Divides up the history of the earth based on life- forms that have existed during specific times since the creation of planet. Is an important tool used to portray the history of the Earth. Also known as the Great Dying . 96 percent of species died out. Life on earth descended from the four percent that survived. CAUSES: Asteroid impact, flood basalt eruptions, catastrophic methane release ,a drop in oxygen levels ,sea level fluctuations. Ice melts in polar regions which is home to many animals like penguins and polar bears. Melted ice also leads to the rise in sea levels as well as submerging low-dying islands Global warming gives rise to the El Niño and La Niña phenomenon which brings major disasters such as floods ,drought heatwaves ,and forest fires; destroying habitats and killing its inhabitants. Change in temperature forces many species to flee from their comfortable habitat. They migrate and invade other territories that are similar to their old ones. Increases in carbon dioxide concentration also cause our oceans to become more acidic .Acidic water dissolves the shells of many sea creatures such as crabs, shrimps, oysters ,and soon even coral reefs which are home to numerous marine lives. The name dinosaur comes from the Greek words deinos (“terrible” or “fearfully great”) and sauros (“reptile” or “lizard”). The English anatomist Richard Owen proposed the formal term Dinosauria in 1842 to include three giant extinct animals (Megalosaurus, Iguanodon, and Hylaeosaurus) represented by large fossilized bones that had been unearthed at several locations in southern England during the early part of the 19th century. Owen recognized that these reptiles were far different from other known reptiles of the present and the past for three reasons: they were large yet obviously terrestrial, unlike the aquatic ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs that were already known; they had five vertebrae in their hips, whereas most known reptiles have only two; and, rather than holding their limbs sprawled out to the side in the manner of lizards, dinosaurs held their limbs under the body in columnar fashion, like elephants and other large mammals. The extensive fossil record of genera and species is testimony that dinosaurs were diverse animals, with widely varying lifestyles and adaptations. Their remains are found in sedimentary rock layers (strata) dating to the Late Triassic Epoch (approximately 237 million to 201.3 million years ago). The abundance of their fossilized bones is substantive proof that dinosaurs were the dominant form of terrestrial animal life during the Mesozoic Era (about 252.2 million to 66 million years ago). It is likely that the known remains represent a very small fraction (probably less than 0.0001 percent) of all the individual dinosaurs that once lived. Before Richard Owen introduced the term Dinosauria in 1842, there was no concept of anything even like a dinosaur. Large fossilized bones quite probably had been observed long period by

2. Direction: Look at the pictures below
and identify which cause of
extinction matches each group of
pictures.

3. Taking Animals for Profit Introduced species
Hunting and Trapping Destruction of habitat
Overharvesting Pollution

4. Taking Animals for Profit Introduced species
Hunting and Trapping Destruction of habitat
Overharvesting Pollution

5. Taking Animals for Profit Introduced species
Hunting and Trapping Destruction of habitat
Overharvesting Pollution

6. Taking Animals for Profit Introduced species
Hunting and Trapping Destruction of habitat
Overharvesting Pollution

7. Taking Animals for Profit Introduced species
Hunting and Trapping Destruction of habitat
Overharvesting Pollution

8.  Divides up the history of the earth based
on life- forms that have existed during
specific times since the creation of planet.
 Is an important tool used to portray the
history of the Earth.

10.  Is the dying out or extermination of the
entire species.

12.  485-541 million years ago
 Invertebrate animals ,brachiopods ,trilobites

13.  443-485 million years ago
 First seed plants ,cartilage fish

14.  419-443 million years ago
 Earliest land animals
Sollasina Cthulhu

15.  Third largest extinction in Earth’s history
 85 percent of sea life was wiped out .
 CAUSE: A huge ice sheet caused the climate to
change.

16.  359-419 million years ago
 First seed plants ,cartilage fish
Sollasina Cthulhu

17.  Three quarters of all species on Earth died .
 Seabed became devoid of oxygen ;only bacteria can
survive.
 CAUSES: Changes in sea level ,asteroid impacts
,climate change ,and new kinds of plants
interrupting the soil.

18.  252-299 million years ago
 First reptiles
Sollasina Cthulhu
Edaphosaurus Dimetrodon

19. Sollasina Cthulhu

20.  Also known as the Great Dying .
 96 percent of species died out.
 Life on earth descended from the four percent that
survived.
 CAUSES: Asteroid impact, flood basalt eruptions,
catastrophic methane release ,a drop in oxygen
levels ,sea level fluctuations.

