 Use Negative or Opposite Expressions
Method 5 Changing Word order
Method 6 Changing Parts of Speech
Method 7 Combine shorter sentences to make one longer sentence
SUMMARY
