Presentazione dell'Ing. Klas Berglof (ClimaCheck) al XVI Convegno Europeo il 13 giugno 2015 - 5a sessione

1. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Introduction to
Measurements as a tool for energy optimisation in
refrigeration and air conditioning plants
and
A guide for optimisation of
industrial refrigeration plants.
Klas Berglöf
ClimaCheck Sweden AB
klas@climacheck.com

2. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Outline
• Background
– ClimaCheck Background
– SEI Project – Swedish Energy Authority project
– COOL-SAVE - EU Project
• Findings
– Visualisation and Benchmarking of performance
– Energy saving potential
• Results
– SEI and sub efficiencies
– Guideline for optimisation

3. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
ClimaCheck
3
ClimaCheck
online
MONITORING
SYSTEM
ClimaCheck
onsite
MEASUREMENT
TOOL
Continuous online monitoring of
 Performance and Energy
 Early warning
 Remote Analyse Services
 Expert support
Portable analysing systems:
Commissioning
Measuring and validation
Maintenance
Trouble shooting

4. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
ECG for AC and Refrigeration
Two famous expressions:
”To measure is to know”
-
”If you cannot measure it,
you cannot control it”

5. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
5
Know the Performance
Maximise the Efficiency

6. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Report from two project
Swedish Energy Agency supported project
with collaboration to analyse and develop
field measurement methods based on
SEI - System Efficiency Index.
EU – Project to optimise energy efficiency in
refrigeration in food and drink industry

7. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Effsys plus
• Swedish Energy Agency - Financing
• SP - Technical Research Institute of Sweden
• Industrial partners
– ClimaCheck - Sweden
– Institute of Refrigeration UK
– Kühl Analyse - Germany
– Ambient Control, UK

8. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
SEI better than COP?
• Weakness with COP – EER – kW/Rt
– Heavily dependent on
• Operating condition
• Capacity
– Difference of good

9. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Comparing COP is challenging

10. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Carnot efficiency = 100 %

11. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Shortcoming with traditional Carnot evaluation
• Condensing and evaporation used as references
– Eliminate the influence of two major component
– Does not include impact of flows and i.e. auxiliary powers
These shortcomings are solved by SEI
Uses ”reference temperatures” including heat exchangers
Defined “system boundaries” with SEI1 to SEI4

12. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
System boundaries
SEI1 easy to define
SEI2 relatively easy - specify
SEI3 often complex - specify
SEI4 must be specified in detail

13. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Reference temperatures
• Defined based on system design
– Water to water
• Mean temperature on each side
• ”None ducted” condensers in i.e. air cooled chillers
– Inlet air + 5 K
• ”None ducted” evaporators
– Inlet air -5 K
• Multi evaporators (i.e. supermarket racks)
– Coldest display case – 5 K

14. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
SEI1 and SEI2

15. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
SEI can be based on different measuring methods
• Conventional measurement = flow based
– Costly to implement
– Poor field accuracy
– Gives SEI but not sub efficiencies
– Accepted method but no solutions to problems
• Thermodynamic evaluation method
– Cost effective with good field accuracy
– Give cause of low performance through sub efficiencies
– Method is well proven

16. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
SEI sub efficiencies > pinpointing
• Sub efficiencies pinpoint weaknesses in
– Cycle
– Compressor = Isentropic efficiency
– Evaporator
– Condenser
– Pressure drop
– Auxiliary load efficiency
– Heat pick up loss or heat pick

17. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Easy to apply in 20 minutes – to standard service “points”
2 pressures from
service ports
Electrical input
7 surface temperatures

18. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
System Efficiency Index
Example show typical
good chiller
A new possibility to
bench mark
and communicate
performance
to none technical
decision makers.
Subefficiencies
0
10
20
30
40 50 60
70
80
90
100
45
SEI1 Cool
84
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
η1 RefrigerantCycle
68
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
η2 Compressor
85
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
η4co Condenser
93
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
η4ev Evaporator

19. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Dashboard - supermarket
Supermarket with huge savings achieved working well
- but condenser performance very low at low ambient with
fans turned down to keep condensing up > low SEI

20. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Overview System efficiency
3 similar chillers with total 6 circuits
One lower performance in condenser
High dT – High Sub cool – over charged

21. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
• Evaluate saving potential in 25 plants in EU
– Target sector - Food and Drink Industry
– Goal - identify cost effective measures to save energy
– Analyse - Influence of climate
– Describe methodology
– Spread information - good examples - Guideline for optimisation
www.cool-save.eu

22. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Partners
Spain
ITCL - Instituto Tecnológico de Castilla
FIAB - León Federación Española de Industrias de Alimentación y Bebidas
Hungary
CBHU Campden BRI Magyarorszag Nonprofit Korlatolt FelelosseguTarsasag
France
Okavango Energy
ANIA – Association Nationale des Industries Alimentaires
IIFIIR - International Institute of Refrigeration
Italy
Federalimentare Servizi srl – FEDSERV
The Netherlands
GEA Refrigeration Technologies GmbH
Sweden
ClimaCheck Sweden AB

23. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
COOL-SAVE – 25 case studies
• Example - industrial plant with conventional chiller

24. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
160 000 kWh savings
• Renovation of compressor
– with defect valve plate to save energy and avoid catastrophic failure. A failure cause
high cost and downtime.
• Change of condenser pump
– to one with sufficient flow and variable speed. Current pump is not capable of supplying
required flow even at part load causing high condensing at all conditions
• Evaporator flow reduced with VSD
– at part load (majority of time) to create better operating condition in evaporator and
reduced pumping energy.

25. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Guide for optimisation available
• COOL-SAVE has based on experience from the
survey compiled a guide for optimisation.
• Download from www.COOLSAVE.eu

26. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Thank You
Questions?