Presentazione dell'Ing. Lorenzo Fanetti (Officine Mario Dorin) al XVI Convegno Europeo il 12 giugno 2015 - 2a sessione

1. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Lorenzo Fanetti
OFFICINE MARIO DORIN S.p.A.
NxtHPG project
“Next Generation of Heat Pumps
working with Natural fluids”
“This project has received funding from
the European Union’s Seventh
Programme for research, technological
development and demonstration under
grant agreement No [307169]”.

2. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
HC
prototypes
CO2
prototypes
Consortium structure & organization

3. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
MOTIVATIONS
• Development of electrical heat
pump (HP) for reduction of
energy consumption for
heating/cooling applications
• Low environmental impact
 NATURAL FLUIDS
Hydrocarbons (HC)
CO2
Ammonia
• Increase HP efficiency
• Reduce the costs
OBJECTIVES
• Identification of the cases
• Concentrating on the
development on a few selected
applications
• Development of a set of HP,
working with HC and CO2
 n°5 HP prototypes for most
interesting applications
• Keep the cost very similar or
only a bit higher

4. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Case Fluid Source Tamb(ºC) Sink T(ºC) Application (kW)
1
HC
(Propane)
Air -10 to 35
(outdoor air)
Water
40 to 50
Heating water
production
40
60
Low demand
of Domestic hot water
2
HC
(Propane)
Water
(brine)
-5 to15 Water
40 to 50
Heating water
Production
60
60
Low demand
of Domestic hot water
3
HC
(Propane)
Water
(Neutral
loop)
10 to 15 (Sewage
water) or
25 to 30
(Condensation loop)
Water 60
Domestic
hot water production
50
4 CO2 Air
-10 to 10 (winter)
20 to 35 (summer)
(outdoor air)
Water 60 to 80
Domestic
hot water production
30
5 CO2 Air
-10 to 35
(outdoor air)
Water
80
(return water
40)
Heating & domestic hot
water production
50
Expected results

5. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test layout
Layout of CASE
4: air to water
heat pump for
Domestic Hot
Water Production
Heating capacity
~ 30 kW
Installed
compressor: 2
cylinders model
CD1000H

6. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results
• Operating conditions of the compressor are very variable
• Unlike the refrigeration applications, which work in conditions fairly
stable throughout the year, in heat pumps, the evaporation pressure can
vary from -25°C up to +15°C
Following results will show:
• operating conditions of compressor measured in Enea
• the main issues related to the operation of compressor
• CD compressors adopted design solutions

7. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results Tamb = 7°C; Tin_water = 10÷40°C; Tout-water = 60÷80°C
Tambient=7°C
1
21
41
61
81
101
121
141
161
75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110
p_out_CP [bar]
T_out_CP[°C]
2014_07_14_Tin9_Tout65_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_14_Tin9_Tout65_Tcc7_pgc105
2014_07_08_Tin10_Tout55_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_10_Tin10_Tout55_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_08_Tin10_Tout60_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_10_Tin10_Tout60_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc7_pgc105
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc7_pgc82
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc7_pgc105
2014_07_07_Tin40_Tout60_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_07_Tin40_Tout60_Tcc7_pgc105
2014_07_17_Tin40_Tout80_Tcc7_matrix
1. High discharge temperature

8. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
1. High discharge
temperature
Suction side Ambient
air
Discharge
side
 HP / LP thermal
insulation
 Lower discharge
temperature
 Better lubrication
 Lower pressure pulsations
 HIGHER RELIABILITY
 HIGHER EFFICIENCY
Separation of suction and discharge side
Iron pistons

9. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results Tamb = 12°C; Tin_water = 15÷40°C; Tout_water = 60÷80°C
Tambient=12°C
2,3
22,3
42,3
62,3
82,3
102,3
122,3
142,3
85 90 95 100 105 110
p_out_CP [bar]
T_out_CP[°C]
2014_07_02_Tin15_Tout60_Tcc12_matrix
2014_07_02_Tin15_Tout60_Tcc12_pgc96
2014_07_02_Tin15_Tout60_Tcc12_pgc86
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc12_matrix
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc12_matrix
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc12_pgc95
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc12_pgc105
2014_07_04_Tin30_Tout80_Tcc12_matrix
2014_07_07_Tin40_Tout60_Tcc12_pgc105
2. High specific load combined with
high termal level

10. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
2. High specific load combined with high termal level
Refrigerant Range
Nominal
HP motor
pΔ
(design)
Bore
Piston
pin
Piston
load
Specific load
(piston pin)
[bar] [m m] [mm] [kg] [kg/mm 2
]
H2 3,8 28 59 18 780 2,2
H5 30 28 72 20 1160 2,4
CD200 3,8 120 28 12 750 5,9
CD400 30 120 42 18 1700 4,5
CO2
HFC

11. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
2. High specific load combined with high termal level
HFC solution
CD solution
CD solution
HFC solution
Lubrication
port

12. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results Tamb = 15°C; Tin_water = 20÷55°C; Tout_water = 60÷65°C
Tambient=15°C
1,2
6,2
11,2
16,2
21,2
26,2
31,2
36,2
41,2
46,2
51,2
20 25 30 35 40 45 50
p_in_CP [bar]
T_in_CP[°C]
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc105
2014_07_14_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_06_30_Tin40_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_16_Tin50_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc100
2014_07_16_Tin50_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc105
2014_07_16_Tin55_Tout65_Tcc15_pgc105
3. High diluition of CO2 in the oil

13. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
3. High diluition of CO2 in the oil
Approx. 9 %

14. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
3. High diluition of
CO2 in the oil
Approx.
14 cst

15. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
3. High diluition of CO2 in the oil
Refrigerant Oil type
% diluition
(refrigerant in
the oil)
Residual
viscosity
Max moisture
water content
R134a POE32 6% 13 cst 50 ppm
POE85 10% 9 cst 50 ppm
PAG 68 9% 14 cst 500 ppm
CO2
For this reasons, PAG is the best choise for
CO2 heat pump applications

16. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results Tamb = 15°C; Tin_water = 20÷55°C; Tout_water = 60÷65°C
Tambient=15°C
1,2
6,2
11,2
16,2
21,2
26,2
31,2
36,2
41,2
46,2
51,2
20 25 30 35 40 45 50
p_in_CP [bar]
T_in_CP[°C]
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc105
2014_07_14_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_06_30_Tin40_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_16_Tin50_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc100
2014_07_16_Tin50_Tout60_Tcc15_pgc105
2014_07_16_Tin55_Tout65_Tcc15_pgc105
4. High suction temp.  critical
cooling of the motor

17. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
4. High suction temp.  critical cooling of the motor
- 100% mass of
refrigerant acrosses
the motor
- Inner and outer
gas channels
- Oil discharge
ducts at cylinder
side only
- Low oil carry over

18. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
Test results Tamb = 2°C; Tin_water = 10÷50°C; Tout_water = 10÷50°C
Tambient=2°C
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
80 85 90 95 100 105 110
p_out_CP [bar]
P_in_CP[bar]
2014_07_10_Tin10_Tout55_Tccm7_matrix
2014_07_08_Tin10_Tout55_Tcc2_matrix
2014_07_14_Tin9_Tout65_Tcc7_matrix
2014_07_02_Tin15_Tout60_Tcc12_matrix
2014_07_01_Tin20_Tout60_Tcc15_matrix
2014_07_02_Tin17_Tout65_Tcc16_matrix
2014_06_27_Tin30_Tout60_Tcc20_matrix
2014_06_27_Tin30_Tout80_Tcc20_matrix
2014_07_16_Tin50_Tout60_Tcc20_pgc105
5. Extreme variability in
the operating conditions

19. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
CD compressors design solutions
5. Extreme
variability in
the operating
conditions
Thanks to adopted
design features, of CD-
H compressors have
a wide operating
envelope. All the
operating conditions
tested in Enea are
well inside the
envelope

20. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
 The widest CO2 compressor range available in the market
 Design pressure: LP side 100 bar, HP side 150 bar
 Displacements @ 50 Hz from 1.1 m3
/h to 30.5 m3
/h
 Heating capacity (Tair=7°C; Tin_w=10°C) from 6 kW to 140 kW
CD-H compressor range
Range Cylinder
Displacement @
50Hz
Heating
capacity
[m
3
/h] [kW]
CD200 2 1,12 ÷ 3,00 6 ÷ 16
CD300 2 4,34 ÷ 11,62 23 ÷ 65
CD400 4 9,48 ÷ 26,57 50 ÷ 140

21. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
2015 INCOMING FURTHER
IMPROVEMENT
NEW RANGE CD500
• 6 cylinders compressor
• Displacement from 39,8 to 59,5 m3/h
• Nominal power from 50 to 80 HP
• Heating capacity (Tair=7°C; Tin_w=10°C) up to 250 kW
• External discharge manifold (oil temperature reduction, compressor efficiency
increase)
• Design pressure: 100 bar (LP) e 150 bar (HP)
• Safety valve on both low and high pressure sides

22. Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION