This document discusses extinction, endangerment of species, and examples of extinct and endangered animals. It defines extinction as the termination of a species due to natural or human causes, with habitat loss being the most common cause. Endangerment refers to putting a species at risk of extinction. Examples of critically endangered Philippine animals are provided, including the Philippine Eagle, Tamaraw, and Philippine Crocodile. The document also gives examples of extinct animals such as the Dodo bird, Pyrenean Ibex, and Saber-toothed Cat, providing brief descriptions of each species and their likely causes of extinction.

1. Extinction and Endangerment
Environmental Science
Martin Louie S. Castro
7 - Excellence

2. What is Extinction?
Extinction is the termination, extermination, or dying out of a species,
due to natural causes or man-made activities. The most common cause
of extinction is habitat loss, mainly due to deforestation.
First…
Replica of a Triceratops fossil Replica of a dinosaur skull Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event

3. What are the causes of extinction?
• Destruction of habitat
• Invasive species
• Natural disasters
• Climate change
• Overhunting
• Overharvesting
• Overhunting of species
• Urban expansion or urbanization

4. What is Endangerment?
Endangerment is to put a species at risk. A species of animal which is
likely to go extinct in the future is called an endangered species.
Blue Whale Tiger Black Rhinoceros

5. Endangered Animals in the
Philippines

6. Philippine Eagle
The Philippine Eagle, also known as the monkey-eating eagle or great Philippine eagle,
is a species of eagle that is currently critically endangered. It is mainly threatened by
illegal hunting of farmers and destruction of nesting sites as a result of deforestation.
There are currently only 400 nesting pairs of Philippine Eagles left in the wild.

7. Tamaraw
The Tamaraw is a mammal that can be found on the island of Mindoro.
The Tamaraw was found all over Mindoro before, but because of illegal
hunting, logging, and human habitation or urbanization, the animal can
only be found on a few grassy areas and is now critically endangered.

8. Philippine Crocodile
The Philippine crocodile, also known as the Mindoro crocodile or the
Philippine freshwater crocodile, is one of 2 species of crocodile found in
the Philippines. The Philippine Crocodile is currently critically
endangered from exploitation and illegal fishing methods.

9. Extinct Animals

10. Dodo
The Dodo is a flightless bird that was found on the island of Mauritius. It once
thrived on the island, but introduction of invasive species, habitat loss, illegal
hunting, and over-harvesting of the birds were too much for the dodos to
survive. The bird went extinct when the last living dodo died in 1681.

11. Pyrenean Ibex
The Pyrenean ibex is an extinct species of the Iberian ibex. Even when endemic to the
Pyrenees mountain range, its population dwindled from hunting, inbreeding, and climate
change. The species went extinct in 2000. In 2003, one baby Pyrenean ibex was cloned but
died minutes later due to physical lung defects, making it the first animal to go extinct
twice.

12. Saber-toothed Cat (Smilodon)
The Smilodon is a species of saber-toothed cat that existed 10,000 years ago. Smilodon,
along with the other species of saber-toothed cats lived in North and South America
during the Pleistocene geological epoch. The exact reason why the saber-tooth went
extinct is unknown, but climate change, competition with other species, and its reliance
on large animals as a food source have been proposed as the cause of its extinction.

13. The End! I hope you enjoyed this
presentation.