2. Early Embryonic Loss
(55%)
(Zinaman et al. 1996; Diskin et al. 2006; Wilcox et al. 1988)
Fertilization Failure
(5%)
Live Birth
(33%)
Late Embryonic/
Fetal Loss
(7%)
3. Early Embryonic Loss
(55%)
Fertilization Failure
(5%)
Live Birth
(33%)
Late Embryonic/
Fetal Loss
(7%)
(Zinaman et al. 1996; Diskin et al. 2006; Wilcox et al. 1988)
4. Early Embryonic Loss
(55%)
Fertilization Failure
(5%)
Live Birth
(33%)
Late Embryonic/
Fetal Loss
(7%)
(Zinaman et al. 1996; Diskin et al. 2006; Wilcox et al. 1988)
5. Early Embryonic Loss
(55%)
Fertilization Failure
(5%)
Live Birth
(33%)
Late Embryonic/
Fetal Loss
(7%)
(Zinaman et al. 1996; Diskin et al. 2006; Wilcox et al. 1988)
6. Early Embryonic Loss
(55%)
Fertilization Failure
(5%)
Live Birth
(33%)
Late Embryonic/
Fetal Loss
(7%)
(Zinaman et al. 1996; Diskin et al. 2006; Wilcox et al. 1988)
25. 1) Characterize changes in uterine glycogen metabolism
during estrus, embryonic diapause, and pregnancy in
mink.
2) Determine if the glycogenic effect of estradiol on
uterine epithelia is direct.
26. Feb AprilMarch May
15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15
Estrus Implantation Parturition
Estrus
Diapause
Pregnancy
3 Collections
Objective 1.
Characterize changes in uterine glycogen metabolism during estrus,
embryonic diapause, and pregnancy in mink.
38. 1) Characterize changes in uterine glycogen metabolism
during estrus, embryonic diapause, and pregnancy in
mink.
2) Determine if the glycogenic effect of estradiol on
uterine epithelia is direct.
46. 1)Endometrial glycogen contributes to
histotroph.
localized to epithelial at estrus
mobilized before implantation
high glucose-6-phosphatase during diapause
2) Estradiol stimulates glycogenesis through both
paracrine and direct mechanisms.
activation of IGF-1 receptor increases glycogen
estradiol increases glycogen (in presence of
insulin)
51. Committee
Dr. Rose
Dr. Bearden
Dr. Cretekos
Dr. Pfau
Lab Mates
Jason Hunt
Kole Bowman
Lisa McDougall
Josh Astle
Ayokunle Hodonu
Evan Stegelmeier
Other Grad Students
Other Professors
Dr. Rodnick
Dr. Aho
Dr. Thomas
Funding Sources
Moyle Mink and Tannery
Fur Commission USA
Idaho INBRE
ISU Research Council
MCRF Seed Grant
Sigma Xi
CDC estimates:
6.7 M women -> reduced fertility
1.5 M women -> clinically infertile
human fertility- maximal at 30% per menstrual cycle
40% humans pregnancies lost after hCG is detectable
Pre-Implantation Period
mice and rats: 4-5 days
humans: 10 days
mink: variable, up to 50 days
Embryo require glucose4
Glucose uptake increases exponentially
Too much glucose is toxic
uterus cannot make glucose
Glycogen
Stores up to 55,000 glucose residues
25% of infertile women had diminished endometrial glycogen reserves
Mink
Mating Feb-March
Implantation April
Birth- May
Swigart et al. (1962)- neither insulin or glucose increased uterine glycogen in rats
Hay et al. (1984)- glucose clamp did not increase glucose uptake by uterus in sheep
Casalino-Matsuda et al. (2000)- not consistent results
OVX and diet restricted = insulin ↑ glycolysis
Intact and diet restricted = insulin ↓ glycolysis
Swigart et al. (1962)- neither insulin or glucose increased uterine glycogen in rats
Hay et al. (1984)- glucose clamp did not increase glucose uptake by uterus in sheep
Casalino-Matsuda et al. (2000)- not consistent results
OVX and diet restricted = insulin ↑ glycolysis
Intact and diet restricted = insulin ↓ glycolysis
Swigart et al. (1962)- neither insulin or glucose increased uterine glycogen in rats
Hay et al. (1984)- glucose clamp did not increase glucose uptake by uterus in sheep
Casalino-Matsuda et al. (2000)- not consistent results
OVX and diet restricted = insulin ↑ glycolysis
Intact and diet restricted = insulin ↓ glycolysis