21.  201 -252 million years ago
 Cycads , first dinosaurs
Sollasina Cthulhu

23.  145-201 million years ago
 First birds
Sollasina Cthulhu

24. Sollasina Cthulhu

25.  Half of all the species including large
amphibians became extinct.
 CAUSES: Climate change ,flood basalt
eruptions ,massive volcanic eruption
,ocean acidity ,and an asteroid impact.

26.  66-145 million years ago
 Modern seed –bearing plants ,dinosaurs
Sollasina Cthulhu

30.  2.6-66 million years ago
 Rise of mammals
Sollasina Cthulhu

31.  Extinction of the dinosaurs.
 50 percent of all species was wiped out.
 CAUSE: Asteroid impact
 62-72 million years ago
 Modern seed-bearing plants ,dinosaurs

32.  2.6 million years –present
 Rise of humans
Sollasina Cthulhu

34. 1.Dodo bird-
 The dodo was a flightless relative of
pigeons and doves, which once
inhabited the islands of Mauritius and
Reunion.
 the Dodo became extinct less than 80
years later because of deforestation,
hunting, and destruction of their nests
by animals brought to the island by the
Dutch.

35.  2. Stephen Island’s wren –
Stephens Island wren was a small,
flightless passerine the New Zealand
wrens.
 they became extinct when they
introduced in a different
environment and harm the rest of
the species .

36. 3. Melomys Rubicola
 has reddish brown fur with a paler
underbelly.
 Was wiped out by sea-level rise,
according to the government of
Australia.
 It's official: Climate change has claimed
its first mammal extinction.

37. 4.Spix’s Macaw
 Spix's macaw, also known as the little
blue macaw, is a macaw species that
was endemic to Brazil.
 Since the year 2000, the species has
been considered extinct in the wild. In
addition to illegal trafficking, the
destruction of habitat due to human
influences was the main reason for the
extinction of the species.

38. 5. Madeiran Butterfly
The Madeiran large white is
a subspecies of the large
white butterfly, endemic to
Madeira.
Cause of extinction : The
gases spread to atmosphere
and human waste damages
the whole planet.

39. 6. Woolly Mammoth
 An enormous mammal, believed
to be closely related to the
modern-day elephant.
 The Woolly Mammoth eventually
disappeared 10,000 years ago
through a combination of
hunting by humans and the
disappearance of its habitat
through climate change.

40. 7.Tasmanian Tiger
 Not related to tigers, the creature
had the appearance of a medium-
to-large-size dog but dark stripes
gave it a tiger-like appearance.
 It is believed to have been hunted
to extinction .
 The last wild Tasmanian Tiger was
killed between 1910 and 1920,
with the last captive one dying in
Hobart Zoo, Tasmania in 1936.

41. 8. Passenger Pigeon
 the Passenger or Wild Pigeon has been
extinct since the early 20th century.
 It is estimated that between 3 and 5 billion
Passenger Pigeons inhabited the US when
Europeans arrived in North America, but
their settlement led to mass deforestation
resulting in habitat loss and a reduction in
the bird population.
 By the 19th century pigeon meat was
commercialized as a cheap food for the poor,
which resulted in hunting on a massive scale.
 The Passenger Pigeon died out in the wild by
around 1900, with the last known individual
dying in captivity in 1914.

42. 9.Pyrenean Ibex
 The exact cause of the Pyrenean
Ibex’s extinction is unknown;
scientists believe factors included
poaching and the inability to
compete with other mammals for
food and habitat.
 The last Pyrenean Ibex was killed
by a falling tree in northern Spain
in 2000.

43. 10.West African black
rhinoceros
 Some believe their horns had
medicinal properties – though this
had no grounding in scientific fact –
which lead to heavy poaching.
 In the 1930’s preservation action
was taken to protect the species,
but the numbers continued to
decline. The last West African Black
Rhino was seen in Cameroon in
2006. It was declared officially
extinct in 2011.

44.  Are very likely to become extinct in the
near future.
In the Philippines, some terrestrial species like the tamaraw in
Mindoro, mouse deer in Palawan, Philippine deer, Monkey-
eating eagle, and aquatic species like the dugong found in
Negros, Batangas, and Leyte are in danger of extinction.

45. 1. Philippine Eagle
 known as the monkey-eating eagle,
is the country’s national bird and is
one of many endemic species in the
Philippines.
 Deforestation, mining, and pollution
are all major risks to the Philippine
eagle’s survival.
 In 1990, the Philippine eagle was
added to the red list of critically
endangered wildlife created by the
IUCN (International Union for
Conservation of Nature).

46. 2. Tamaraw
 The tamaraw, sometimes known as
the dwarf forest buffalo, is an
animal found only in the
Philippines, specifically on the
island of Mindoro.
 The tamaraws were also victims of
illegal hunting and the animal flesh
trade among Mindoro residents.
 In 1969, it was thought that less
than 100 animals remained, placing
the tamaraw on the IUCN’s critically
endangered list.

47. 3.Visayan Warty Pig
 The IUCN lists the Visayan Warty Pig
as a critically endangered species in
the Philippines.
 The pig, which was once common
throughout the central Philippines,
is now only found on two islands:
Panay and Negros.
 Illegal hunting and logging, as well
as agricultural land destruction,
contributed to the Visayan Warty
Pig’s extinction on Cebu.

48. 4.Tarsier
 These primates are found on the
islands of Samar, Leyte, Bohol, and
Mindanao, as well as a handful of
smaller islands like Dinagat and
Basilan.
 Deforestation and increased
typhoons due to climate change
also pose a threat to wild tarsiers.

49. 5. Philippine Forest Turtle
 The Philippines is home to five of
seven sea turtle species in the
world. All five of these species are
threatened and listed as
endangered.
 The Philippine forest turtle, sought
by collectors for its uniqueness,
continues to face a major threat
from the illicit pet trade. In 2015, a
single bust in Palawan uncovered
nearly 4,000 turtles.

50. 6. Philippine mouse deer
 also known as pilandok, small,
nocturnal ruminant, which is endemic
to Balabac and nearby smaller islands
southwest of Palawan in the
Philippines.
 The Philippine mouse-deer is
threatened due to a variety of reasons,
such as poaching and capture for the
wild animal trade.
 Hunting has also caused a great
decline in the number of individuals
left.

52.  results when sulfur dioxide (SO2)
and nitrogen oxides (NO) are
emitted into the atmosphere
and transported by wind and air
currents.
 form of precipitation that is
unusually acidic.

53.  Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest
or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-
forest use.
 Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to
farms, ranches, or urban use. .

54.  the process in which the water body becomes overly
enriched with nutrients, leading to an increase in the
production of algae and macrophytes.

55.  the degradation (and potential mass death) of the ocean's
corals.

56.  A portion of the forest land, whether occupied or not, that
is subjected to shifting or permanent slash-and-burn
cultivation having little or no provision to prevent soil
erosion.

57.  Illegal logging is the harvesting of timber in contravention
of the laws and regulations of the country of harvest.

58.  A wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is
an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpredictable fire in an
area of combustible vegetation.

59.  Blast fishing, when dynamite or other explosives are used
to stun or kill fish, is a practice used in many villages and
isolated regions of the world.

60.  The muro-ami fishing technique, employed on coral reefs
in Southeast Asia, uses an encircling net together with
pounding devices.

61.  Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish from a body
of water at a rate greater than that the species can
replenish its population naturally, resulting in the species
becoming increasingly underpopulated in that area

62.  Is a process where organisms with favorable
traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
 Is the process by which fertile land becomes
desert, typically ,as a result of drought
,deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.

63.  Are not native to a specific location ,and
environment .
 Is the usually rapid increase in average surface
temperature over the past century .Primarily,
this is due to the greenhouse gases released by
people burning fossil fuels.

64. Aside from obvious causes like overhunting and
pollution ,here are other ways humans are causing
mass extinction all around the planet

65. Ice melts in polar regions which is home to
many animals like penguins and polar bears.
Melted ice also leads to the rise in sea levels as
well as submerging low-dying islands

66. Global warming gives rise to the El Niño and La
Niña phenomenon which brings major disasters
such as floods ,drought heatwaves ,and forest
fires; destroying habitats and killing its
inhabitants.

67. Change in temperature forces many species to
flee from their comfortable habitat. They
migrate and invade other territories that are
similar to their old ones.

68. Increases in carbon dioxide concentration also
cause our oceans to become more acidic .Acidic
water dissolves the shells of many sea creatures
such as crabs, shrimps, oysters ,and soon even
coral reefs which are home to numerous marine
lives.

69. Ocean water expands when heated further
raising sea levels. Small bodies of water in
warmer areas dry out killing their inhabitants.